ALBANIA

[Signed at Tirana, April 5, 1932; ratification advised by the Senate, February 6, 1935; ratified by the President, March 13, 1935; ratified by Albania, April 12, 1935; ratifications exchanged at Tirana, July 22, 1935; proclaimed July 29, 1935.]

Article I

Nationals of the United States who have been or shall be naturalized in Albanian territory shall be held by the United States to have lost their former nationality and to be nationals of Albania.

Reciprocally, nationals of Albania who have been or shall be naturalized in territory of the United States shall be held by Albania to have lost their original nationality and to be nationals of the United States.

The word "national," as used in this convention, means a person owing permanent allegiance to, or having the nationality of, the United States or Albania, respectively, under the laws thereof.

The word "naturalized," as used in this convention, refers only to the naturalization of persons of full age, upon their own applications, and to the naturalization of minors, through the naturalization of their parents. It does not apply to the acquisition of nationality by a woman through marriage. Minor children of persons naturalized in either country shall not acquire the nationality of that country until they shall have established their habitual residence there.

Article II

Nationals of either country, who have or shall become naturalized in the territory of the other, as contemplated in Article I, shall not, upon returning to the country of former nationality, be punished for the original act of emigration, or for failure to respond to calls for military service accruing after bona fide residence was acquired in the territory of the country whose nationality was obtained by naturalization.

Article III

If a national of either country, who comes within the purview of Article I, shall renew his residence in his country of origin without the intent to return to

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that in which he was naturalized, he shall be held to have renounced his naturalization.

The intent not to return may be held to exist when a person naturalized in one country shall have resided more than two years in the other; but this presumption may be overcome by evidence to the contrary.

Article IV

A person born in the territory of one party of parents who are nationals of the other party, and having the nationality of both parties under their laws, shall not, if he has his habitual residence, that is, the place of his general abode, in the territory of the state of his birth, be held liable for military service or any other act of allegiance during a temporary stay in the territory of the other party (Treaty Series No. 892).

AUSTRIA

[The treaty between the United States and Austria establishing friendly relations signed at Vienna, August 24, 1921; ratification advised by the Senate, October 18, 1921; ratified by the President, October 21, 1921; ratified by Austria, October 8, 1921; ratifications exchanged at Vienna, November 8, 1921; and proclaimed November 17, 1921, contains the following provision:]

Article I

Austria undertakes to accord to the United States and the United States shall have and enjoy all the rights, privileges, indemnities, reparations or advantages specified in the aforesaid Joint Resolution of the Congress of the United States of July 2d, 1921, including all the rights and advantages stipulated for the benefit of the United States in the Treaty of St. Germain-en-Laye which the United States shall fully enjoy notwithstanding the fact that such Treaty has not been ratified by the United States. The United stipulated in the provisions of that Treaty, will do so States in availing itself of the rights and advantages in a manner consistent with the rights accorded to Austria under such provisions (42 Stat. (pt. 2), 1946; Treaty Series, No. 659; Treaties, etc., III, 2493; 7 League of Nations Treaty Series, p. 156).

[Article 230 of the Treaty of St. Germain-en-Laye provides as follows:]

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Article 230

Austria undertakes to recognise any new nationality which has been or may be acquired by her nationals under the laws of the Allied and Associated Powers, and in accordance with the decisions of the competent authorities of these Powers pursuant to naturalisation laws or under treaty stipulations, and to regard such persons as having, in consequence of the acquisition of such new nationality, in all respects severed their allegiance to their country of origin.

KINGDOM OF BELGIUM

[Signed at Brussels, November 16, 1868; ratification advised by the Senate, April 12, 1869; ratified by the President, April 18, 1869; ratified by Belgium, May 30, 1869; ratifications exchanged at Brussels, July 10, 1869; proclaimed, July 30, 1869.]

Article I

Citizens of the United States who may or shall have been naturalized in Belgium will be considered by the United States as citizens of Belgium. Reciprocally, Belgians who may or who shall have been naturalized in the United States will be considered by Belgium as citizens of the United States.

Article II

Citizens of either contracting party, in case of their return to their original country, can be prosecuted there for crimes or misdemeanors committed before naturalization, saving to them such limitations as are established by the laws of their original country.

Article III

Naturalized citizens of either contracting party who shall have resided five years in the country which has naturalized them, cannot be held to the obligation of military service in their original country, or to incidental obligation resulting therefrom, in the event of their return to it, except in cases of desertion from organized and embodied military or naval service, or those that may be assimilated thereto by the laws of that country.

Article IV

Citizens of the United States naturalized in Belgium shall be considered by Belgium as citizens of the United States when they shall have recovered their character as citizens of the United States according to the laws of the United States. Reciprocally, Belgians naturalized in the United States shall be considered as Belgians by the United States when they shall have recov

ered their character as Belgians according to the laws of Belgium (16 Stat. 747, 18 Stat. (pt. 2, Public Treaties), 61; Treaty Series, No. 24; Malloy, Treaties, I, 80).

BRAZIL

[Signed at Rio de Janeiro, April 27, 1908; ratification advised by the Senate, December 10, 1908; ratified by the President, December 26, 1908; ratified by Brazil, December 6, 1909; ratifications exchanged at Rio de Janeiro, February 28, 1910; proclaimed, April 2, 1910.]

Article I

Citizens of the United States of America who may or shall have been naturalized in the United States of Brazil upon their own application or by their own consent, will be considered by the United States of America as citizens of the United States of Brazil. Reciprocally, Brazilians who may or shall have been naturalized in the United States of America upon their own application or by their own consent will be considered by the United States of Brazil as citizens of the United States of America.

Article II

If a citizen of the United States of America, naturalized in the United States of Brazil, renews his residence in the United States of America, with the intention not to return to the United States of Brazil, he shall be held to have renounced his naturalization in the United States of Brazil; and, reciprocally, if a citizen of the United States of Brazil, naturalized in the United States of America, renews his residence in the United States of Brazil, with the intention not to return to the United States of America, he shall be held to have renounced his naturalization in the United States of America.

The intention not to return may be held to exist when the person naturalized in one of the two countries resides more than two years in the other; but this presumption may be destroyed by evidence to the contrary.

Article III

It is agreed that the word "citizen," as used in this Convention, means any person whose nationality is that of the United States of America or the United States of Brazil.

Article IV

A naturalized citizen of the one party, on returning to the territory of the other, remains liable to trial and punishment for an action punishable by the laws of his original country, and committed before his emigration,

but not for the emigration itself, saving always the limitation established by the laws of his original country, and any other remission of liability to punishment.

Article V

The status of a naturalized citizen may be acquired only through the means established by the laws of each of the countries and never by one's declaration of intention to become a citizen of one or the other country (36 Stat. (pt. 2), 2444; Treaty Series, No. 547; Treaties, etc., III, 2502; Charles, Treaties, III, 19).

BULGARIA

[Signed at Sofia, November 23, 1923; ratification advised by the Senate, February 18, 1924; ratified by the President, February 26, 1924; ratified by Bulgaria, March 30, 1924; ratifications exchanged at Sofia, April 5, 1924; proclaimed, May 6, 1924.]

Article I

Nationals of the United States who have been or shall be naturalized in Bulgarian territory, shall be held by the United States to have lost their former nationality and to be nationals of Bulgaria.

Reciprocally, nationals of Bulgaria who have been or shall be naturalized in territory of the United States shall be held by Bulgaria to have lost their original nationality and to be nationals of the United States.

The foregoing provisions of this Article are subject to any law of either country providing that its nationals do not lose their nationality by becoming naturalized in another country in time of war.

The word "national," as used in this convention, means a person owing permanent allegiance to, or having the nationality of, the United States or Bulgaria, respectively, under the laws thereof.

The word "naturalized," refers only to the naturalization of persons of full age, upon their own applications, and to the naturalization of minors through the naturalization of their parents. It does not apply to the acquisition of nationality by a woman through marriage.

Article II

Nationals of either country who have or shall become naturalized in the territory of the other, as contemplated in Article I, shall not, upon returning to the country of former nationality, be punishable for the original act of emigration, or for failure, prior to naturalization, to respond to calls for military service not accruing until after bona fide residence was ac

quired in the territory of the country whose nationality was obtained by naturalization.

Article III

If a national of either country, who comes within the purview of Article I, shall renew his residence in his country of origin without the intent to return to that in which he was naturalized, he shall be held to have renounced his naturalization.

The intent not to return may be held to exist when a person naturalized in one country shall have resided more than two years in the other (43 Stat. (pt. 2), 1759; Treaty Series, No. 684; 25 League of Nations Treaty Series, p. 238).

COSTA RICA

[Signed at San José, June 10, 1911; ratification advised by the Senate, February 14, 1912; ratified by the President, March 29, 1912; ratified by Costa Rica, August 5, 1911; ratifications exchanged at San José, May 9, 1912; proclaimed, June 6, 1912.]

Article I

Citizens of the United States who may or shall have been naturalized in Costa Rica, upon their own application or by their own consent, will be considered by the United States as citizens of the Republic of Costa Ri Rica. Reciprocally, Costa Ricans who may or shall have been naturalized in the United States upon their own application or with their own consent, will be considered by the Republic of Costa Rica citizens of the United States.

Article II

If a Costa Rican, naturalized in the United States of America, renews his residence in Costa Rica without intent to return to the United States, he may be held to have renounced his naturalization in the United States. Reciprocally, if a citizen of the United States, naturalized in Costa Rica, renews his residence in the United States, without intent to return to Costa Rica, he may be presumed to have renounced his naturalization in Costa Rica.

The intent not to return may be held to exist when the person naturalized in the one country resides more than two years in the other country, but this presumption may be destroyed by evidence to the contrary.

Article III

It is mutually agreed that the definition of the word "citizen" as used in this convention, shall be held to mean a person to whom nationality of the United States or Costa Rica attaches.

Article IV

A recognized citizen of the one party, returning to the territory of the other, remains liable to trial and legal punishment for an action punishable by the laws of his original country and committed before his emigration; but not for the emigration itself, saving always the limitation established by the laws of his original country, and any other remission of liability to punishment.

Article V

The declaration of intention to become a citizen of the one or the other country has not for either party the effect of naturalization (37 Stat. (pt. 2), 1603; Treaty Series, No. 570; Treaties, etc., III, 2544; Charles, Treaties, III, 23).

CZECHOSLOVAKIA

[Signed at Prague, July 16, 1928; ratification advised by the Senate, January 26, 1929; ratified by the President, February 14, 1929; ratified by Czechoslovakia, September 14, 1929; ratifications exchanged at Washington, November 14, 1929; proclaimed, November 14, 1929.]

Article I

Nationals of the United States who have been or shall be naturalized in Czechoslovak territories shall be held by the United States to have lost their former nationality and to be nationals of Czechoslovakia.

Reciprocally, nationals of Czechoslovakia who have been or shall be naturalized in the territories of the United States shall be held by Czechoslovakia to have lost their former nationality and to be nationals of the United States.

The foregoing provisions of this Article shall not be applicable to a national of either country who obtains naturalization in the other while his country

is at war.

The word "national," as used in this convention, means a person having the nationality of the United States or Czechoslovakia, respectively, under the laws thereof.

The word "naturalized" refers to the naturalization of a person over twenty-one years of age, granted upon his own application, while he is permanently residing within the country of naturalization, and to the naturalization of a person under twenty-one years of age through the naturalization of a parent, provided such person has acquired a permanent residence within the country of naturalization.

Article II

Nationals of either of the Contracting States naturalized as provided in Article I, shall not, upon their

return to the territory of the country of which they were formerly nationals, be prosecuted or punished for expatriation or for having failed, prior to their naturalization, to answer summonses to military service which had been served upon them within a period of five years preceding their naturalization.

Article III

If a national of either country, who comes within the purview of Article I, shall renew his residence in his original country without the intent to return to that in which he was naturalized, he shall be held to have lost the nationality acquired by naturalization.

The intent not to return may be held to exist when a person naturalized in the one country shall have resided more than two years in the other (46 Stat. (pt. 2), 2424; Treaty Series, No. 804; 96 League of Nations Treaty Series, p. 301).

DENMARK

[Signed at Copenhagen, July 20, 1872; ratification advised by the Senate, January 13, 1873; ratified by the President, January 22, 1873; ratified by Denmark, November 13, 1872; ratifications exchanged at Copenhagen, March 14, 1873; proclaimed, April 15, 1873.]

Article I

Citizens of the United States of America who have become, or shall become, and are, naturalized, according to law, within the Kingdom of Denmark as Danish subjects, shall be held by the United States of America to be in all respects and for all purposes Danish subjects, and shall be treated as such by the United States of America.

In like manner, Danish subjects who have become, or shall become, and are, naturalized, according to law, within the United States of America as citizens thereof, shall be held by the Kingdom of Denmark to be in all respects and for all purposes as citizens of the United States of America, and shall be treated as such by the Kingdom of Denmark.

Article II

If any such citizen of the United States, as aforesaid, naturalized within the Kingdom of Denmark as a Danish subject, should renew his residence in the United States, the United States Government may, on his application, and on such conditions as that Government may see fit to impose, readmit him to the character and privileges of a citizen of the United States, and the Danish Government shall not, in that case, claim him as a Danish subject on account of his former naturalization.

In like manner, if any such Danish subject, as aforesaid, naturalized within the United States as a citizen thereof, should renew his residence within the Kingdom of Denmark, His Majesty's Government may, on his application, and on such conditions as that Government may think fit to impose, readmit him to the character and privileges of a Danish subject, and the United States Government shall not, in that case, claim him as a citizen of the United States on account of his former naturalization.

Article III

If, however, a citizen of the United States, naturalized in Denmark, shall renew his residence in the former country without the intent to return to that in which he was naturalized, he shall be held to have renounced his naturalization.

In like manner, if a Dane, naturalized in the United States, shall renew his residence in Denmark without the intent to return to the former country, he shall be held to have renounced his naturalization in the United States.

The intent not to return may be held to exist when a person naturalized in the one country shall reside more than two years in the other country (17 Stat. 941; Treaty Series, No. 69; Malloy, Treaties, I, 384).

GERMANY

[The Treaty between the United States and Germany restoring friendly relations, signed at Berlin August 25, 1921; ratification advised by the Senate October 18, 1921; ratified by the President October 21, 1921; ratified by Germany November 2, 1921; ratifications exchanged at Berlin November 11, 1921; and proclaimed November 14, 1921; contains in Article I the following provision:]

Article I

Germany undertakes to accord to the United States, and the United States shall have and enjoy, all the rights, privileges, indemnities, reparations or advantages specified in the aforesaid Joint Resolution of the Congress of the United States of July 2, 1921, including all the rights and advantages stipulated for the benefit of the United States in the Treaty of Versailles which the United States shall fully enjoy notwithstanding the fact that such Treaty has not been ratified by the United States" (42 Stat. (pt. 2) 1939; Treaty Series, No. 658; Treaties, etc., III, 2596; 12 League of Nations Treaty Series, p. 192).

[Article 278 of the Treaty of Versailles provides as follows:]

Article 278

Germany undertakes to recognise any new nationality which has been or may be acquired by her

nationals under the laws of the Allied and Associated Powers and in accordance with the decisions of the competent authorities of these Powers pursuant to naturalisation laws or under treaty stipulations, and to regard such persons as having, in consequence of the acquisition of such new nationality, in all respects severed their allegiance to their country of origin.

GREAT BRITAIN

[Signed at London, May 13, 1870; ratification advised by the Senate, July 8, 1870; ratified by the President, July 19, 1870; ratified by Great Britain, July 16, 1870; ratifications exchanged at London, August 10, 1870; proclaimed, September 16, 1870.]

Article I

Citizens of the United States of America who have

become, or shall become, and are naturalized according to law within the British dominions as British subjects, shall, subject to the provisions of Article II, be held by the United States to be in all respects and for all purposes British subjects, and shall be treated as such by the United States.

Reciprocally, British subjects who have become, or shall become, and are naturalized according to law within the United States of America as citizens thereof, shall, subject to the provisions of Article II, be held by Great Britain to be in all respects and for all purposes citizens of the United States, and shall be treated as such by Great Britain.

Article II

Such citizens of the United States as aforesaid who have become and are naturalized within the dominions of her Britannic Majesty as British subjects, shall be at liberty to renounce their naturalization and to resume their nationality as citizens of the United States, provided that such renunciation be publicly declared within two years after the exchange of the ratifications of the present convention.

Such British subjects as aforesaid who have become and are naturalized as citizens within the United States, shall be at liberty to renounce their naturalization and to resume their British nationality, provided that such renunciation be publicly declared within two years after the twelfth of May, 1870.

The manner in which this renunciation may be made and publicly declared shall be agreed upon by the governments of the respective countries.

Article III

If any such citizen of the United States as aforesaid, naturalized within the dominions of her Britannic Majesty, should renew his residence in the United