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subordinate as extra-legal measures of punishment or suppression of prisoners of war. The right is expressly reserved to the authorities of the Captor State, however, to take such measures as may be indispensable for the suppression of riot or concerted or group insubordination or mutiny on the part of prisoners of war, such measures to be always within the bounds of humanity.

Prisoners of war shall not be subjected to extreme heat or cold. Marching with full equipment and other aggravations of punishments are forbidden.

Article 76

Immediately after charges calling for a trial before a court are preferred against a prisoner, the Captor State shall notify the Protecting Power thereof. This notification shall be at least three weeks before the day set for the trial and shall contain:

(a) The full name and rank of the prisoner of war.

(b) The location of the prisoner of war or his place of detention. (c) A short statement of the criminal act charged, accompanied by a statement of its legal consequences.

(d) The name of the tribunal before which he will be tried with exact information regarding the place and date of trial, including the street and number of the premises where the trial is to take place.

The notification provided for in the preceding paragraph may be omitted in cases before inferior courts provided the authorized limit of punishment for the offense with which the prisoner of war is charged does not exceed confinement for a period of three months.

Article 77

In the cases mentioned in Article 76 as requiring formal notification to the Protecting Power, the accused prisoner of war shall have the right, unless prohibited by law, to be represented by legal counsel able to speak his own language: of which right he shall be definitely informed by the Captor State reasonably in advance of trial. The Protecting Power shall have the right to appoint counsel for the accused. In such cases and in all other cases where counsel is required by law or appears essential, the Captor State shall furnish the Protecting Power a list of the persons who may act as counsel, and shall notify the latter that counsel will be selected therefrom unless the Protecting Power shall have chosen counsel two weeks after receipt of this list.

In all cases where formal notification is not required the accused shall be assisted in defence by counsel whenever reasonable and compatible with law; otherwise he shall be assisted by an interpreter.

The right of the accused freely to consult with his counsel shall not be denied nor unreasonably abridged.

The representative of the Protecting Power shall have the right to send a representative to attend the public sessions of the trial even though it shall not have designated a counsel to represent the accused as aforesaid.

Article 78

The accused shall not be compelled to be a witness against himself, but he may, if he wishes, present to the tribunal arguments, either oral or written, in support of his cause.

With a view to shortening the time of confinement awaiting trial, the judicial proceedings shall be expedited. The period of confinement awaiting trial may be considered in whole or in part in imposing sentence.

Article 79

Any sentences unexpired at the time this agreement goes into effect in excess of the limitations therein imposed shall be at once remitted.

Article 80

A prisoner of war shall have the same right of appeal to higher authority, judicial or executive, as that possessed by members of the armed forces of the Captor State in similar cases.

Article 81

In cases in which the death sentence is imposed by a military tribunal upon a prisoner of war, a statement showing in detail the character and circumstances of the offense shall be promptly communicated to the Protecting Power for transmission to the State of Origin of the prisoner of war concerned, and the execution of the sentence shall be delayed for a period of at least three months counting from the date of this communication. Such sentences may be pronounced only by tribunals of the same kind and following the same procedure as in corresponding cases for members of the armed forces of the Captor State. The accused shall have the specific right to be represented

in the trial by counsel to the same extent as members of the armed forces of the Captor State.

The delay in the execution of the sentence provided in paragraph one of this Article is not applicable in those cases in which the death sentence is imposed for the offense of murder or attempted murder committed in the zone of operations.

Article 82

The length of sentence to confinement in a cell or confinement in a room which may be imposed by a Camp Commandant or under military authority other than the tribunals established pursuant to law, shall not exceed thirty (30) days for any single offense.

If the total of several such consecutive sentences exceeds thirty (30) days, an interval of one week, during which no punishment shall be inflicted, shall follow each thirty (30) days confinement in a cell.

Article 83

The duration of the punishment for a simple attempt to escape on the part of prisoners of war, even if repeated, shall not exceed military confinement for a period of fourteen days, and if made in concert with other prisoners, a period of twenty-eight days.

The duration of the punishment for such an attempt to escape, combined with other punishments for acts consequent upon, or incident to such attempt, in respect of property, whether in relation to the appropriation or possession thereof, or injury thereto, shall not exceed military confinement for a period of two months.

The foregoing provisions shall apply to attempts to escape from detention of any description in the same manner as they apply to attempts to escape from ordinary camps.

Prisoners of war recaptured after an attempt to escape shall not be subjected to any unnecessary harshness. Any insult or injury to such prisoners of war shall be severely punished. They shall be protected from violence of every kind. Officer prisoners of war recaptured after an attempt to escape shall continue to be treated in a manner suitable to their grade.

Article 84

Collective punishments or deprivations of privileges on account of the misconduct of individuals are forbidden. Those collective pun

ishments are especially forbidden through which prisoners of war lose their right to receive their mail and to send the allowed number of letters and postcards. In the case of individuals such a prohibition may be imposed as a punishment but shall not exceed two weeks. The prisoner of war has in this case the right to notify his family of this stoppage of correspondence before it goes into effect.

Article 85

Punishments which are served in the prisoner of war camps and military prisons shall be carried out under the conditions provided in Annexes 4 and 5 of this agreement; otherwise, in the absence of specific provisions, prisoners of war undergoing punishment shall be treated as other prisoners of war.

Prisoners of war undergoing confinement in places removed from the camps shall be permitted to receive four parcels a month and to use the food contents of these parcels, except upon the days when they are placed on bread and water diet. Adequate cooking facilities and fuel shall be provided for them.

Article 86

At their request prisoners of war in close confinement shall be permitted to attend the daily sick call as provided for in Article 67, and they shall receive such medical attention and treatment as, in the opinion of the attending medical officer, they may require, including removal to hospital when necessary.

Article 87

The provisions of this agreement shall not apply to prisoners of war who through acts of individual misconduct against the law of the land have passed from the control of the military to that of the civil authorities.

11. Deaths and Accidents

Article 88

Officially stamped or otherwise authenticated certificates of deaths occurring among prisoners of war shall be executed without delay

and transmitted to the diplomatic representative of the Protecting Power.

The representative of the Protecting Power shall be notified as quickly as possible of deaths by violence, and shall be informed as to the particulars.

Article 89

The property of deceased prisoners of war, including identifieation tags, pay books and other personal papers, shall be despatched by the Government of the Captor State to the State of Origin.

Article 90

The Contracting Parties shall provide and maintain proper burial places for prisoners of war of the other party who are killed or die while in captivity. Available information regarding the identity of the deceased shall be marked in a clear manner on the grave, and the location of graves shall be reported without delay to the State of Origin.

Deceased prisoners of war shall be accorded the same honors at burial as are accorded to persons of the same rank or rating in the armed forces of the Captor State.

Article 91

Each Government shall take measures that information regarding the death or whereabouts of missing nationals of the other party be gathered and forwarded as rapidly as possible to the State of Origin.

Article 92

A statement shall be immediately prepared concerning all accidents to prisoners of war, to which a brief medical report must be appended. In such cases the prisoner of war shall be furnished a certificate by the Camp Commandant, stating the nature of the injury. The certificate shall be deposited with the papers of the prisoner of war and shall be handed him on his discharge or, in case of internment in a neutral country, shall be transmitted for safe-keeping to the government of this neutral country and be given him on his repatriation.

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