(3) imposes more than a nominal tax, levy, fine, fee, or other charge on any citizen as a consequence of the desire of such citizen to emigrate as described in paragraph (1),

and ending on the date on which the President determines that such country is no longer in violation of paragraph (1), (2), or (3). (b) After the date of the enactment of this Act, (A) a nonmarket economy country may participate in any progam of the Government of the United States which extends credits or credit guarantees or investment guarantees, and (B) the President may conclude a commercial agreement with such country, only after the President has submitted to the Congress a report indicating that such country is not in violation of paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of subsection (a). Such report with respect to such country shall include information as to the nature and implementation of its laws and policies and restrictions or discrimination applied to or against persons wishing to emigrate to the United States to join close relatives. The report required by this subsection shall be submitted initially as provided herein and, with current information, on or before each June 30 and December 31 thereafter, so long as such credits or guarantees are extended or such agreement is in effect.

(c) This section shall not apply to any country the products of which are eligible for the rates set forth in rate column numbered 1 of the Tariff Schedules of the United States on the date of enactment of this Act.

(d) During any period that a waiver is in effect with respect to any nonmarket economy country under section 402(c), the provisions of subsections (a) and (b) shall not apply with respect to such

country.

Department of State Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1982 and

Sec. 106 (96 Stat. 275)

1983

Sec. 106. Of the amounts authorized to be appropriated by paragraph (4) of section 102 of this Act, $1,500,000 shall be available for the fiscal year 1982 and $1,500,000 shall be available for the fiscal year 1983 only for the International Committee of the Red Cross to support the activities of the protection and assistance program for "political" detainees.

Sec. 108 (96 Stat. 275)

Sec. 108. (a) The Congress finds that

(1) a free press is vital to the functioning of free governments;

(2) Árticle 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights provides for the right to freedom of expression and to "seek, receive, and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers";

(3) the Constitution of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization provides for the promotion of "the free flow of ideas by word and image";

(4) the signatories of the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (Helsinki, 1975) pledged themselves "to facilitate the freer and wider dissemination of

information of all kinds, to encourage co-operation in the field of information and the exchange of information with other countries, and to improve the conditions under which journalists from one participating State exercise their profession in another participating State"; and

(5) government censorship, domination, or suppression of a free press is a danger to free men and women everywhere. (b) Therefore, it is the sense of the Congress that the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization should cease efforts to attempt to regulate news content and to formulate rules and regulations for the operation of the world press.

(c) The Congress opposes efforts by some countries to control access to and dissemination of news.

(d) The President shall evaluate and, not later than six months after the date of enactment of this Act, shall report to the Congress his assessment of—

(1) the extent to which United States financial contributions to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, and the extent to which the programs and activities of that Organization, serve the national interests of the United States;

(2) the programs and activities of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, especially its programs and activities in the communications sector; and

(3) the quality of United States participation in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, including the quality of United States diplomatic efforts with respect to that Organization, the quality of United States representation in the Secretariat of that Organization, and the quality of recruitment of United States citizens to be employed by that Organization.

Such report should include the President's recommendations regarding any improvements which should be made in the quality and substance of United States representation in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

Sec. 109 (22 USC 287c note)

Sec. 109. (a) None of the funds authorized to be appropriated by paragraph (2) of section 102 of this Act or by any other Act for "International Organizations and Conferences" may be used for payment by the United States of its contribution toward the assessed budget of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization if that organization implements any policy or procedure the effect of which is to license journalists or their publications, to censor or otherwise restrict the free flow of information within or among countries, or to impose mandatory codes of journalistic practice or ethics.

(b) Not later than February 1 of each year, the Secretary of State shall report to the Congress with respect to whether the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization has taken any action described in subsection (a) of this section.

Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1979

Sec. 603 (22 USC 2656 note)

Sec. 603. (a) The Congress finds that—

(1) news dissemination and the free flow of information across national boundaries are vital to international understanding and to healthy relations among countries; and

(2) recurring and reliable reports strongly indicate that in many countries foreign news correspondents are subject to governmental harassment and restriction, including the denial of access to legitimate news sources, the imposition of censorship, and detention, incarceration, and expulsion.

(b) It is therefore the sense of the Congress that the President should

(1) advise the appropriate officials of any foreign government which subjects foreign news correspondents to harassment and restrictions that the United States considers such mistreatment a significant and potentially damaging factor in overall relations of the United States with such country; and

(2) raise in appropriate international forums the issue of the treatment of foreign news correspondents, with a view toward gaining multilateral support of the legitimate right of such correspondents.

The Export Administration Act of 1979

Public Law 96-72 (S. 737), 93 Stat. 503, approved September 29, 1979, as amended by Public Law 96-533 (H.R 6942), 94 Stat. 3131, approved December 16, 1980; and by Public Law 97–145 (H.R. 3567), 95 Stat. 1727, approved December 29, 1981.

Section 6: Foreign Policy Controls

Sec. 6 (a)(4) In accordance with the provisions of section 10 of this Act, the Secretary of State shall have the right to review any export license application under this section which the Secretary of State requests to review.

Sec. 6(j) Crime Control Instruments.-(1) Crime control and detection instruments and equipment shall be approved for export by the Secretary only pursuant to a validated export license.

(2) The provisions of this subsection shall not apply with respect to exports to countries which are members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization or to Japan, Australia, or New Zealand, or to such other countries as the President shall designate consistent with the purposes of this subsection and section 502B of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.

Country Specific Provisions
Argentina

International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1981 Sec. 725 (22 USC 2370)

Sec. 725. (a) Section 620B of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is repealed.

(b) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, assistance may be provided to Argentina under chapter 2, 4, 5, or 6 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, credits (including participations in credits) may be extended and loans may be guaranteed with respect to Argentina under the Arms Export Control Act, defense ar

ticles and defense services may be sold to Argentina under the Arms Export Control Act, and export licenses may be issued to or for the Government of Argentina under section 38 of the Arms Export Control Act, only if the President has submitted to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a detailed report certifying that

(1) the Government of Argentina has made significant progress in complying with internationally recognized principles of human rights; and

(2) the provision of such assistance, credits, loan guarantees, defense articles, defense services, or export licenses is in the national interests of the United States.

(c) The Congress welcomes the actions of the Government of Argentina to adjudicate numerous cases of those detained under the national executive power of the Argentine Government, and the Congress hopes that progress will continue, especially with regard to providing information on citizens listed as "disappeared" and prisoners remaining at the disposition of the national executive power. In the process of making the determination required in paragraph (1) of subsection (b), among other things, the President shall consider

(1) efforts by the Government of Argentina to provide information on citizens identified as "disappeared"; and

(2) efforts by the Government of Argentina to release or bring to justice those prisoners held at the disposition of the national executive power (PEN).

Cambodia

International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1980 Sec. 717 (94 Stat. 3161)

None of the funds authorized to be appropriated by this Act may be used to provide assistance to the Governments of Cuba, Vietnam, or Cambodia. Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit food assistance or humanitarian assistance which is distributed directly to the people of Cambodia.

Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1979

Sec. 610 (22 USC 2151 note)

The Congress finds that reliable reports of events in Cambodia and Uganda attest to the existence of governmental practices in those countries of such systematic and extensive brutality as to require special notice and continuing condemnation by outside ob

servers.

(b) Recognizing the limited direct influence of the United States in Cambodia and Uganda, the Congress urges the President to move aggressively to support multilateral action by the United Nations and other international organizations, and to encourage bilateral action by countries having more extensive relations with Cambodia and Úganda, to bring an end to the brutal and inhumane practices of the governments of those two countries.

International Development and Food Assistance Act of 1978 Sec. 602 (22 USC 2151 note)

Sec. 602. Notwithstanding any other provision of law or of this Act, funds authorized to be appropriated in this Act shall not be

used for any form of aid, either by monetary payment or by the sale or transfer of any goods of any nature, to the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, Cambodia, or Cuba.

Chile

Foreign Assistance Act of 1973

Sec. 35 (22 USC 2151 note (1976))

It is the sense of the Congress that (1) the President should request the Government of Chile to protect the human rights of all individuals, Chilean and foreign, as provided in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Convention and Protocol Relating the Status of Refugees, and other relevant international legal instruments guaranteeing in the granting of asylum, safe conduct, and the humane treatment or release of prisoners; (2) the President should support international humanitarian initiatives by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and the International Committee of the Red Cross to insure the protection and safe conduct and resettlement of political refugees, the humane treatment of political prisoners, and the full inspection of detention facilities under international auspices; (3) the President should support and facilitate efforts by voluntary agencies to meet emergency relief needs; and (4) the President should request of the InterAmerican Commission on Human Rights to undertake an immediate inquiry into recent events occurring in Chile.

International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1981 Sec. 726 (22 USC 2370)

Sec. 726. (a) Section 406 of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976 (22 U.S.C. 2370 note) is repealed.

(b) Notwithstanding any other provision of law

(1) no assistance may be furnished under chapter 2, 4, 5, or 6 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to Chile,

(2) no sale of defense articles or services may be made under the Arms Export Control Act to Chile:

(3) no credits (including participation in credits) may be extended and no loan may be guaranteed under the Arms Export Control Act with respect to Chile; and

(4) no export licenses may be issued under section 38 of the Arms Export Control Act to or for the Government of Chile; unless and until the President submits to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a detailed report certifying

(A) that the Government of Chile has made significant progress in complying with internationally recognized principles of human rights;

(B) that the provision of such assistance, articles or services is in the national interest of the United States; and

(C) that the Government of Chile is not aiding or abetting international terrorism and has taken appropriate steps to cooperate to bring to justice by all legal means available in the United States or Chile those indicted by a United States grand jury in connection with the murders of Orlando Letelier and Ronni Moffitt.