China (Continued)

Yat-sen, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266;
Republic proclaimed, 264, 265; Yuan
Shih-kai, 263-270; troubles in Mon-
golia, 265; attempts to arrange for-
eign loans, 266; dictatorship of Yuan
and restoration of monarchy, 267-270;
civil strife, 271, 272; end of monarchy,
272; war declared against Germany,
272, 273; advantages in joining Allies,
291; at the Peace Conference, 296,
297; struggle with Japan at Confer-
ence, 299, 300; work of Soviet agents
in Mongolia, 304, 305; Russia makes
diplomatic advances, 305, 306; for-
eign loan arranged, but Chinese domes-
tic disagreements prevent its use, 310,
311; the Shantung problem, 311, 312;
the extraterritoriality question, 312
and notes, 313; other grievances, 313;
at the Washington Conference, 316,
317, 318; Soviet influences, 321, 322;
British influence in, 329; relations
with Tibet, 330; immigration problem
in U. S., 342; American capital in
China, 343; Soviet extension of Com-
munistic propaganda, 355 and n., 356
and n.; end of Sun Yat-sen's career,
356, 357 and n.; Mass Education
movement, 357, 358 and n.; desire
for more complete and independent
nationalism, 358, 359; strikes in
schools and in industries, 359, 360;
anti-foreign rioting, 360, 361; anti-
Christian movements, 361; attitude
of other Powers, 361, 362; present
relations with Japan, 363, 364, 365;
China's debt to foreign missionaries,
merchants, and statesmen, 366, 367;
her special difficulties in readjustment,
367-371 and notes; trade statistics,
385; foreign capital, 385, 386; the
present problem of opium, 387 and
n., 388, 389; introduction of Western
educational ideals, 391, 392; medical
missions, 393, 394; industrial teach-
ing, 395; evangelistic work, 395, 396,
397; the outlook, 403.

Chinese, early trade with America, 181,

Civilization, geographic types of, 11,
352.

Climatic changes and migration, 16,

17.

Clive, Robert, Lord, 165, 166, 182,

242.

Coleridge, S. T. (quoted), 83.
Columbus, route to India conceived by,

108.

Constantinople, 98, 99.

Cook, James, Captain, 174, 176, 179,
180 and n., 183.

Cowan, A. R. (quoted), 20, 21 and n.
Croesus, 31.

Cuckoo poems by Japanese soldiers,

97.

Curzon, Lord, 249.

Cushing, Caleb, in China, 192.
Cyrus, 26, 31.

Czechoslovaks in Russia after Revolu-
tion, 294, 295.

DALHOUSIE, LORD, in India, 245.
Damascus, capital of Ummayad Khali-
fate, 70; taken by Timur, 100; since
the war, 329.
Daqiqi, 74.

Darius Hystaspes, 36, 38.

Delhi, 251, 252. See also Moghuls.
De Quincey, Flight of a Tartar Tribe, 151,
152.

Deshima (island), 130, 161, 162.
Diaz, Bartolomeo, 108.
Diocletian, 64.

Disarmament Conference, 313–319.
Disraeli, Benjamin, 247 n.
Drama, Greek and Roman, as influencing
Indian literature, 52.

Dravidian tribes, origin and early move-
ments of, 20, 21.

Druses, the, 285 and n., 328, 329.
Duff, Alexander, in India, 243 and n.
Dutch, on Malay Peninsula, 112; efforts
to reach China, 127, 128; the Itinerario
of van Linschoten, 128; India Com-
pany, 128; Will Adams and the Japa-
nese, 128 and n., 129; exclusion policy
of Iyemitsu, 129, 130; Dutch trade
in Java, 131; embassies to China,
131; influence in Japan, 162; strug-
gle against British in India, 165; land
in Australia, 175; first treaty with
Japan, 226; Pacific island possessions,
323, 324, 325, 326.

Dutch East India Company, 128; at-
tempts to establish monopoly of East-
ern trade, 131; later misfortunes, 131,
132.

Hongkong, 12; ceded to British, 191;
a centre of influence, 330.
Huang-Ti, 19 and n.

Huns, ancient movements of, 8, 43, 143.
Huntington, Ellsworth, and climatic
changes, 17.

Husayn, death of, and division in Islam,
69.

Hutukhtu, the, 265.

ILLITERACY in China, 358 and n.
Immigration problems, 347-351,353-
355. See China, Japan, and United
States, also Australia.

India, birthplace of Hinduism and Bud-
dhism, 10; absence of ancient records,
19, 20; prehistoric tribes, 20, 21;
beginnings of caste distinction, 29;
developments of Brahmanism,
37,

38;
rise of Jainism and Buddhism,
38, 39; possible influence of Persia
on religions, 38 and n.; Alexander,
39, 40, 41; semiforeign dynasties, 43;
Milinda, 43; influence of Western
drama, 52; influence of Greek art,
52, 53; Gupta dynasty, 62; Bud-
dhist pilgrimages, 63 and notes; Hin-
duism, 63; raided by Muhammadans,
74; invaded by Timur, 99; Babar,
founder of the Moghul Empire, 101
and n., 102; Humayun, 102, 103;
Akbar the Great, 103, 104; Diaz and
the "way to the Indies," 108; Vasco
da Gama, 108, 109; the Lusiads, 109;
Entrance of the Portuguese, 108-111;
sixteenth-century literature, 110; bull
of Pope Alexander VI, 111; Queen
Elizabeth sends Captain Hawkins to
the Moghul Court, 136, 137; Portu-
guese rivalry hampers trade privileges,
137; Jehangir and Shah Jehan, 137;
fortune turns to favor British, 138;
Elihu Yale at Madras, 138; Charnock
at Calcutta, 139; British come into
possession of Bombay, 139; decline
of Portuguese and Spanish enterprise,
139; the French East India Company,
139, 140; the last of the Great Mo-
ghuls, 140, 141; romantic lives of the
Moghul rulers, 162, 163; Rajput
heroism, 163; struggles of French
with English in India, 165; the "Black
Hole" of Calcutta, and its conse-
quences, 165; Lord Clive, 165, 166;
Warren Hastings, 166; opium for
export trade, 182; Burmah annexed,
199; North's Regulating Act and
Pitt's Government of India Act, 242;

London E. I. Co.'s monopoly ended,
243; Macaulay's ideas on education,
243; Lord Bentinck's reforms, 243,
244; the Brahmo Samaj, 244, 245;
Afghanistan War, 245; taking of
Sind, 245; conquest of the Sikhs,
245; annexation of Oudh, 245; the
Mutiny, 245, 246, 247; first Viceroy,
247; visit of Prince of Wales, 247;
Victoria proclaimed Empress, 247
and n.; famine years, 247, 248; In-
dian National Congress formed, 248;
Reform Acts, 248; Lord Curzon and
the partition of Bengal, 249; call
for "Swaraj," 250; Indian Councils
Act, 251; reunion of Bengal, 252;
new universities, 252; Gandhi in
South Africa, 252, 253; attack on
Viceroy, 253; All-India Moslem
League, 253,254; Indian loyalty
during Great War, 254, 255; at the
Peace Conference, 296; present polit-
ical situation, 330, 331, 332, 382 and
n., 383 and n.; present status of
opium problem, 387, 388, 389; public
education, 390, 391; work of medical
missions, 393; evangelistic work, 396,
397.

India, Farther, 169–172.

Indian tribes of America, Asiatic origin
of, 16, 142.

Indo-Bactrian rule in India, 43, 52.
Indo-China, 20; French, 170, 327, 328,
382.

Indo-Parthians, 43, 52.
Indo-Scythians, 42.

Iranian civilization, 29, 30. See Persia.
Iraq, new kingdom organized, 287;
British mandate for, 337, 338.
Ironclad ships, early use of, 96.
Islam, spread of faith of, 67, 68; divi-
sion in, 69; Golden Age of, 73; All-
India Moslem League, 253, 254: story
of Kaiser's conversion and call for a
Holy War, 278. See India and Turks.
Israelites, the, 26, 27.

Itinerario of John van Linschoten, 128.
Ivan, Prince of Georgia, 86.

to sovereign power, 77, 78, 79; strug-
gles of the clans for supremacy, 77;
the Wars of the Roses, 78; rise of
the Regents, 79, 80; saved from Tatars,
83, 84; described by Marco Polo,
86, 87; influenced by Buddhist sects,
89, 90; writings of Kenko, 90; the
Ashikaga Shoguns, 94, 95; their de-
position, 95; Hideyoshi, 95, 96, 97;
wars with China and Korea, 96, 97;
cuckoo poems, 97: coming of Portu-
guese, 112, 113; Saint Francis Xavier,
113, 114; conflict of missionary meth-
ods, 115, 116; Japanese claims in the
Philippines, 123; Spanish friars go
to Kyoto, 123; tragical end of their
mission, 123, 124; effect on Japan's
foreign policy, 124; Iyeyasu admits
Dutch under Will Adams, 128, 129,
134, 136; Iyemitsu imposes severe
restrictions on Dutch, 129, 130; rea-
sons for Japan's exclusion policy, 134,
135, 136; the Tokugawa Shoguns,
159-162; all foreign trade restrained,
159, 160; literary achievements, 161;
improvement of agriculture and fish-
eries, 161; advances in medicine, 162;
relations with Korea, 199, 200, 201;
Liao-tung peninsula gained, then ceded
back to China, 201; Japanese advo-
cates of opening the nation to Western
ideas, 222, 223; Commodore Perry
(1853) at Uraga Bay, 224; treaty with
U. S., 225, 226; treaties with England,
Holland, and Russia 226; first Ameri-
can consul, 226, 227; opening dis-
tricts to foreign trade and residence,
227; protest of conservatives, 227;
progressive ideas of other Japanese,
227, 228; conflicts with incoming
foreigners, 228, 229; Shogunate dis-
credited, 229; accession of Emperor
Mutsuhito, 230; end of the Shogunate,
230; the Charter Oath and early
attempts at reorganization, 231; Yedo
(Tokyo) new capital, 231; voluntary
ending of the old feudal system, 232;
railways, telegraphs, postal system,
newspapers, emancipation of the eta,
foreign journeys by Japanese states-
men, 232; the Satsuma rebellion,
233; formation of political parties,
233, 234; Ito Hirobume, 234; new
Constitution, 234, 235; insurrection
in Korea, 235, 236; war with China,
236, 237; treaty of alliance with Great
Britain, 237, 238; dissatisfaction with
terms of Treaty of Portsmouth after

Russo-Japanese War, 238, 239; Japan
recognized as a World Power, 239;
annexation of Korea, 239, 240; widen-
ing rift between Japan and U. S.,
240, 241; exclusion Acts by California
and by U. S., 256, 257, 258; death of
Emperor Meiji Tennō and suicide
of General Nogi, 258, 259; taking
of Tsingtao, 259; the Twenty-one
Demands on China, 260, 261; naval
operations in World War, 289, 290;
Peace Conference gives Pacific islands
to, 297; struggle with China at Peace
Conference, 299, 300; improvements
made in Korea, 306, 307; Korean
revolt suppressed, 307, 308; the Shan-
tung problem, 311, 312; Japan at
the Washington Conference, 314, 315,
316, 317, 318; Soviet diplomacy in,
322; legislation in U. S. against im-
migrants, 348, 349, 350, 351; present
trade conditions in China, 351; re-
sentment against U. S. immigration
Acts, 354, 355; present relations with
Russia, 362, 363; with China, 363,
364, 365; evils incidental to expanding
industry, 371, 372, 373; the land
problem, 373, 374; labor problems
and Socialism, 374, 375; welfare work,
375, 376; the earthquake and fire,
376, 377; popular feeling against
U. S., 378; extension of the elective
franchise, 378; shipping statistics,
385; Western influences on education,
392, 393; in medicine, 394, 395;
evangelistic work, 397, 398; the out-
look, 403.
Java, 324, 325, 326.
Jehangir, 137, 163.

Jehovah as a national God, 26 and n.
Jenghiz Khan, 11, 80, 81, 82, 280.
Jerusalem, 27; General Allenby at, 276.
Jesuits, service of, to Eastern civiliza-
tion, 114, 115, 116, 393, 394, 396.
Jewish people and kingdoms, 26, 27,
36, 37; Zionist movement, 286, 338,
339.

John Damascene, Saint, 70 n.
Judaism after the Captivity, 37.
Julian the Apostate, 64 and n.

KAABA, the, 66 and notes, 67.
Kanishka, 43-

Kelima, slogan of the, 65, 66, 68.
Keshub Chunder Sen, 244 and n., 245.
Khadijah, 67.

Khalifs, the, 68 and n., 69, 70, 72, 73,
74, 75, 280, 302 and notes.

Khiva, Kings of, 75.
Khyber Pass, the, 167.
Kipling, Rudyard (quoted), 5, 65.
Kohinoor, the, 101, 102.
Koran. See Quran.

Korea, 34, 83, 96; Christian missions
in, 199, 200; disagreements of China
and Japan over, 200, 201; independ-
ence, 201; Treaty of Shimonoseki,
201; coveted by Russia, 214; in-
surrection, 235, 236; Japanese pro-
tectorate, 239; popular revolts, 239;
annexation by Japan, 239, 240; prac-
tical advantages of Japanese control,
306, 307; protest of unreconciled
Koreans, 307, 308; severe measures
of Japan, 308; missionaries' attitude
toward Japanese in Korea, 307, 308.
Kotowing, 148 and n.
Kowloon, 194.

Kublai Khan, 83, 84, 87.

Kurdish massacre of Assyrian Christians,
277 and n.

Kyoto as capital of Japan, 77.

LADRONES, the, 119, 122 and n., 178.
Lama, the Grand (or Dalai), 158 and n.,
215, 330.

Lamaism, in Tibet, 157, 158.

Legaspi, Viceroy of the Philippines, 121,

Magellan, Ferdinand, 118, 119.
Mahmud, the Image-breaker, 74.
Malacca taken by Portuguese, 112;
by Dutch, 112; transferred to Great
Britain, 112.

Malay islands and States, early peoples
of, 21, 175; trade in spices with Por-
tugal, Holland, and England, 175;
the Straits Settlements and Federated
Malay States, 175, 332, 333, 334.
Mallock, Douglas (quoted), 14.
Manchus, the, 93; in China, 153, 154,
155, 156, 204, 205; end of the Imperial
dynasty, 262, 263, 264, 265.
Mandeville, Sir John, 85, 86.
Mani, dualism of, 64.
Manichæanism, 10, 60, 64.
Mansur, 73.

Maoris, the, 176, 177, 336.

Marathon, the Persians at, 36.
Marquesas Islands, 174, 328.

Medes, the, 25.

Medical missions in China, 393, 394;
in India, 393; in Japan, 394, 395.
Medina. See Madinah, Al-.

Mehemet Ali, 169 and n.

Melanesia (Black Islands), and their
people, 178; New Guinea and its
explorers, 178.

Mencius, 47.

Messianic hopes, political side of, 41.
Micronesia (the Little Islands), and its
people, 178.
Milinda, 43 and n.

Missionary work in the Orient, 390-399.
See also Jesuits.
Mithraism, 10, 65.

Moghul Emperors of India, 101 and л.,

102, 103, 104; end of their rule, 242, 243.
Mohammed. See Muhammad.
Mongols in thirteenth century, 8, 9; in
prehistoric India, 20; link with
Sumerians, 21; cattle-raiders, 80 and
n., 81; Jenghiz Khan, 80, 81, 82, 145;
defeat by Japanese, 83, 84; Ogdai
in Russia, 145; end of Mongol domi-
nation, 146; Eleuth (Oliut) Mongols
crushed by China, 149, 150; revolt,
with help from Russia, 265, 292, 293;
further conflict with China, 303, 304,
305, 306.

Morris, Robert, and American trade
with China, 181.