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specifying its cargo and crew, names of its captain and owners, place of lading, port of registry, and destination.

Trust Territory Applies only to the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands which the United States administers under the terms of the trusteeship agreement concluded between this government and the U.N. Security Council (TIAS 1665), pursuant to authority granted by Joint Resolution of Congress on July 18, 1947 (61 Stat. 397;48 USC 1681). According to this agreement, the United States has "full powers of administration, legislation and jurisdiction" over the territory; the U.S. Government, however, does not claim "sovereignty."

unincorporated territory Any territory to which the Constitution has not been expressly and fully extended. The short form for the term is possession, but the lower case "territory" can also be correctly used to refer to an unincorporated territory.

validation Officially modifying a passport to make it valid for countries other than those for which it was originally issued.

validity period Period of time for which a passport is legally in effect.

verification

Certification by a diplomatic or consular officer that a passport is "good," that is valid, for the benefit of the authorities in a foreign country. Only valid, unexpired passports signed by the bearer may be verified.

visa

Permission granted by the government of a foreign country for an alien to enter and remain in that country for a certain period of time. A visa is usually in the form of an imprinted stamp affixed to one of the pages in a passport book.

waiver Permission granted to allow a U.S. citizen to enter into or depart from the United States without a valid passport.

A

Act of September 15, 1789, 81
Act of June 1, 1796, 14
Act of August 13, 1856, 31, 32,
37, 41, 117, 142, 200, 207,
214

Act of July 1, 1862, 214
Act of March 3, 1863, 142
Act of June 30, 1864, 214
Act of January 14, 1865, 214
Act of April 1, 1869, 142
Act of July 14, 1870, 214
Act of October 13, 1871, 214
Act of June 20, 1874, 214
Act of March 23, 1888, 214
Act of June 14, 1902, 31, 43, 51
Act of March 2, 1907, 41
Act of June 15, 1917 (Espionage

Act), 118, 200, 214
Act of June 4, 1920, 42, 122, 214
Act of September 22, 1922, 136
Act of July 3, 1926, 31, 41, 122
Act of July 1, 1930, 122, 214
Act of May 16, 1932, 122-123,
214

Act of June 21, 1941, 198

Act of February 10, 1956, 214
Act of July 26, 1968, 123, 214
Act of September 17, 1974, 214
Adams, John, 33

Adams, John Quincy, 89-90, 220
Adams, Philip, 215
Adee, Alvey A., 220
After-Hours Service, 177

Age of recipients (tables), 225-
227

Air crew member certificate,
137

Atkins, Philip, 17, 81

Alaska, 41, 53-54

Alden, Roger, 215

Alexander, F. Virginia, 217
Algiers, Treaty of, 1795, 14
Aliens:

Alien wives of U.S. citizens,
136
British (historic), 3-4

Aliens Continued

Foreign diplomatic represent-
atives, 90

French balloonist, 1793, 18,
21-23

Pilgrimage travel document,
105, 107

Special circumstances (prior
to 1856), 142

Travel documents, 105, 107,

135-136

Allegiance, oath of. See Oath of
allegiance

Amendment of passport, 51, 84,

167
American

Expeditionary
Forces certificates, 137
American National Red Cross,
98
American Samoa, 4, 41, 42-43,
163
American Standard Code for
Information Interchange
(ASCII), 210
Application, 55, 141-169
Abroad, 162

Affidavit form (see also Evi-
dence of identifying wit-
ness, infra; and Proof of
identity and nationality,
infra), 53, 141, 142, 148,
207
Alaska, 53-54
Aliens, 136

Basic law on, 162

Before whom executed, 51,
53, 55, 148, 162-163, 197,
200, 201-202, 207

By mail, 163, 210

By minor, 163

Colonial, 7-8

Communist affiliation, 156,
162, 208-209

Confederate states, 195, 196-

197

Evidence of identifying wit-
ness, 143, 148, 152, 154,
158, 161, 162, 167

Application-Continued
Fraudulent, 121, 163, 200,
201-202

FY 1962-FY 1975 (graph), 218
General instructions, 1869,
142-143
Hawaii, 53

Naturalized citizens, 143,
145-146, 148, 159, 162

1975 form, 164-167

Oath of allegiance. See Oath
of allegiance

Official passport, 94-95
Parents' name and birth-
place, 151, 156, 157, 159,
160, 165

Peace Corps, 112

Persons born abroad, 65, 68,
156, 157, 165

Persons liable to military
duty, 142, 186, 187

Photographs (see also Photo-
graphs), 80-81

Previous passports, 156
Professional entertainers,
112, 114

Proof of identity and nation-
ality, 32, 136, 141, 143,
148, 166, 197

Renewal, 121

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Bichard, Pierre, 13
Black, Jeremiah S., 220
Blaine, James G., 220
Blanchard, Jean Pierre, 18, 21-
23

Blank passports, 63
Bourne, Sylvanus, 32, 39
Brist, George L., 216, 217
British Foreign Office, 4
Bruen, William, 25

Bryan, William Jennings, 80
Buchanan, James, 220
Buhrman, Parker W., 217
Bureau of Engraving and
Printing, 171

Businessman's passports, 71

C

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Determination of abroad, 37,
133

Of recipient, 1950-1974 (ta-
ble), 224

Passport as evidence of, 4, 55,
102, 137, 143, 156
Through naturalization of
father or husband, 143,
145-146, 148, 159, 162
Civil War (see also Confederate
States), 181, 183–197
Oath of allegiance, introduc-
tion, 163, 207

Passage through Union
Army lines, 185, 187
Civil War (Spain, 1937-1938),
202

Clay, Henry, 220
Clayton, John M., 220
Clergymen, 112

Coast Guard, 109

Code of Federal Regulations,

169

Cohen v. Rogers, 169
Collective passports, 132, 133
Colonial, 7-12, 18

British travel pass, 9, 13, 18,
19

Connecticut, 18, 19
Fees, 7, 12

Massachusetts, 182
Seamen, 109

South Carolina, 13
Travel control pass, 182
Virginia, 8-9, 10-12

Communist affiliation, 156, 162,
208-209

Confederate states, 181, 187–
195, 196-197
Agents, 187

Ladies' passports, 194, 195
Regular passports, 192-193
Connecticut, 18-20
Cooper, Roy M., 215
Cooper, S., 194

Counterfeiting, 68, 200

Of Roman travel documents,
1
Countries to be visited (see also
Travel control), 26, 63, 64,
148, 149, 153, 158, 161, 162,
165

Diplomatic passports, 95, 100,
104

Fraudulent information, 202
Courier passports, 114, 115, 116
Cover:

Bicentennial, 72, 75

1917-1969, 60–71 passim

Cox, Thomas C., 215

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Department of Foreign Affairs,

9
Department of State (see also
Secretary of State and un-
der Issuance authority), 9
Determination of citizenship,
132, 135

Protocol Office, 132
"Departmental" passports, 41
Dependents, 39, 90, 94, 98, 142,
143, 156, 159, 164, 180

Of enemy diplomats, 132
Of military personnel, 108–
109

Of naturalized citizens, 143
Peace Corps, 112
Derivation of term, 2
Description of bearer (see also
Application: Proof of iden-
tity and nationality and
Identification), 29, 32, 53,
63, 68, 71, 72, 141, 142
Earliest issued, 61, 207.
Examples, 40, 48-50, 52, 66-
75 passim, 102, 143-164
passim

Devanne, Jean, 13
Dexter, F. Gordon, 116
Dickins, Acting Secretary of
State, 117

Diplomatic and consular offi-
cers abroad (see also under
Issuance authority):
Emergency passport fees,
178

Instant Passport Photo Sys-
tem, 211

Modernization of passport

procedures, 206

Processing equipment, 88,
172

Service passports, 41, 53, 135
Verification by, 181

Diplomatic passports, 71, 79,

95-98, 209
Courier, 115
Courtesy, 95

Passeport diplomatique, 90,
95, 96, 97
Numbering, 74, 77
U.S. Presidents, 98
Validity, 95, 98
Visas, 100, 101, 102
Direct return to U.S., 180
Duncan, Isadora, 64

Dutith, Etienne, 38, 39

E

Early historic, 1-5

Emergency, national, 198-199
Emergency certificates of reg-
istration, 136–137

Emergency passports, 41, 53
Instant Passport Photo Sys-
tem, 211

Refusal of passport or
waiver, 178-179

Waiver of passport, 177, 178,
179, 210

Enemy diplomats' documents,
128-133

Enemy territory, protection in,
132, 135
Entertainers, 112

Espionage Act (June 15, 1917),
118, 200, 214

Evarts, William M., 220
Everett, Edward, 220
Executive order, April 6, 1907,
121

Executive order, January 12,
1915, 122

Executive order, 1916, 122
Experimental passports, 204

F

Family. See Dependents

Fees (see also No-fee pass-
ports), 47, 53, 117-119, 143,
162, 167

After-Hours Service, 177
Colonial, 7, 12

Emergency waiver of pass-
ports, 178, 179, 210
Execution fees, 47, 53, 108,
117-118, 162, 214
Insular possessions, 41-42,
47, 53, 55

Legislative history (table),
214

Payment method, 118-119
Recording collection of, 174,
209

Renewal, 118, 210, 214
Special passports, 90

Waiver of fees, 177, 178-179
Fish, Hamilton, 220

Flournoy, Richard W., Jr., 63,
216

Foreign diplomatic representa-
tives, 90, 130

Foreign Service passports, 74
Format, 59-74, 148, 209-210
American arms, cut of, 59
Applications, 141, 148-150,
156-162

Diplomatic passports, 71, 74,
77, 79, 97, 209

Issued abroad, 74, 88
Laissez-passer, 130

Military personnel and de-
pendents, 108

Nansen passports, 127
1780-1917, 59-63

1917-1926, 63-65, 84, 207-208
1926-1928, 65-68
1928-1932, 68
1932-1941, 68

1941-1956, 68, 71
1956-1960, 71
1961-1975, 71-72
1975, 164-167
1976, 72, 74

Oath of allegiance, 168
Official passports, 94
Forrest, Richard, 215
Forsyth, John, 220
Foster, John W., 220
France:

Bayeaux memorial service,
June 1955, 105

Passport to U.S. citizen is-
sued and signed by Louis
XVI, 32, 34-37

Treaty of 1778, 9, 12
Franklin, Benjamin, 32, 33, 34,
35
Fraudulent (see also Security

measures to prevent
fraud), 26, 31, 37, 199-202
Alteration or duplication, 65,
68, 200-201

Fraud in procurement, 121,
163, 201-202
Frelinghuysen, Frederick T.,
220

French, diplomatic language,
14, 32, 33

G

General Accounting Office, 174

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