cates himself from the services of the church and the ministrations of her ministers. H. T. ELLACOMBE. Clyst St. George.

99

Shakspeare Emendations (Vol. v., pp. 410. 436. 554.). In the passage discussed (but not to my mind satisfactorily settled) by MR. SINGER and A. E. B., there is another difficulty. "I am put to know seems an awkward phrase for "I must needs know," which, as A. E. B. justly says, must be the meaning. Would it not be somewhat clearer if read, "I am not to know," i. e. "I am not now to learn?" This emendation is so much in the style of those in Mr. Collier's folio, that I think it worth offering.

I wish I could offer anything as plausible instead of "all at once," in the passage in As You Like It (discussed Vol. v., p. 554.), which I believe was originally some single word, a climax to "insult and excite." All at once seems to me not merely surplusage, but almost nonsense; but it has hitherto passed unquestioned, except by a very slight quere of Steevens. C.

Bronze Medals (Vol. v., p. 608.).-6. Laura Corsi was the wife of Jean Vincent Salviati, Marquis of Montieri, who died November 26, 1693. She was the mother of several sons; Salviati is one of the oldest Florentine families. It appears in history as far back as A.D. 1200.

4. As to Aragonia, I have no doubt this alludes to the celebrated Mary of Aragon, sister of the no less famous Joan of Aragon, who was the mother of that Marc Antony Colonna whose name is bound up with the battle of Lepanto. They were both daughters of Ferdinand of Aragon, Duke of Montalto, third natural son of Ferdinand King of Naples. Mary became the wife of Alphonso d'Avalos, one of Charles V.'s best generals. Brautome says he met her when she was near sixty, and even then her autumn surpassed all the springs and summers in the room. Thuan (ad ann. 1552) speaks of the island of Ischia as chiefly remarkable for her retreat: "Maxime Mariæ Arragonia Avali Vastii viduæ secessu nobilem." Jerome Ruscelli collected together all the pieces of poetry written on her by the wits of the day. It was printed at Venice in 1552, 4to., by Griffins. He calls her the archetype of beauty.

2. MR. BOASE appears to be right in his conjecture about Conestagius. There is another work by the same author, Historia della Guerre della Germaniæ inferiori di Jeronimo Conestagio Gentilhuomo Genovese, published at Venice, 1614, and at Leyden, 1634. C. K. W.

Baxter (Vol. vi., p. 86.).—If my memory serves me, R. G. will find extracts of Baxter's blasphemies concerning Christ's Long Parliament, and the regicides sitting with Him therein, in Sikes on Parochial Communion. I do not remember having read

there, that he expunged the passages after the Restoration; but Leslie, in his Snake in the Grass, charges the Quakers, Fox and Burrough, with expunging the fierce and warlike language from their books, in the editions printed after 1660, when the sword was taken away from the saints, and using, from thenceforth, a language of peace. The editions printed between 1650 and 1660 are the valuable ones. A. N.

Meaning of "slow" in Goldsmith's "Traveller" (Vol. v., p. 135.).—MR. CORNISH has given a wrong version of the anecdote relative to the above word, putting a piece of nonsense into Johnson's mouth which he never uttered. Johnson thus tells the story himself in Boswell:

"Chamier once asked him what he meant by 'slow,' the last word in the first line of The Traveller:

'Remote, unfriended, melancholy, slow :' Did he mean tardiness of locomotion? Goldsmith, who would say something, without consideration answered, Yes.' I was sitting by, and said, 'No, sir; you do not mean tardiness of locomotion: you mean that sluggishness of mind which comes upon a man in soli

tude.' Chamier believed then that I had written the line as much as if he had seen me write it."

This affords a curious illustration of the saying, that poets, like prophets and the utterers of oracles, often do not understand their own words.

A "slow fellow," in school phrase, means a mopish unsocial person; and "slow" is applied to anything stupid or tiresome. JARLTZBERG.

Bells on Horses' Necks (Vol. vi., p. 54.).—This custom still exists in parts of Worcestershire and Herefordshire, where the two counties join. Four or five bells of good size are suspended under a frame of wood, which is covered with worsted fringe, and carried by the leader horse.

This practice is of use to denote the approach of a team in any of the numerous winding lanes, which, though adding to the beauty of the landscape by their thick hedges and lofty elms, yet, being narrow and thus shut in, do not allow of two waggons passing at every part. J. D. A.

Bells on horses' necks are seen occasionally in North Lincolnshire. In bygone times they were fastened to the harness of horses, to give notice of their approach, as the roads were at that time without stone, and consequently so bad that the drivers could not turn upon the side with much expedition.

K. P. D. E.

The custom of hanging bells on the necks of horses, inquired after by A. C., obtains in most of the counties of England. I have notes of having observed it in Derbyshire, Cheshire, Nottinghamshire, Leicestershire, Yorkshire, Shropshire, Lancashire, Oxfordshire, Staffordshire, Warwickshire, Devonshire, Cornwall, Cambridgeshire, Northamp

Burial in unconsecrated Ground (Vol. v., pp. 320. 404.).-Your numerous correspondents who have written on this subject, seem to have overlooked two notable cases in point, which occurred some time ago in this neighbourhood:-the one that of John Trigg, whose eccentric will is given p. 1325. of Hone's Every Day Book, whose coffin is now to be seen placed on the beams of a barn at Stevenage; the other that of Richard Tristram, who was buried in a field in the parish of Ippolitts. The gravestone marking the resting-place of Tristram was, till quite lately, a lion of the neighbourhood; but a sacrilegious farmer, annoyed at the injury done to his hedges by the visitors to the tomb, has either removed the stone, or sunk it below the level of the ground. Local tradition assigns a singular cause to their burial in these spots. It is stated that they were shocked at the unceremonious way in which the sexton in a neighbouring churchyard treated the remains disinterred whilst digging a tomb, and therefore they left the most stringent injunctions that their burial might place them beyond the reach of similar usage. L. W.

I beg to add to your list of bodies deposited in unconsecrated places, 1. "The Miller's Tomb," on Highdown Hill, near Worthing, some notice of which may be seen in Hone's Every Day Book, vol. iv. p. 1392. 2. The leaden coffin enclosing the body of one Thomas Trigg, a farmer, of Stevenage, Herts, which is deposited (according to his will) on a tie-beam of the roof of a building which was once his barn, but now belongs to a public-house in the above place. It is still exhibited to the curious by the hostler. 3. The coffin with the corpse (unless both are utterly decayed) of another eccentric character (whose name I forget), which lies on a table in a summer house in Northamptonshire, somewhere between Towcester and Green's Norton. J. R. M., M. A. Canongate Marriages (Vol. v., p. 370.).In the first volume of the Grenville Papers is a letter from Mr. Jenkinson to Mr. Grenville, which deserves the attention of R. S. F. of Perth. Mr. Jenkinson informs his friend that, love getting the better of duty, Lord George Lennox had set out with Lady Louisa Ker, to be married at Edinburgh. The letter bears date 1759. Your correspondent's Query refers to "about the year 1745."

WILLIAM BROCK.

Foubert Family (Vol. vi., p. 55.). — A Treatise composed by Thos. Foubert, Author of several curious Performances of Mechanism, London, 1757. This notice of the works of Foubert is in the centre of a highly embellished frontispiece, at the foot of which are two elegant female figures: one seated with compasses fixed across the globe; the other carries a scroll and pencils, while portraits and books strew the ground. At the head of all this, standing on a plinth, is a foot-soldier in a cocked hat, with musket, and in marching order, sword as well as bayonet. The plinth carries, "Pro Aris et Focis;" the whole surmounted and surrounded by emblematical devices, the arts and sciences, with a great display of drums, guns, flags, and all the "pride, pomp, and circumstance" of war; and a graceful festoon of fiddles and French horns. At the foot of the print we may presume the artist insisted upon the addition of a line in French, thus:

"Traité composé par Th. Foubert, Londres, 1757. A. Walker, delin. et sculp." . J. H. A.

Andrew's the Astronomer (Vol. iv., pp. 74. 162.).— For the sake of its preservation, and as an addition to the notices that have already appeared, I send the epitaph inscribed to the memory of Mr. Andrews, from the New Burial Ground, Royston, where he was interred:

"In memory of Mr. Henry Andrews, who, from a limited education, made great progress in the Liberal Sciences, and was justly esteemed one of the best Astronomers of the Age. He departed this life, in full assurance of a better, January 26th, 1820, aged 76 years."

Andrews built a house in the High Street, Royston, in 1805, and in it he spent the remainder of his life. He paid the builders for the work as they progressed in it, they being in poor circumstances. One of their receipts, penned by Andrews, is in my possession.

I

For the information of the curious in portraits, may add that Mr. W. H. Andrews of Royston has recently caused a fresh impression of his father's portrait to be struck off.

Knightsbridge.

H. G. D.

Blomefield, Collectanea Cantab.) was placed upon the foundation stone of the chapel of my own college - the College of SS. Margaret and Bernard, commonly called Queens' College, Cambridge: "Erit Dominæ nostræ Margarettæ Dominus in Reugium et Lapis iste in Signum."

This stone was laid by Sir John Wenlock, April 15, 1448. The Margaret of the inscription is, of course, Margaret of Anjou, consort of Henry VI. And here let me note, that we claim the title of Queens' College, not Queen's College: Margaret of Anjou, in 1446, and Elizabeth Widville, consort of Edward IV., in 1465, being_our foundresses. W. SPARROW SIMPSON, B.A.

The Word" Handbook" (Vol. vi., p. 72.). This word must be much older than "nineteen years," and perhaps than Sir Harris Nicolas's whole life.

In "1825" Murray_published a Handbook, or concise Dictionary of Terms used in the Arts and Sciences, and a most useful book it is. The author, Mr. Hamilton, in the preface uses the word as if then of well-known meaning. H. T. ELLACOMBE.

Dissertation on a Salt-box (Vol. vi., p. 54.).—The jeu d'esprit to which your correspondent J. WN. alludes may be found in a small volume entitled Facetia Cantabrigienses. It is there ascribed to the late Professor Porson, and is said to have been written as a satire on the mode of examination pursued at Oxford. JOHN BOOKER.

Prestwich.

as the composition of Dr. Donne. He appears to have forgotten that he had inserted it in his first series as the production of Francis Davison.

I do not see that Dr. Donne's claim to this Psalm ought to be disturbed. I have several well edited selections of sacred poetry before me, in all of which it is given to that author. Furthermore, in a small volume entitled Poems by John]· it is contained among the " Divine Poems" (p. 345.) [onne], with Elegies on the Author's Death, London, printed by M. F. for John Marriot, &c.,

1635.

EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.

Cromwell Family (Vol. v., p. 489.).—No answer has as yet been given to J. G. C.; permit me to inform him, that persons of that name were rather numerous in Hammersmith and Kensington in the last century, but I cannot say whether the person mentioned resided there or not. A note to Mr. Faulkner, in whose local histories many notices of the name occur, would doubtless elicit the necessary information. This venerable topographer still lives (I am happy to say) in Smith Street,

Chelsea.

H. G. D.

Royal "We" (Vol. v., p. 489.).—-Bishop Nicolson, in his English Historical Library, informs us that

"The first of our kings that wrote in the plural number was King John; his predecessors writing in the singular. They used Ego in their grants; and this king, with those that followed him, Nos."

"The mortgager and mortgagee differ the one from the other, not more in length of purse, than the jester and jestee do in that of memory. But in this the comparison between them runs, as the scholiasts call it, upon all-fours; which, by the by, is upon one or two legs more than some of the best of Homer's can pretend to."

It would seem then that this use of the expression " on all-fours" is to be found in some of the scholia to the Iliad or Odyssey. Its origin, I conceive, is not difficult of explanation. As we find among the old commentators on Greek poets, an irregular line described as "metro claudicante," so also an imperfect simile might easily be said to limp upon three legs, and a perfect one to run upon four. But this is merely conjecture. ERICA.

Warwick.

Francis Davison and Dr. Donne (Vol. vi., p. 49.). The editor of Select Poetry, chiefly Devotional, of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth, printed a supplementary volume, entitled Select Poetry, chiefly Sacred, of the Reign of King James I. (Cambridge, Deighton, 1847). Here, on p. 15., he prints the fine nervous version of the 137th Psalm, correctly,

Incantations at Cross Roads (Vol. vi., p. 74.).— The sign of the cross has ever been considered in early times as the best preservative against "incantation," witchcraft, and all Satanic influence. The passage from Plato alludes probably to the form of incantation used by the Greeks, and thence Iderived to the students of the black art even so late as the seventeenth century, as may be seen in Scott, Glanville, and others; where mention is made of "waxen images stuck with pins," or placed before a slow fire; and as the pins were moved in any part of the image, pain was felt in that part by the person represented, or, as the wax melted, the person pined away. As to their being placed "where three roads meet," it must

THE LITERARY MISCELLANY. Vols. VI. VII. VIII. IX. XIII. XIV. and XV. Stourport, 1812.

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Soon after the publication of the first two volumes of Mr. Kemble's invaluable collection of Anglo-Saxon Charters, Professor Leo, of Halle, who had paid great attention to tracing private life (whether social or family) in Germanic communities as far back as possible, and consequently to the mode of life and stamp of thought of the Anglo-Saxons, as shown in their laws; finding in these charters much elucidation of what was before obscure to him, republished the Rectitudines Singularum Personarum from Mr. Thorpe's admirable edition of Anglo-Saxon Laws and Institutes, and prefixed to it some most valuable preliminary dissertations. Of these the one dedicated to the names of places among the Anglo-Saxons is of peculiar interest to the English reader, who must therefore be under great obligations to Mr. Benjamin Williams for undertaking, with the concurrence of Professor Leo, to prepare an English translation of it. This has just been issued under the title of a Treatise on the Local Nomenclature of the Anglo-Saxons, as exhibited in the Codex Diplomaticus Ævi Saxonici, translated from the German of Professor H. Leo, of Halle, with additional Examples and Explanatory Notes; and all who are interested in the local history of their respective neighbourhoods will find much to amuse and instruct them in this unpretending little volume.

Messrs. Rivington have completed their valuable, handsome, and complete edition of The Works and Correspondence of the Right Honorable Edmund Burke, by the publication of the seventh and eighth volumes, which contain the articles of charge against Warren Hastings, and Burke's speeches on his impeachment. The last volume has in addition, what is too much neglected in the present day, a very complete index to the collection. The work, as we have before observed, is peculiarly well timed, and we should be glad to see proof in the coming parliament that the writings of this great man have been read and re-read by many Honorable Members.

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