Secularism and State Policies Toward Religion: The United States, France, and TurkeyCambridge University Press, 27.04.2009 - 313 Seiten Why do secular states pursue different policies toward religion? This book provides a generalizable argument about the impact of ideological struggles on the public policy making process, as well as a state-religion regimes index of 197 countries. More specifically, it analyzes why American state policies are largely tolerant of religion, whereas French and Turkish policies generally prohibit its public visibility, as seen in their bans on Muslim headscarves. In the United States, the dominant ideology is "passive secularism," which requires the state to play a passive role, by allowing public visibility of religion. Dominant ideology in France and Turkey is "assertive secularism," which demands that the state play an assertive role in excluding religion from the public sphere. Passive and assertive secularism became dominant in these cases through certain historical processes, particularly the presence or absence of an ancien régime based on the marriage between monarchy and hegemonic religion during state-building periods. |
Inhalt
Introduction | 1 |
Analyzing Secularism | 6 |
The United States | 39 |
Passive Secularism and the Christian Rights Challenge 19812008 | 41 |
Religious Diversity and the Evolution of Passive Secularism 17761981 | 74 |
France | 101 |
Assertive Secularism and the Multiculturalist Challenge 19892008 | 103 |
The War of Two Frances and the Rise of Assertive Secularism 17891989 | 136 |
Westernization and the Emergence of Assertive Secularism 18261997 | 202 |
Conclusion | 236 |
StateReligion Regimes Index of 197 Countries | 247 |
Human Development and Official Religion in 176 Countries | 255 |
StateReligion Regimes in FortySix Muslim Countries | 259 |
Turkeys National Security Council Decisions February 28 1997 | 261 |
Bibliography | 263 |
307 | |
Andere Ausgaben - Alle anzeigen
Secularism and State Policies toward Religion: The United States, France ... Ahmet T. Kuru Eingeschränkte Leseprobe - 2009 |
Secularism and State Policies toward Religion: The United States, France ... Ahmet T. Kuru Keine Leseprobe verfügbar - 2009 |
Häufige Begriffe und Wortgruppen
affiliations AK Party Amendment American ancien regime Ankara anticlerical antireligious assertive and passive assertive secularism assertive secularist Baubérot Catholicism Christian civil conflict Constitutional Court countries critical debate decision defended defined disestablishment Diyanet edited elite Erdogan Established Catholic Church Establishment Clause first France France and Turkey French groups headscarves historical Ibid Imam-Hatip schools influence institutions Islam Islamist Islamophobia issue Istanbul Kemal Kemalist laicité liberals military Milliyet modern monarchy Monde mosques Muslim National officers official ofthe Ottoman parliament Party passive secularism passive secularists percent policies toward religion political prayer President private schools Protestant public schools public sphere Qur’an Qur’an courses reflected reforms religious freedom religious instruction Republic republican role School Vouchers secularism in France secularism in Turkey secularist ideology separationist social society state-religion relations state’s struggles Supreme Court Tanzimat tion Turkey’s Turkish Turkish Constitutional Court ulema United University Press vouchers wearing headscarves Yeni Safak Zaman