International educational exchange activities-Summary of grants and source of funds for 1956 program-Continued 1 Finnish program authorized by Public Law 265, 81st Cong. 2 This statement does not include such items as private exchanges and foreign government projects facilitated by the International Educational Exchange Service. 3 This includes funds contributed by both foreign nationals and Americans residing in the other American Republics. Summary of requirements, fiscal year 1956-International Educational Exchange Appropriation: 1965 regular act. 1955 supplemental act.. Activities Add comparative transfers from: "Government in occupied areas". Base for 1956................ Net difference between 1955 and 1956: $14,700,000 $18,577, 547 Total for each geographic area would include pro rata shares of items 5, 6, and 7. Area program summary Other American Republics... Europe, including certain areas of the British Common- Far East, Hong Kong, and Pacific Trust Territories. World total... 22, 000, 000 NOTE.-The above figures include the distribution of domestic expenses prorated to the respective areas. 1 $310,464 is available pursuant to Public Law 265, 81st Cong. (Finnish Educational Exchange Act). 2 $193,078 is available from funds on hand previously acquired for Public Law 584 programs (Fulbright Act). 3 $35,000 is available in funds of the Irish Government which will be used for a Fulbright (Public Law 584) type program, and ($266,622) is available pursuant to Public Law 265, 81st Cong. EUR. FE. NEA. Total.. BUDGET PRESENTATION The budget for the 1956 fiscal year is presented in terms of area and country programs. These programs are estimated on the basis of the type of exchange activity. The total request for 1956 is $22 million of which $8,299,124 is in foreign currencies for Public Law 584 requirements. This budget request includes the German and Austrian programs previously carried under the appropriation "Government in occupied areas." The amounts obligated in 1954 and available in 1955 are included in the various statements contained herein to show comparability as between fiscal years. The amount of $8,299,124 to purchase foreign currencies for 1956 is based on the continuation of existing executive agreements, and the extension of a certain number of agreements. These agreements are entered into in accordance with the provisions of Public Law 584, 79th Congress, as amended by Public Law 400, 82d Congress and as furthered by Public Law 480, 83d Congress. Programs in 1955 are being carried out pursuant to executive agreements in 24 countries. It is planned to reactivate programs in South Korea and China (Formosa) in 1956. Executive agreements were signed with these countries on April 28, 1950, and November 10, 1947, respectively. Executive agreements with France, Greece, India, Italy, Norway, and the United Kingdom will be extended since the current reservation of funds will be exhausted in 1955. SUMMARY OF LAWS AUTHORIZING USE OF FUNDS FOR 1956 INTERNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE PROGRAM Annual appropriations 1. Public Law 402, 80th Congress, the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948, the Smith-Mundt Act.-Provides, among other things, the general basic authority for a reciprocal educational exchange program between the United States and other countries, and authorizes annual dollar appropriations from the United States Congress for that purpose. The first appropriations made by the Congress under this act were for the 1950 fiscal year. Funds for the 1956 operation of this program are included in this appropriation request. Funds under this act are used primarily for: (1) Grants for observation and consultation, for general lecturing, advice and consultation, or the acquiring of specialized practical experience in all countries except Finland where other dollar appropriations are available; (2) in conjunction with foreign currencies for priority projects in 24 countries where funds under the Fulbright Act are available; (3) all types of exchange grants in countries where funds under other acts are not available; (4) administration in the United States of programs under items 2, 4, and 6 below. 2. Public Law 584, 79th Congress, the Fulbright Act.-Provides that some of the foreign currencies owed to the United States as a result of surplus property sales abroad may be used to finance exchanges between the United States and certain foreign countries for study, teaching, lecturing, or advanced research. This act was passed on August 1, 1946. It was amended by Public Law 400, 82d Congress, the Mutual Security Act of 1952, to provide for the use of foreign currencies "held or available for expenditure by the United States or any agency thereof *** and not required by law or agreement *** to be expended or used for any other purpose." The purposes of Public Law 584 were furthered by Public Law 480, 83d Congress, the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954, which provides that one of the uses to which currencies accruing under this act may be put is "the financing of international educational exchange activities*** authorized pursuant to Public Law 584, 79th Congress, as amended." A provision of the Mutual Security Act of 1954 (Public Law 665, 83d Cong., sec. 514) also furthers this program by requiring the Secretary of the Treasury, upon request of the Secretary of State, to reserve foreign currencies for sale to the Department of State for international educational exchange activities. Programs financed in whole or in part with founds available under this act are proposed for operating in 24 countries in 1956. As incidated in this appropriation request, these foreign currency funds are used in conjunction with dollar funds appropriated under Public Law 402, the Smith-Mundt Act, in all of these countries except Finland where other dollar funds are similarly used. All of these foreign currency requirements are included in this appropriation request. |