TABLE OF CONTENTS-Continued CHAPTER 2-NATIONALITY THROUGH NATURALIZATION-con. Sec. 317. Temporary absence of persons performing religious Sec. 318. Prerequisites to naturalization-burden of proof. Sec. 320. Children born outside of United States of one alien and Sec. 321. Children born outside of United States of alien parent. Sec. 322. Child born outside of United States; naturalization on petition of citizen parent; requirements and exemp- Sec. 323. Children adopted by United States citizens. Sec. 324. Former citizens regaining United States citizenship. Sec. 325. Nationals but not citizens of the United States; resi- dence within outlying possessions. Sec. 326. Resident Philippine citizens excepted from certain re- Sec. 327. Former United States citizens losing citizenship by entering the armed forces of foreign countries during Sec. 328. Naturalization through service in the Armed Forces of Sec. 329. Naturalization through active-duty service in Armed Forces during World War I or World War II. Sec. 330. Constructive residence through service on certain Sec. 331. Alien enemies; naturalization under specified conditions Sec. 332. Procedural and administrative provisions; executive Sec. 334. Petition for naturalization; declaration of intention. Sec. 335. Investigation of petitioners; preliminary examinations Sec. 336. Final hearing in open court; examination of petitioner Sec. 337. Oath of renunciation and allegiance. Sec. 338. Certificate of naturalization; contents. Sec. 339. Functions and duties of clerks. Sec. 340. Revocation of naturalization. Sec. 341. Certificates of citizenship; procedure. Sec. 342. Cancellation of certificates not to affect citizenship Sec. 343. Documents and copies issued by the Attorney General. Sec. 345. Mail relating to naturalization transmitted free of post- Sec. 346. Publication and distribution of citizenship textbooks Sec. 347. Compilation of naturalization statistics and payment for Sec. 348. Admissibility in evidence of testimony as to statements TABLE OF CONTENTS-Continued Sec. 353. Section 352 not effective as to certain persons. Sec. 354. Section 352(a) (2) not effective as to certain persons. Sec. 355. Loss of American nationality through parent's expatria- tion; not effective until person attains age of twenty- Sec. 356. Nationality lost solely from performance of acts or ful- Sec. 358. Certificate of diplomatic or consular officer as to loss of Sec. 359. Certificate of nationality for a person not a naturalized Sec. 360. Judicial proceedings for declaration of United States Sec. 401. Joint Congressional Committee. Sec. 402. Amendments to other laws. SECTION 101. (a) As used in this Act- (1) The term "administrator" means the adminis- (2) The term "advocates" includes, but is not limited (3) The term "alien" means any person not a citizen (4) The term "application for admission" has refer- (5) The term "Attorney General" means the Attorney (6) The term "border crossing identification card" 8 U.S.C. 1101. ous territory in accordance with such conditions for its issuance and use as may be prescribed by regulations. (7) The term "clerk of court" means a clerk of a naturalization court. (8) The terms "Commissioner" and "Deputy Commissioner" mean the Commissioner of Immigration and Naturalization and a Deputy Commissioner of Immigration and Naturalization, respectively. (9) The term "consular officer" means any consular, diplomatic, or other officer of the United States designated under regulations prescribed under authority contained in this Act, for the purpose of issuing immigrant or nonimmigrant visas. In cases of aliens, in the Canal Zone and the outlying possessions of the United States, the term "consular officer" means an officer designated by the Governor of the Canal Zone, or the governors of the outlying possessions, for the purpose of issuing immigrant or nonimmigrant visas under this Act. (10) The term "crewman" means a person serving in any capacity on board a vessel or aircraft. (11) The term "diplomatic visa" means a nonimmigrant visa bearing that title and issued to a nonimmigrant in accordance with such regulations as the Secretary of State may prescribe. (12) The term "doctrine" includes, but is not limited to, policies, practices, purposes, aims, or procedures. (13) The term "entry" means any coming of an alien into the United States, from a foreign port or place or from an outlying possession, whether voluntarily or otherwise, except that an alien having a lawful permanent residence in the United States shall not be regarded as making an entry into the United States for the purposes of the immigration laws if the alien proves to the satisfaction of the Attorney General that his departure to a foreign port or place or to an outlying possession was not intended or reasonably to be expected by him or his presence in a foreign port or place or in an outlying possession was not voluntary: Provided, That no person whose departure from the United States was occasioned by deportation proceedings, extradition, or other legal process shall be held to be entitled to such exception. (14) The term "foreign state" includes outlying possessions of a foreign state, but self-governing dominions or territories under mandate or trusteeship shall be regarded as separate foreign states. (15) The term "immigrant" means every alien except an alien who is within one of the following classes of nonimmigrant aliens (A) (i) an ambassador, public minister, or career diplomatic or consular officer who has been accredited by a foreign government recognized de jure by the United States and who is accepted by the President or by the Secretary of State, and the members of the alien's immediate family; 1 (ii) upon a basis of reciprocity, other officials and employees who have been accredited by a foreign government recognized de jure by the United States, who are accepted by the Secretary of State, and the members of their immediate families; and 1 (iii) upon a basis of reciprocity, attendans, servants, personal employees, and members of their immediate families, of the officials and employees who have a nonimmigrant status under (1) and (ii) above; (B) an alien (other than one coming for the purpose of study or of performing skilled or unskilled labor or as a representative of foreign press, radio, film, or other foreign information media coming to engage in such vocation) having a residence in a foreign country which he has no intention of abandoning and who is visiting the United States temporarily for business or temporarily for pleasure; (C) an alien in immediate and continuous transit through the United States, or an alien who qualifies as a person entitled to pass in transit to and from the United Nations Headquarters District and foreign countries, under the provisions of paragraphs (3), (4), and (5) of section 11 of the Headquarters Agreement with the United Nations (61 Stat. 758); note. [Note 1. Section 11 of the Headquarters 22 U.S.C. 287, Agreement with the United Nations (signed on behalf of the United States on June 26, 1947; Act of August 4, 1947 (61 Stat. 756) authorized the President to bring into effect the said Agreement) reads as follows: "Section 11. The federal, state or local authorities of the United States shall not impose any impediments to transit to or from the headquarters district of (1) representatives of Members or officials of the United Nations, or of specialized agencies as defined in Article 57, paragraph 2, of the Charter, or the families of such representatives or officials, (2) experts performing missions for the United Nations or for such specialized agencies, (3) representatives of the the press, or of radio, film or other information agencies, who have been accredited by the United Nations (or by such a specialized agency) in its discretion after consultation with the United States, (4) representatives of nongovernmental organizations recognized by the United Nations for the purpose of consultation under Article 71 of the Charter, or (5) other 1 See note 9 on p. 90. 8 U.S.C. 1184a. persons invited to the headquarters district by the United Nations or by such specialized agency on official business. The appropriate American authorities shall afford any necessary protection to such persons while in transit to or from the headquarters district."] (D) an alien crewman serving in good faith as such in any capacity required for normal operation and service on board a vessel (other than a fishing vessel having its home port or an operating base in the United States) or aircraft, who intends to land temporarily and solely in pursuit of his calling as a crewman and to depart from the United States with the vessel or aircraft on which he arrived or some other vessel or aircraft; (E) an alien entitled to enter the United States under and in pursuance of the provisions of a treaty of commerce and navigation between the United States and the foreign state of which he is a national, and the spouse and children of any such alien if accompanying or following to join him: (i) solely to carry on substantial trade, principally between the United States and the foreign state of which he is a national; or (ii) solely to develop and direct the operations of an enterprise in which he has invested, or of an enterprise in which he is actively in the process of investing, a substantial amount of capital; [Note 2. The Act of June 18, 1954 (68 Stat. 264), provides as follows: "That, upon a basis of reciprocity secured by agreement entered into by the President of the United States and the President of the Philippines, a national of the Philippines, and the spouse and children of any such national if accompanying or following to join him, may, if otherwise eligible for a visa and if otherwise admissible into the United States under the Immigration and Nationality Act (66 Stat. 163), be considered to be classifiable as a nonimmigrant under section 101(a) (15) (E) of said Act if entering solely for the purposes specified in subsection (i) or (ii) of said section."] (F) an alien having a residence in a foreign country which he has no intention of abandoning, who is a bona fide student qualified to pursue a full course of study and who seeks to enter the United States temporarily and solely for the purpose of pursuing such a course of study at an established institution of learning or other recognized place of study in the United States, particularly designated by him and approved by the Attorney General after consultation with the Office of Education of the United States, which institution or place of study shall have agreed to report to the Attorney General the termi |