States or send for an otherwise admissible wife, parent, grandparent, unmarried son or brother under twenty-one years of age, unmarried or widowed daughter, or sister, grandson under sixteen years of age whose father is dead, or unmarried or widowed granddaughter whose father is dead; and any alien who has declared, in the manner provided by law, his intention to become a citizen of the United States, and who is a resident of the United States, may make like application in reference to an otherwise admissible husband or wife, unmarried son under twenty-one years of age, or unmarried or widowed daughter; but no application may be made under this paragraph in the case of any relative by adoption.

(b) If the Secretary of Labor is satisfied that the entry into the United States of such relative would not be in violation of the immigration laws, and that such relative is likely to prove a desirable resident of the United States, he may issue a permit to the applicant, under such regulations as he may prescribe, which shall authorize the immigration officers at the port of entry to examine such relative upon arrival at such port. Thereafter the right of such relative to admission shall be as provided by the immigration laws, except that it shall not be subject to the act entitled "An act to prevent in time of war departure from and entry into the United States contrary to the public safety, approved May 22, 1918," or to the provisions of any proclamation, order, rule, or regulation made thereunder, and except that the literacy test may, in the discretion of the Secretary of Labor, be waived in the case of such relative.

SEC. 5. Nothing in section 2 shall be held to prevent the importation of skilled labor under the conditions prescribed in the fourth proviso to section 3 of the immigration act nor to the importation of persons employed as domestic servants.

SEC. 6. The joint resolution approved October 19, 1918, entitled "Joint resolution authorizing the readmission to the United States of certain aliens who have been conscripted or who have volunteered for service with the military forces of the United States or cobelligerent forces," is hereby amended by adding thereto a proviso reading as follows: "Provided, That if any such alien shall on arrival at a port of the United States be found to be afflicted with a loathsome or contagious disease, such alien shall not be readmitted until he shall have been treated in hospital and the disease reduced to noncontagious stage."

SEC. 7. During the period of suspension provided for in section 2 otherwise admissible aliens who have resided continuously in the Dominion of Canada, Newfoundland, the Republic of Cuba, or the Republic of Mexico for at least one year may be temporarily admitted, for a period not exceeding six months, from such countries, under such rules governing entry, inspection, temporary stay, and departure as may be prescribed by the Commissioner General of Immigration, with the approval of the Secretary of Labor.

SEC. 8. Any alien who at any time after entering the United States is found to have been at the time of entry not entitled under this act to enter the United States, or to have remained therein for a longer time than permitted under section 3 or section 7, shall be taken into custody and deported in the manner provided for in sections 19 and 20 of the immigration act.

SEC. 9. The provisions of sections 18 and 20 of the immigration act assessing a penalty for failure or refusal to accept, to detain, or guard safely, to return, and to transport to foreign destination aliens excluded or expelled from the United States, or to pay maintenance and deportation expenses of aliens, or for making any charge for the return of excluded or expelled aliens, or for taking any security for the payment of such charge, or for taking any consideration from aliens to be returned in case of landing, or for bringing to the United States any deported aliens within a year from date of deportation without the consent of the Secretary of Labor, shall apply to and be enforced in connection with the provisions of this act relating to the exclusion or expulsion of aliens. SEC. 10. Willfully to give false evidence or swear to any false statement in connection with the enforcement of this act shall constitute perjury as such offense is defined in section 16 of the immigration act; and the provisions of sections 16 and 17 of the immigration act, prescribing methods of procuring evidence concerning aliens, and defining offenses and prescribing punishments therefor, shall apply to and be enforced in connection with the provisions of this act.

SEC. 11. Any person who substitutes any name for the name written in any document herein required, or any photograph for the photograph attached to any such document, or forges or in any manner alters any such document, or falsely personates any person named in any such document, or issues or utters

any forged or fraudulent document, or presents to an immigrant inspector or other Government official any forged or fraudulent document, and any person other than the one to whom there has been duly issued any document prescribed by this act who presents to an immigrant inspector or other Government official any such document, shall be guilty of a felony and upon conviction thereof shall in cases where no other penalty is required by law be fined in a sum not exceeding $1,000 or be imprisoned for a term of not more than five years, or both.

SEC. 12. The Commissioner General of Immigration shall, with the approval of the Secretary of Labor, issue such regulations, not inconsistent with law, as may be deemed necessary and appropriate to place this act in full force and operation (except that regulations for the viséing of passports under section 3 shall be made by the Secretary of State). Such regulations shall include special rules for the application of this act to the cases of aliens coming to the United States from or through contiguous foreign territory, and to the cases of aliens entering across the land boundaries for temporary stay or at frequent intervals; also special rules to insure that the provisions of this act, of the immigration act, or of any law, convention, or treaty relating to immigration shall not be violated by aliens arriving at ports of the United States employed on vessels as seamen, and that, at the same time, the enforcement of such laws shall not interfere with the operation of the act approved March 4, 1915, entitled "An act to promote the welfare of American seamen in the merchant marine of the United States, to abolish arrest and imprisonment as a penalty for desertion, and to secure the abrogation of treaty provisions in relation thereto, and to promote safety at sea.'

SEC. 13. The provisions of this act are in addition to and not in substitution for the provisions of the immigration laws.

The CHAIRMAN. The committee will come to order. This committee at its last meeting adjourned until to-day for the purpose of having hearings. These hearings were to be had mainly upon the Johnson bill, which provides for a temporary suspension of immigration. As I understand it, the real issue before the committee at the present time is one of a temporary suspension of immigration— pending a full investigation of the whole subject of immigrationwith the idea in the future of passing some permanent or constructive legislation after a thorough investigation of the whole matter in view of present world conditions.

In order that the testimony may be limited at this time, I desire to say to those present that, as I understand it, although I am only one member of the committee, the testimony to be introduced at these hearings should be confined to the emergency proposition; that is, to the proposition of suspending, temporarily or for a year, all immigration.

In dealing with an emergency question of that character we would naturally look at its effects from the economic standpoint: How would the suspension of immigration affect the business of the country? Then, in dealing with the question of emergency legislation or a suspension of immigration, you would naturally look, secondly, to the menace that is threatening this country with regard to immigration.

As to the flood of immigration, which it has been represented is about to pour in upon us from Europe, the committee have desired, and do desire now, to ascertain data, facts, and information upon that subject. That information would naturally divide itself into two propositions: First, the extent and character of the immigration. for the year ending June 1, 1920, but more especially the number of immigrants, their character, during the months following the 1st. of July, or from the 1st of July, 1920, down to the present time or

down to the 31st of December, 1920. The committee desires to have data really upon the proposition of how much increase there has actually been during the last four or five months, and from what countries the immigrants have come. That is one class of data. Secondly, the committee desires information as to the truth of the reports of the number of immigrants from foreign countries who purpose to come to this country-that is, whether the statements that have been given out of the number who purpose to come from Italy or from Russia or from various European countries are correct; in other words, what is the true situation with regard to the alleged threatened flood of immigration.

Having ascertained, first, the facts with regard to the threatened flood of immigration, and, secondly, the actual number of immigrants who have come in down to the 1st of December, 1920, and especially the so-called increase during the last three or four months, the committee would be prepared to judge of the emergency character of the situation; and then, before any final decision upon the question, of course the committee would feel bound to look into its economic effect upon the country.

At the last meeting of the committee, when this general subject was before us, a strong desire was expressed to hear Representative Johnson, or to invite Mr. Johnson to be present at this meeting, with a view, if he was willing, that he should express before the committee his thoughts upon this subject. The committee would be very glad, therefore, to hear from Mr. Johnson, chairman of the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization of the House of Representatives, and the author of the bill.

STATEMENT OF HON. ALBERT JOHNSON, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF WASHINGTON.

Representative JOHNSON. Senator Colt and gentlemen of the committee, I desire to be brief and to deal entirely with what I consider the emergency condition, and to answer such questions as I can. the outset I desire to remind Senators of the attempts to enact a permanent law relative to passports. It will be remembered that both the House and the Senate passed a bill, or, rather, enacted a law, assuming that there would come peace, providing for an extension of the war passport situation in so far as it applies to aliens.

The CHAIRMAN. Mr. Johnson, if I may add right here, I have received information that may possibly be helpful to a solution of this emergency problem, and that is that the Government of Italy would issue an order shortly, if it has not been already issued, denying passports to all emigrants; in other words, suspending emigration from Italy, with a view of entering into cooperation with the United States to the end that Italy might supply such immigrants, peoples of such classes, as this country might desire.

That opens up quite a broad question, viewing immigration from an international standpoint-and it is really an international question-considering it from a world standpoint. It, of course, might be possible that through the State Department arrangements could be entered into whereby foreign nations would not permit any more immigrants to come to this country than the United States desired,

supplying none at all or only such classes as conditions here warranted.

Senator DILLINGHAM. May I add to what the chairman has said that I think there is now a provision of the law enabling the President of the United States to enter into agreements with foreign nations with respect to such matters? When the immigration commission were in session in 1909-10. I had interviews with governmental officers-for instance, of Hungary-and at that time they expressed a very strong desire to enter into some sort of an arrangement with this country that would govern the flow of emigration from that country, they at that time not wanting to lose an undue proportion of their citizens. On my return I called the attention of the administration to this matter, but nothing was ever done about it. But I think the right exists on the part of the Government, even outside of diplomatic relations, to enter into such arrangements.

The CHAIRMAN. Of course, quite a number of immigrants have come from Italy, and immigration from Italy has increased. But I have direct, and I might say very positive, information that the Italian Government has already issued such an order as I mentioned a few moments ago. How that may affect this matter I do not know, and I am only mentioning this matter with a view to hearing it discussed and getting information thereon.

Representative JOHNSON. The rumor has run all over Italy, and other countries as well, that the United States would suspend all immigration by January 1, 1921. That rumor created great excitement throughout Italy, and some semiofficial statements by the Italian Government were made along the lines the chairman has mentioned. But in the meantime a representative of the Government of Italy is here, spending much time around steamship offices in New York, and he is begging that the time allowance of this bill, which is 60 days, be made six months, in order to permit Italy to send to this country those of its people already in line for passports. This would rather indicate that Italy could not shut the movement off quickly.

I started to say a minute ago that one law passed by the Congress was to the effect that the war passport suspension, in so far as applying to aliens, should operate until the 4th of March next. That law has not been operative for the reason that the provisions of the war-passport matter continue to operate until we have a declaration of peace. I think this situation alone creates an emergency concerning immigration for the reason that some day, soon, we will have a declaration of peace, and no passport laws. But I think, Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the committee, that the passport system is here to stay. I think further that, even as a temporary matter, that it is a mistake to have such a law operate partly under the Department of Labor and partly under the State Department, because of the confusion that necessarily ensues.

I think the argument that this temporary suspension bill might serve to end the United States as an asylum for political refugees falls for the reason that under the passport system a refugee is unable to get a passport from certain countries. Our consular agents in all parts of central Europe have only the right to refuse these in certain cases, and not in cases that fall under the immigration laws themselves.

That is to say, the consular agent declines to give his visé to a man whom he determines is a political disturber or a revolutionist. But he can not refuse, under the instructions that the Department of Labor gives to him, to refuse to give his visé to an alien who is physically deficient, nearly blind, or suffering from some other disability of the kind. He must let him go on to the United States and try it out at the gates of Ellis Island.

Senator PHELAN. The power is in the Government, under war legislation, to prevent the issuance of passports?

Representative JOHNSON. I think so.

Senator PHELAN. And a consular agent may refuse to visé a passport to some he thinks unfit?

Representative JOHNSON. I think so, but State and Labor Departments have agreed upon regulations by which one does not usurp the other.

The particular bill now before your committee is just what it has been designated at this table, a temporary measure; and I have sincere hopes that we can combine the good features in the so-called Dillingham bill and in the so-called Sterling bill, and even add to those certain features of the proposed constructive plan that were stripped from this emergency bill-taken out because an emergency existed.

This bill at one time had a voluntary registration plan, but anything that contained a constructive idea we thought would require too long consideration to meet the existing emergency. This bill is not, as it is called so often, an absolute suspension. It is extremely liberal. I have one complaint from a consular agent, in Greece or in Italy, and I am not sure which at the moment, that the real charge against this suspension bill, so called, is that it admits dependents. You will notice that the bill, while it suspends immigration, turns right around and lets citizens who are in the United States send for their blood-line relatives. In other words, Tony, the barber, may send for his grandmother, a person who is likely to be not only a liability to Tony but to the United States. The bill provides that if Tony wants to send for his grandfather or his grandmother or his mother or his father, he may make arrangements so to do with the Department of Labor here.

Senator HARRISON. And you think that ought to be eliminated? Representative JOHNSON. I thonght so at one time, that we ought to have a suspension in that regard, but after carefully going into the matter I found that it was too hard to do, too abrupt a procedure.

The CHAIRMAN. The caption of the bill is that it is a temporary suspension.

Representative JOHNSON. Yes.

The CHAIRMAN. That is its main purpose.

Representative JOHNSON. Yes.

The CHAIRMAN. While, of course, you will admit relatives of those who are citizens of the United States, and I agree with you that this hearing relates to the emergency, yet you are so familiar with this whole subject that if you will deal with the emergency situation I will appreciate it. I am only speaking as one member of the committee, but I would like to hear from you on that subject.