ability, and promote other forms of good governance established under other provisions of law for the preceding twoyear period 132 in such countries.

(2) REQUIRED CONTENTS.-The report required by paragraph (1) shall contain the following information with respect to each country described in paragraph (1):

(A) A description of all United States Government-funded programs and initiatives to combat corruption and improve transparency and accountability in the country.

(B) A description of United States diplomatic efforts to combat corruption and improve transparency and accountability in the country.

(C) An analysis of major actions taken by the government of the country to combat corruption and improve transparency and accountability in the country.

(e) FUNDING.-Amounts made available to carry out the other provisions of this part (including chapter 4 of part II of this Act) and the Support for East European Democracy (SEED) Act of 1989 shall be made available to carry out this section.

SEC. 134.133 ASSISTANCE TO FOREIGN COUNTRIES TO MEET MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR THE ELIMINATION OF TRAFFICKING. (a) AUTHORIZATION.-The President is authorized to provide assistance to foreign countries directly, or through nongovernmental and multilateral organizations, for programs, projects, and activi

132 Sec. 672(a)(2)(C) of the Freedom Investment Act of 2002 (subtitle E of title VI of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 2002; Public Law 107-228; 116 Stat. 1408) struck out "prior year" and inserted in lieu thereof "preceding two-year period".

133 22 U.S.C. 2152d. Added by sec. 109 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (division A of Public Law 106-386; 114 Stat. 1481). Sec. 107(a) of that Act (22 U.S.C. 7105(a)), as amended, provides the following:

"SEC. 107. PROTECTION AND ASSISTANCE FOR VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING.

"(a) ASSISTANCE FOR VICTIMS IN OTHER COUNTRIES.—

"(1) IN GENERAL.-The Secretary of State and the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, in consultation with appropriate nongovernmental organizations, shall establish and carry out programs and initiatives in foreign countries to assist in the safe integration, reintegration, or resettlement, as appropriate, of victims of trafficking. Such programs and initiatives shall be designed to meet the appropriate assistance needs of such persons and their children, as identified by the Task Force. In addition, such programs and initiatives shall, to the maximum extent practicable, include the following:

"(A) Support for local in-country nongovernmental organization-operated hotlines, culturally and linguistically appropriate protective shelters, and regional and international nongovernmental organization networks and databases on trafficking, including support to assist nongovernmental organizations in establishing service centers and systems that are mobile and extend beyond large cities.

"(B) Support for nongovernmental organizations and advocates to provide legal, social, and other services and assistance to trafficked individuals, particularly those individuals in detention, and by facilitating contact between relevant foreign government agencies and such nongovernmental organizations to facilitate cooperation between the foreign governments and such organizations.

(C) Education and training for trafficked women and girls.

"(D) The safe integration or reintegration of trafficked individuals into an appropriate community or family, with full respect for the wishes, dignity, and safety of the trafficked individual.

"(E) Support for developing or increasing programs to assist families of victims in locating, repatriating, and treating their trafficked family members, in assisting the voluntary repatriation of these family members or their integration or resettlement into appropriate communities, and in providing them with treatment.

"(2) ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENT.-In establishing and conducting programs and initiatives described in paragraph (1), the Secretary of State and the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development shall take all appropriate steps to enhance cooperative efforts among foreign countries, including countries of origin of victims of trafficking, to assist in the integration, reintegration, or resettlement, as appropriate, of victims of trafficking, including stateless victims.".

ties designed to meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking (as defined in section 103 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000), including

(1) the drafting of laws to prohibit and punish acts of trafficking;

(2) the investigation and prosecution of traffickers;

(3) the creation and maintenance of facilities, programs, projects, and activities for the protection of victims; and

(4) the expansion of exchange programs and international visitor programs for governmental and nongovernmental personnel to combat trafficking.

(b) FUNDING.-Amounts made available to carry out the other provisions of this part (including chapter 4 of part II of this Act) and the Support for East European Democracy (SEED) Act of 1989 shall be made available to carry out this section. Assistance may be provided under this section notwithstanding section 660 of this Act. 134

SEC. 135.135 ASSISTANCE FOR ORPHANS AND OTHER VULNERABLE CHILDREN.

(a) FINDINGS.-Congress finds the following:

(1) There are more than 143,000,000 orphans living sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Of this number, approximately 16,200,000 children have lost both parents.

(2) The HIV/AIDS pandemic has created an unprecedented orphan crisis, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, where children have been hardest hit. The pandemic is deepening poverty in entire communities, and is jeopardizing the health, safety, and survival of all children in affected countries. It is estimated that 14,000,000 children have lost one or both parents to AIDS.

(3) The orphans crisis in sub-Saharan Africa has implications for human welfare, development, and political stability that extend far beyond the region, affecting governments and people worldwide.

(4) Extended families and local communities are struggling to meet the basic needs of orphans and vulnerable children by providing food, health care including treatment of children living with HIV/AIDS, education expenses, and clothing.

(5) Famines, natural disasters, chronic poverty, ongoing conflicts, and civil wars in developing countries are adversely affecting children in these countries, the vast majority of whom currently do not receive humanitarian assistance or other support from the United States.

(6) The United States Government administers various assistance programs for orphans and other vulnerable children in developing countries. In order to improve targeting and programming of resources, the United States Agency for International Development should develop methods to adequately track the overall number of orphans and other vulnerable children receiving assistance, the kinds of programs for such chil

134 Sec. 6(f) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2003 (Public Law 108-193; 117 Stat. 2883) added this sentence. 135 22 U.S.C. 2152f. Sec. 3 of the Assistance for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children in Developing Countries Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-95; 119 Stat. 2113) added sec. 135.

dren by sector and location, and any other such related data and analysis.

(7) The United States Agency for International Development should improve its capabilities to deliver assistance to orphans and other vulnerable children in developing countries through partnerships with private volunteer organizations, including community and faith-based organizations.

(8) The United States Agency for International Development should be the primary United States Government agency responsible for identifying and assisting orphans and other vulnerable children in developing countries.

(9) Providing assistance to such children is an important expression of the humanitarian concern and tradition of the people of the United States.

(b) DEFINITIONS.-In this section:

(1) AIDS.-The term "AIDS" has the meaning given the term in section 104A(g)(1) of this Act.

(2) CHILDREN.-The term "children" means persons who have not attained 18 years of age.

(3) HIV/AIDS.-The term "HIV/AIDS" has the meaning given the term in section 104A(g)(3) of this Act.

(4) ORPHAN.-The term "orphan" means a child deprived by death of one or both parents.

(5) PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT.-The term "psychosocial support" includes care that addresses the ongoing psychological and social problems that affect individuals, their partners, families, and caregivers in order to alleviate suffering, strengthen social ties and integration, provide emotional support, and promote coping strategies.

(c) ASSISTANCE.-The President is authorized to provide assistance, including providing such assistance through international or nongovernmental organizations, for programs in developing countries to provide basic care and services for orphans and other vulnerable children. Such programs should provide assistance

(1) to support families and communities to mobilize their own resources through the establishment of community-based organizations to provide basic care for orphans and other vulnerable children;

(2) for school food programs, including the purchase of local or regional foodstuffs where appropriate;

(3) to increase primary school enrollment through the elimination of school fees, where appropriate, or other barriers to education while ensuring that adequate resources exist for teacher training and infrastructure;

(4) to provide employment training and related services for orphans and other vulnerable children who are of legal working age;

(5) to protect and promote the inheritance rights of orphans, other vulnerable children, and widows;

(6) to provide culturally appropriate psychosocial support to orphans and other vulnerable children; and

(7) to treat orphans and other vulnerable children with HIV/ AIDS through the provision of pharmaceuticals, the recruit

ment and training of individuals to provide pediatric treatment, and the purchase of pediatric-specific technologies. (d) MONITORING AND EVALUATION.—

(1) ESTABLISHMENT.-To maximize the sustainable development impact of assistance authorized under this section, and pursuant to the strategy required in section 4 of the Assistance for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children in Developing Countries Act of 2005, the President shall establish a monitoring and evaluation system to measure the effectiveness of United States assistance to orphans and other vulnerable children.

(2) REQUIREMENTS.-The monitoring and evaluation system shall

(A) establish performance goals for the assistance and expresses such goals in an objective and quantifiable form, to the extent feasible;

(B) establish performance indicators to be used in measuring or assessing the achievement of the performance goals described in subparagraph (A); and

(C) provide a basis for recommendations for adjustments to the assistance to enhance the impact of assistance. (e) SPECIAL ADVISOR FOR ASSISTANCE TO ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN.

(1) APPOINTMENT.—

(A) IN GENERAL.-The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, shall appoint a Special Advisor for Assistance to Orphans and Vulnerable Children.

(B) DELEGATION.-At the discretion of the Secretary of State, the authority to appoint a Special Advisor under subparagraph (A) may be delegated by the Secretary of State to the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development.

(2) DUTIES.-The duties of the Special Advisor for Assistance to Orphans and Vulnerable Children shall include the following:

(A) Coordinate assistance to orphans and other vulnerable children among the various offices, bureaus, and field missions within the United States Agency for International Development.

(B) Advise the various offices, bureaus, and field missions within the United States Agency for International Development to ensure that programs approved for assistance under this section are consistent with best practices, meet the requirements of this Act, and conform to the strategy outlined in section 4 of the Assistance for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children in Developing Countries Act of 2005.

(C) Advise the various offices, bureaus, and field missions within the United States Agency for International Development in developing any component of their annual plan, as it relates to assistance for orphans or other vulnerable children in developing countries, to ensure that each program, project, or activity relating to such assist

ance is consistent with best practices, meets the requirements of this Act, and conforms to the strategy outlined in section 4 of the Assistance for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children in Developing Countries Act of 2005.

(D) Coordinate all United States assistance to orphans and other vulnerable children among United States departments and agencies, including the provision of assistance relating to HIV/AIDS authorized under the United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003 (Public Law 108-25), and the amendments made by such Act (including section 102 of such Act. and the amendments made by such section, relating to the coordination of HIV/AIDS programs).

(E) Establish priorities that promote the delivery of assistance to the most vulnerable populations of orphans and children, particularly in those countries with a high rate of HIV infection among women.

(F) Disseminate a collection of best practices to field missions of the United States Agency for International Development to guide the development and implementation of programs to assist orphans and vulnerable children.

(G) Administer the monitoring and evaluation system established in subsection (d).

(H) Prepare the annual report required by section 5 of the Assistance for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children in Developing Countries Act of 2005.

(f) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

(1) IN GENERAL.-There is authorized to be appropriated to the President to carry out this section such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 2006 and 2007.

(2) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.-Amounts made available under paragraph (1) are authorized to remain available until expended.

SEC. 135.136 ASSISTANCE TO PROVIDE SAFE WATER AND SANITATION. (a) PURPOSES.-The purposes of assistance authorized by this section are

(1) to promote good health, economic development, poverty reduction, women's empowerment, conflict prevention, and environmental sustainability by providing assistance to expand access to safe water and sanitation, promoting integrated water resource management, and improving hygiene for people around the world;

(2) to seek to reduce by one-half from the baseline year 1990 the proportion of people who are unable to reach or afford safe drinking water and the proportion of people without access to basic sanitation by 2015;

(3) to focus water and sanitation assistance toward the countries, locales, and people with the greatest need;

(4) to promote affordability and equity in the provision of access to safe water and sanitation for the very poor, women, and other vulnerable populations;

136 22 U.S.C. 2152h. Added by sec. 5(a) of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-121; 119 Stat. 2536).