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A Linderman Automatic Device RACTICALLY every new idea in the manufacture of furniture has been conceived by experience and experiment. Without these two elements we would still be laboring under obsolete conditions.

We know beyond a doubt that there has been a vast number of improvements in machines for every department of the furniture factory and that it's a wise plan for the president, manager and superintendent to keep in touch with the latest developments that are being brought out by the different manufacturers. Any one who has followed the woodworking industry will not have to look back very far to see the superiority of presentday methods; but after summing it all over, the improvements made on machines far exceed the developments. That is, there have been very few methods, when compared with improvement, that have distinctively revolutionized previous operations in working up lumber.

There is, perhaps, no method that has caused as much attention and comment in the woodworking line as the Linderman automatic ripper, jointer, gluer, clamper and sizer, because it revolutionizes every precedent in manufacturing lumber. Instead of the several operations and machines required to bring the jointed panel to its finished width, as ripping, jointing, gluing, clamping and

sizing to width, it performs the work required previously by several machines at one antomatic operation with facilities for taking care of every advantage in the saving of lumber, glue and waste, in addition to a large reduction in labor costs.

The question of whether the double cut tapered wedge dovetail joint is satisfactory on solid or exposed furniture can no longer be debatable as an investigation of the solid and exposed mahogany, quartered oak, gum and other kinds of woods turned out on the Linderman machine at the plants of the Empire Mfg. Co., Rockford, Ill.; Gunn Furniture Co., Grand Rapids, Mich.; W. K. Cowan & Co., Chicago; Wisconsin Furniture Co., Milwaukee, Wis.; Crescent Furniture Co., Evansville, Ind.; Indian Head Table Co., Nashua, N. H.; J. K. Rishel Furniture Co., Williamsport, Pa.; White Furniture Co., Mebane, N. C.; A. B. Atkin Co., Knoxville, Tenn., and fifty others demonstrates the value of the tapered wedge dovetail joint welded lumber on the best lines of solid furniture.

The Linderman machine, by its economy, means better manufacturing facilities and when a small manufacturer of furniture using but 1,350 feet of lumber per day can make a saving of 14 per cent. in the lumber purchases on a year's output, a saving of 60 per cent. in their glue bills and 85 per cent. of the labor of ripping,

jointing, gluing, clamping and sizing, there seems to be but one answer a valuable and important improvement has been made in the manufacture of furniture.

The Linderman is a universal process, adapting itself to the peculiar conditions of every factory. The illustration here shows how several factories have saved the operation of squaring the ends of panels when edge strips are used. This new squaring table, or fence, by the aid of a rip saw in front of the dovetailing heads, straightens the edge of the panel, putting on a cleat or edge strip at the same operation and with the new forming dovetailing head used for jointing cross grain, this class of work can be done practically at the rate of 40 feet per minute.

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A Train Loaded With Red Gum Lumber RECORD-breaking shipment of red gum lumber passed through Memphis, on April 17th, enroute from the largest hardwood mill in the world, that of the Lamb-Fish Lumber Co., Charleston, Miss., to Pensacola, Fla., where it will be loaded on a specially chartered steamer for Egypt. This shipment consists of 541,000 feet, loaded in thirty 40-foot box cars, and was brought to Memphis over the Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad, and moved from Memphis to Pensacola via the Louisville & Nashville railroad.

This is a demonstration of the potential wealth in the forests of our Southern states, as this class of hardwood grows extensively in the southern section of the Mississippi valley and Atlantic coast. Red gum is at last taking its rightful place among the useful and beautiful hardwoods of the world, where it belongs, because of its fine texture, enduring quality, freedom from warp and stain, natural beauty and ease with which it lends itself to polish.

About forty manufacturers of red gum recently formed an organization for the exploitation of this lumber. They have opened headquarters in the New Bank of Commerce & Trust Co. building, in Memphis, and are demonstrating the fact that "It pays to advertise." Like all big undertakings, the furtherance of this movement does not end with promoting the interests of gum manufacturers alone, but benefits every acre of timber land from which this wood is cut.

It is significant and not at all surprising that this, the largest shipment of red gum ever made, is destined to Egypt. Egypt! That land that has taken the initiative from the dawn of civilization. American lumber manufacturers are delighted to note that she still has the habit of building on a large scale, and in placing this order for red gum, she has exercised a discriminating taste, cultivated for so many centuries. Egypt knows how to build. Before you assert that this country ever groped in darkness, look at the face of the Sphinx, which was old when history began, and which bears the impress of an intelligent people who built temples that mock at time and smile at our puny efforts at architecture; made glass three thousand years before England learned the art, and employed mathematics in architecture that we have only recently discovered. Here we are reminded of Solomon's temple, and are impressed with the wisdom and esthetic taste he exercised in selecting for interior finish wood from the forest of Lebanon, a cedar that very much resembles gum in color, texture, etc. "He built the walls of his house with cedar, both the floor of the house and the walls of the ceiling, and he covered them

on the inside with wood, and covered the floor of the house with planks of fir. Within-there was no stone seen." Egypt has something yet to teach the world. She knows how to market, as is evidenced by importing red gum from one of our Southern states, when her next door neighbor and "family connection," India, abounds in mahogany, teak, ebony, rosewood, etc., and just up the river Nile lie the great forests of Central Africa, and nearby the hardwood district of Guinea.

machine is illustrated with this. The manufacturer of this machine has good reason to be proud of it. There is no other machine made for which it is claimed and guaranteed that it will be successful in handling any and all adhesives. This machine is the result of many years' experience in building glue spreading machines and in keeping pace with changing conditions and requirements. It is made by Chas. E. Francis Co., Rushville, Ind., who are well known to readers as manufacturers of equipment for gluing, veneering and built-up stock work. In this new glue spreader, the value of which has already been demonstrated by actual use in representative factories under various conditions, the manufacturer has successfully embodied all the peculiar requirements of cold or vegetable glue. The machine is likewise a success with animal glue, casein, silicate of soda and other adhesives. It is an extra heavy machine, nicely designed, and of first-class construction. The illustration shows the scraper for the lower roll (a very important part of the vegetable glue spreader) hinged outward to show its construction. This machine has many unique features and is a model in design and construction throughout.

Those who are using animal glue may install this machine and be prepared to change over in whole or in part to any vegetable glue at any time desired, or vice versa, which means that any and all inconveniences will be avoided. Any further information will be supplied by addressing the manufacturers.

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Changed his Connection

RANK J. DONAHUE, who for a number of years has been district sales manager for the Glidden Varnish Company in the state of Michigan, has connected himself with the Van Camp & Donahue Company, with headquarters at 673 Canton Ave., Detroit, Mich. Mr. Donahue needs no introduction to the trade in the state of Michigan; that fact, coupled with the reputation of the concern that is back of him, and the strong line of varnishes for the manufacturing as well as for the architectural trades that he is representing, we are sure will cause him to be courteously received at all times.

KNOW

PERIOD FURNITURE

By Buying and Reading

W. L. KIMERLY'S BOOK

Published by

GRAND RAPIDS FURNITURE RECORD CO.

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T IS important for us to recognize in the very beginning of any consideration of the question of costs, that a cost system does not unfold itself as a logical consequence of starting a business with a bookkeeping department. A cost department is

an entirely different unit. A cost system is not based upon the pre-determined scheme of things which flow from one to another in an inevitable

and logical sequence. A cost system is the reflection of a man's mind, of his manner of thought, of his education, of his sympathy, of his training and experience, of his ability to manage, to analyze, to synthesize, to coördinate, to harmonize, to grasp things in detail and in the large. We understand that cost keeping at its best is an efficient method of determining exactly what time, work and material is put into the production of any marketable energy, commodity or service. Do not make the mistake of thinking that manufacturing is limited to things that you can weigh on scales or measure with a foot-rule. The electric light company manufactures a product as well as the automobile manufacturer. The railroad company manufactures a product as well as the sugar refinery. The banker manufactures a product as well as the hat manufacturer. The department store manufactures a product, and so does the doctor, the lawyer and the advertising manager.

purpose of any cost-keeping system is to find measures for many things that can be measured by the ordinary bookkeeping processes, or by the mere senses of careful foremen, and thereby arrive at standards of usefulness

The mere fact that in some of these a definite standard of measurement has not been obtained, does not preclude the idea that their work can and must be measured and its value approximated. Therefore, no man should adopt the attitude that they can't be measured. Some people think that advertising can't be measured. This is not because it can't be measured-it is because their education, their experience, has not progressed far enough to give them the ability to measure it. The savage seeing the lightning in the sky would probably find it impossible to imagine that the electric fluid could ever be measured, but it is being measured. The main

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and value and determine relative costs of production for guidance in forming policies.

If a cost system is a reflection of a man's mind, or of the minds of a number of men, it becomes very important to find out what kind of men they are.

There are three fundamental types of men in the world. There is the strenuous type, the systematic type and the efficient type. These types fall into divisions, determined by the methods they use and all of their mental and physical equipment. All these types are reflected in cost keeping systems. The strenuous man, for instance, is the hardworking type. He may be called the "sweat" type. His philosophy in life is embodied in "Do it now." He is a doer worker of muscular type. We have had thousands of them in our factories as managers. They are busy-busy-ness is business with them. They are the men who get down to the office at six o'clock in the morning and work until ten o'clock at night. They never think of the factory hygiene, of lighting, of plant planning, of functionalizing, of standards, of education. Their ideal is hard work. They take literally the proposition that man must gain his livelihood by the sweat of his brow. When everybody worked that way, of course, strenuosity was the order of the day. It didn't make any difference-the world was on a sweat basis. Then the man who was the most strenuous made the most money in feeding a hungry market. It was brute force-physical stamina-that won. One unskilled laborer was as good as any other unskilled laborer. But when skill came into competition with the man at the bench; when brains, forethought, planning and thinking came into competition with the strenuous manager, then came the demand for protec