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in 1968, a series of diagrams presenting the principal features of the disputes, tables showing the data by industries and by localities, and a summary statement for the years 1899 to 1908.

STRIKES IN 1908.-The number of strikes which ended in 1908 was 1.347, and the number of establishments affected was 4,774. Of the establishments affected, 1,214 suspended operations entirely. The number of employees in the establishments affected was 199,371, and of these 68,392 participated in the strikes. The number of nonstrikers who were thrown out of employment was 7,405.

The following table shows the number of strikes, establishments affected, strikers, and other employees thrown out of work, by results of strikes, in 1908:

STRIKES, ESTABLISHMENTS AFFECTED, STRIKERS, AND OTHER EMPLOYEES THROWN OUT OF WORK, BY RESULTS, 1908.

[The column headed "Strikers" shows the maximum number of strikers at any time during the strike.]

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In 1908 the average number of establishments affected by each strike was 3.5, while the average number of strikers to a strike was 50.8; the persons on strike formed 34.3 per cent of the employees of the establishments affected. The proportion of strikes that succeeded was 15.3 per cent, those that failed 52.3 per cent, and those that succeeded partly were 32.4 per cent of the total. The number of strikers engaged in strikes which succeeded formed 10.8 per cent, those in strikes that failed formed 47.6 per cent, and those in strikes that succeeded partly formed 41.6 per cent, of the total number of strikers.

The following table shows, by principal groups of industries, the number and results of strikes, the number of establishments and strikers involved, and the number of other employees thrown out of work, on account of strikes, occurring in the year 1908:

1 The number of strikers included in the strike statistics of Germany is the greatest number of persons on strike at any time during the progress of the strike.

NUMBER AND RESULTS OF STRIKES, ESTABLISHMENTS AFFECTED, STRIKERS, AND OTHER EMPLOYEES THROWN OUT OF WORK, BY INDUSTRIES, 1908.

[The column headed "Strikers" shows the maximum number of strikers at any time during the strike.]

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The building trades had by far the greatest number of strikes, the 429 disputes in this industry forming 31.8 per cent of all the strikes reported; the number of strikers also was in excess of those in any other industry, the 19,593 strikers being 28.6 per cent of all the persons on strike. The group woodworking, carved materials, etc., came next in order as regards the number of strikes, this group having had 11.6 per cent of all the strikes. The mining, metallurgical, etc., group ranked second as far as the number of strikers was concerned, with 12.5 per cent of all the persons on strike.

The two tables following present the data according to the duration of the strikes and according to the number of strikers involved:

NUMBER AND RESULTS OF STRIKES, ESTABLISHMENTS AFFECTED, STRIKERS, AND OTHER EMPLOYEES THROWN OUT OF WORK, BY DURATION, 1908.

[The column headed "Strikers" shows the maximum number of strikers at any time during the strike.]

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NUMBER AND RESULTS OF STRIKES, ESTABLISHMENTS AFFECTED, STRIKERS AND OTHER EMPLOYEES THROWN OUT OF WORK, BY NUMBER OF STRIKERS INVOLVED, 1908.

[The column headed "Strikers" shows the maximum number of strikers at any time during the strike.]

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The following table shows the results of the strikes in 1908, by causes or objects:

STRIKES, BY CAUSES AND RESULTS.

[Strikes due to two or more causes have been tabulated under each cause; the totals for the groups, therefore, are not the sums of the items for the individual causes. For example, a strike "for increase of wages and extra rate for overtime" is tabulated separately under each of these causes, while it is tabulated only once under total strikes relating to wages. For a similar reason the sums of the figures in this table exceed the totals in the preceding tables.]

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Total (relating to causes other than wages or hours of labor)...... 590

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The results of strikes for each year from 1899 to 1908 are shown in the following table, together with number of strikers and establishments affected:

NUMBER AND RESULTS OF STRIKES, ESTABLISHMENTS AFFECTED, AND STRIKERS, BY YEARS, 1899 TO 1908.

[The column headed "Strikers" shows the maximum number of strikers at any time during strike.]

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LOCKOUTS IN 1908.-In the year 1908 there were 177 lockouts reported; the number of establishments affected by these disputes was 1,758, the number of persons employed in these establishments was 81,286, of whom 43,718 were locked out, while 266 persons were thrown out of work because of the disputes. The average number of persons locked out in each dispute was 247, and the average number of establishments affected in each dispute was 9.9. Of the 177 lockouts, 100, or 56.5 per cent, were successful from the standpoint of the employers; 69, or 39 per cent, were partly successful; and 8, or 4.5 per cent, were unsuccessful.

The following table shows, by principal groups of industries, the number and results of lockouts, the number of establishments and persons involved in lockouts, and the number of other employees thrown out of work on account of lockouts during the year 1908.

NUMBER AND RESULTS OF LOCKOUTS, ESTABLISHMENTS AFFECTED, EMPLOYEES LOCKED OUT, AND OTHER EMPLOYEES THROWN OUT OF WORK, BY INDUSTRIES, 1908.

The column headed "Employees locked out" shows the maximum number of employees locked out at any time during lockout.]

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The largest number of lockouts occurred in the building trades. In this group there were 76 disputes, or 42.9 per cent of the total number, and 8,833 persons, or 20.2 per cent of the total, were locked out; the group machinery, instruments, apparatus, etc., had 22 disputes, or 12.4 per cent of the total, and 18,239 persons, or 41.7 per cent of the total; the group textiles had 21 disputes, or 11.9 per cent of the total, and 11,054 persons, or 25.3 per cent of the total. These three groups of industries included 67.2 per cent of all lockouts and 87.2 per cent of all persons locked out.

The results of lockouts for each year from 1899 to 1908, together with the number of establishments affected and employees locked out, are shown in the table following:

NUMBER AND RESULTS OF LOCKOUTS, ESTABLISHMENTS AFFECTED, AND EMPLOYEES LOCKED OUT, BY YEARS, 1899 TO 1908.

[The column headed "Employees locked out" shows the maximum number of employees locked out at any time during lockout.]

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