any officer authorized to receive him, shall be imprisoned not more than three years and fined not more than $2,000. (R. S. Secs. 1553, 5455; Feb. 27, 1877, c. 69, Sec. 1, 19 Stat. 253, Mar. 4, 1909, c. 321, Sec. 42, 35 Stat. 1097.)

TITLE 50, SECTION 33. SEDITIOUS OR DISLOYAL ACTS OR WORDS IN TIME OF WAR. Whoever, when the United States is at war, shall willfully make or convey false reports or false statements with intent to interfere with the operation or success of the military or naval forces of the United States or to promote the success of its enemies and whoever, when the United States is at war, shall willfully cause or attempt to cause irsubordination, disloyalty, mutiny, or refusal of duty, in the military or naval forces of the United States, or shall willfully obstruct the recruiting or enlistment service of the United States, to the injury of the service of the United States, shall be punished by a fine of not more than $10,000 or imprisonment for not more than twenty years, or both. (June 15, 1917, o. 30, Title I, Sec. 3, 40 Stat. 219; Mar. 3, 1921; c. 136' 41 Stat. 1359.)

REGISTRATION OF SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS

That for the purpose of this Act-

(a) The term "Attorney General" means the Attorney General of the United States;

(b) The term "organization" means any group, club, league, society, committee, association, political party, or combination of individuals, whether incorporated or otherwise, but such term shall not include any corporation, association, community chest, fund or foundation, organized and operated exclusively for religious, charitable, scientific, literary, or educational purposes; (c) The term "political activity" means any activity the purpose or aim of which, or one of the purposes or aims of which, is the control by force or overthrow of the Government of the United States or a political subdivision thereof, or any State or political subdivision thereof; (d) An organization shall be deemed to be engaged in "civilian military activity" if (1) it gives instruction to, or prescribes instruction for, its members in the use of firearms or other weapons or any substitute therefor, or military or naval science, or (2) it receives from any other organization or from any individual instruction in military or naval science, or (3) it engages in any military or naval maneuvers or activities, or (4) it engages, either with or without arms, in drills or parades of a military or naval character, or (5) it engages in any other form of organized activity which in the opinion of the Attorney General constitutes preparation for military action; and

(e) An organization shall be deemed "subject to foreign control" if (1) it solicits or accepts financial contributions, loans, or support of any kind, directly or indirectly, from, or is affiliated directly or indirectly with, a foreign government or a political subdivision thereof, or an agent, agency, or instrumentality of a foreign government or political subdivision thereof, or a political party in a foreign country, or an international political organization, or (2) its policies, or any of them, are determined by or at the suggestion of, or in collaboration with, a foreign government or political subdivision thereof, or an agent, agency, or instrumentality of a foreign government or a political subdivision thereof, or a political party in a foreign country, or an international political organization.

Sec. 2. (a) The following organizations shall be required to register with the Attorney General as
hereinafter provided:

(1) Every organization subject to foreign control which engages in political activity;
(2) Every organization which engages both in civilian military activity and in political
activity;

(3) Every organization subject to foreign control which engages in civilian military activity; and
(4) Every organization, the purpose or aim of which, or one of the purposes or aims of which, is
the establishment, control, conduct, seizure, or overthrow of a government or subdivision
thereof by the use of force, violence, military measures, or threats of any one or more of
the foregoing.

Every such organization shall register by filing with the Attorney General, on such forms and in such
detail as the Attorney General may by rules and regulations prescribe, a registration statement con-
taining the information and documents prescribed in subsection (c) and shall within thirty days after
the expiration of each period of six months succeeding the filing of such registration statement, file
with the Attorney General, on such forms and in such detail as the Attorney General may by rules and
regulations prescribe, a supplemental statement containing such information and documents as may
be necessary to make the information and documents previously filed under this section accurate and cur-
rent with respect to such preceding six months' period. Every statement required to be filed by this
section shall be subscribed, under oath, by all of the officers of the organization.

(b) Nothing in subsection (a) shall be deemed to require registration or the filing of any statement with the Attorney General by (1) the armed forces of the United States, or (2) the organized militia or National Guard of any States, Territory, District, or possession of the United States, or (3) any law-enforcement agency of the United States or of any Territory, District, or possession thereof, or of any State or political subdivision of a State, or of any agency or instrumentality of one or more States, or (4) any duly established diplomatic mission or consular office of a foreign government which is so recognized by the Department of State, or (5) any nationally recognized organization of persons who are veterans of the armed forces of the United States, or affiliates of such organizations.

(c) Every registration statement required by subsection (a) to be filed by any organization shall contain the following information and documents:

(1) The name and post-office address of the organization in the United States, and the names and

addresses of all branches, chapters, and affiliates of such organization; (2) The name, address, and nationality of each officer, and of each person who performs the

functions of an officer, of the organization, and of each branch, chapter, and affiliate of the organization;

(3) The qualifications for membership in the organization;

(4) The existing and proposed aims and purposes of the organization, and all the means by which these aims or purposes are being attained or are to be attained;

(5) The address or addresses of meeting places of the organization, and of each branch, chapter,
or affiliate of the organization, and the times of meetings;

(6) The name and address of each person who has contributed any money, dues, property, or other
thing of value to the organization or to any branch, chapter, or affiliate of the organi-
zation;
(7) A detailed statement of the assets of the organization, and of each branch, chapter, and
affiliate of the organization, the manner in which such assets were acquired, and a detailed
statement of the liabilities and income of the organization and of each branch, chapter,
and affiliate of the organization;
(8) A detailed description of the activities of the organization, and of each chapter, branch,
and affiliate of the organization;

(9) A description of the uniforms, badges, insignia, or other means of identification pres-
cribed by the organization, and worn or carried by its officers or members, or any of such
officers or members;

(10) A copy of each book, pamphlet, leaflet, or other publication or item of written, printed,
or graphic matter issued or distributed directly or indirectly by the organization, or by
any chapter, branch, or affiliate of the organization, or by any of the members of the
organization under its authority or within its knowledge, together with the name of its
author or authors and the name and address of the publisher;

(11) A description of all firearms or other weapons owned by the organization, or by any chapter,
branch, or affiliate of the organization, identified by the manufacturer's number thereon;
(12) In case the organization is subject to foreign control, the manner in which it is so
subject;

(13) A copy of the charter, articles of association, constitution, bylaws, rules, regulations,
agreements, resolutions, and all other instruments relating to the organization, powers,
and purposes of the organization and to the powers of the officers of the organization
and of each chapter, branch, and affiliate of the organization; and

(14) Such other information and documents pertinent to the purposes of this Act as the Attorney General may from time to time require.

All statements filed under this section shall be public records and open to public examination and inspection at all reasonable hours under such rules and regulations as the Attorney General may prescribe.

Sec. 3. The Attorney General is authorized at any time to make, amend, and rescind such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act, including rules and regulations governing the statements required to be filed by this Act.

Sec. 4. Any violation of any of the provisions of this Act shall be punishable by a fine of not more than $10,000 or by imprisonment for not more than five years, or both. Whoever in a statement filed pursuant to section 2 willfully makes any false statement or willfully omits to state any fact which is required to be stated, or which is necessary to make the statements made not misleading, shall, upon conviction, be subject to a fine of not more than $2,000 or to imprisonment for not more than five years, or both.

Sec. 5. If any provision of this Act, or the application thereof to any person or circumstances, is held invalid, the remainder of the Act, and the application of such provisions to other persons or circumstances, shall not be affected thereby.

Sec. 6. This Act shall take effect on the ninetieth day after the date of its enactment, except that prior to such ninetieth day the Attorney General may make, amend, or rescind such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act. (Act of October 17, 1940, Public #870, 76th Cong., 3rd Session)

TITLE 22, Section 233a.

REGISTRATION OF ALIENS

REGISTRATION OF FOREIGN PROPAGANDISTS; DEFINITIONS. As used in this Act

(a) The term "person" means an individual, partnership, association, or corporation;
(b) The term "United States" includes the United States and any place subject to the jurisdiction
thereof

(c) The term "foreign principal" includes the government of a foreign country, a political party of a foreign country, a person domiciled abroad, any foreign business, partnership, association, corporation or political organization, or a domestic organization subsidized, directly or indirectly, in whole or in part by any of the entities described herein;

(d) The term "agent of a foreign principal" means any person who acts or engages or agrees to act as a public-relations counsel, publicity agent, or as agent, servant, representative, or attorney for a foreign principal, and shall include any person who receives compensation from or is under the direction of a foreign principal: Provided, however, That such term shall not include-- (1) a duly accredited diplomatic or consular officer of a foreign government who is so recognized by the

Department of State of the United States; nor (2) any official of a foreign government recognized by the United States as a government other than a public-relations counsel or publicity agent or a citizen of the United States, whose status and the character of whose duties as such official are of record in the Department of State of the United States; nor (3) any member of the staff of or person employed by a duly accredited diplomatic or consular officer of a foreign government who is so recognized by the Department of State of the United States, other than a public-relations counsel or publicity agent, whose status and the character of whose duties as such member or employee are of record in the Department of State of the United States; nor (4) any person performing only private, nonpolitical, financial, mercantile, or other activities in furtherance of the bona fide trade or commerce of such foreign principal; nor (5) any person engaged only in activities in furtherance of bona fide religious, scholastic, academic, or scientific pursuits or of the fine arts. (e) The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of State of the United States. (June 8, 1938, c. 327, Sec. 1, 52 Stat. 631, as amended Aug. 7, 1939, c. 521, Sec. 1, 53 Stat. 1244.)

TITLE 22, Section 233b. REGISTRATION OF FOREIGN PROPAGANDISTS; REGISTRATION STATEMENT, FILING, CONTENTS. Every person who is now an agent of a foreign principal shall, within thirty days after this Act takes effect, and every person who shall hereafter become an agent of a foreign principal shall forthwith file with the Secretary a registration statement, under oath, on a form prescribed by the Secretary which shall set forth-

(a) The name, business address, and residence address of the registrant;

(b) The name of the foreign principal or other person or organization for which such person is acting as agent; (c) A copy of all contracts of employment under which such person acts or agrees to act as such agent, if written, or a full statement of the terms and conditions thereof, if oral;

(d) The date when each such contract was made, the date of commencement of activity thereunder, and the period during which such contract is to be in effect;

(e) The compensation to be paid, if any, and the form and time of payment, under such contract;

(f) The name of every foreign principal, or other person or organization which has contributed or which has promised to contribute to the compensation provided in such contract; and

(g) If the registrant be a partnership, association, or corporation, a true and complete copy of its charter, articles of incorporation, copartnership association, constitution, and bylaws, and any other instrument or instruments relating to its organization, powers, and purposes. (June 8, 1938, c. 327, Sec. 2, 52 Stat. 632.)

TITLE 22, Section 2330. REGISTRATION OF FOREIGN PROPAGANDISTS; ADDITIONAL STATEMENT AFTER SIX MONTHS, CONTENTS. Every person who has filed a registration statement required by section 2336 of this title shall, within thirty days after the expiration of each period of six months succeeding the first filing, file with the Secretary a statement, under oath, on a form prescribed by the Secretary, which shall set forth ith respect to such preceding six months' period-

(a) Such facts as may be necessary to make the information required under section 2336 of this title accurate and current with respect to such period;

(b) The amount and form of compensation received by such person for acting as agent for a foreign principal which has been received during such six months' period either directly or indirectly from any foreign principal; and (0) A statement containing such details required under this Act as the Secretary shall fix, of the activities of such person as agent of a foreign principal during such six months' period. (June 8, 1938. c. 327, Sec. 3, 52 Stat. 632, as amended Aug. 7, 1939, o. 521, Sec. 2, 53 Stat. 1245.)

TITLE 22, Sec. 233d. REGISTRATION OF FOREIGN PROPAGANDISTS; PERMANENT RECORD; PUBLIC INSPECTION. The Secretary shall retain in permanent form all statements filed under this Act, and such statements shall be public records and open to public examination and inspection at all reasonable hours, under such rules and regulations as the Secretary may prescribe: Provided, That the Secretary is hereby authorized to withdraw from the public records the registration statement of any person whose activities have ceased to be of a character which requires registration under the terms of this Act. (June 8, 1938, c. 327, Sec. 4, 52 Stat. 632 as amended Aug. 7, 1939, c. 521, Sec. 3, 53 Stat. 1246.)

TITLE 22, Sec. 2330. REGISTRATION OF FOREIGN PROPAGANDISTS; FAILURE TO REGISTER; FALSE STATEMENT; OMISSION OF MATERIAL FACTS; PENALTIES. Any person who willfully fails to file any statement required to be filed under this Act, or in complying with the provisions of this Act, makes a false statement of a material fact, or willfully omits to state any material fact required to be stated therein shall, on conviction thereof, be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000 or imprisonment for not more than two years, or both. (June 8, 1938, c. 327, Sec. 5, 52 Stat. 633.)

TITLE 22, Sec. 233f. REGISTRATION OF FOREIGN PROPAGANDISTS; DEFINITIONS; RULES, REGULATIONS, AND FORMS. The Secretary is authorized and directed to prescribe such rules, regulations, and forms as may be necessary to carry out this Act. (June 8, 1938, c. 327, Sec. 6, 52 Stat. 633.)

TITLE 22, Sec. 233. ACTING AS FOREIGN GOVERNMENTAL AGENT WITHOUT NOTICE TO SECRETARY OF STATE. Whoever, other than a diplomatic or consular officer or attache, shall act in the United States as an agent of a foreign government without prior notification to the Secretary of State, shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than ten years and may, in the discretion of the court, be fined not more than $5,000. (June 15, 1917. c. 30, Title VIII, Sec. 3, 40 Stat. 226, Act of March 28, 1940, Public #43, 76th Cong. 3rd Sess.)

ESPIONAGE

Title 50, Sec. 31. UNLAWFULLY OBTAINING OR PERMITTING TO BE OBTAINED INFORMATION AFFECTING NATIONAL DEFENSE.

(a) Whoever, for the purpose of obtaining information respecting the national defense with intent or reason to believe that the information to be obtained is to be used to the injury of the United States, or to the advantage of any foreign nation, goes upon, enters, flies over, or otherwise obtains information concerning any vessel, aircraft, work of defense, navy yard, naval station, submarine base, coaling station, fort, battery, torpedo station, dockyard, canal, railroad, arsenal, camp, factory, mine, telegraph, telephone, wireless, or signal station, building, office, or other place connected with the national defense, owned or constructed, or in progress of construction by the United States or under the control of the United States, or of any of its officers or agents, or within the exclusive jurisdiction of the United States, or any place in which any vessel, aircraft, arms, munitions, or other materials or instruments for use in time of war are being made, prepared, repaired, or stored, under any contract or agreement with the United States, or with any person on behalf of the United States, or otherwise on behalf of the United States, or any prohibited place within the meaning of section 36 of this title, (prohibited places designated by proclamation); or

(b) whoever for the purpose aforesaid, and with like intent or reason to believe, copies, takes, makes, or obtains, or attempts, or induces or aids another to copy, take, make, or obtain, any sketch, photograph, photographic negative, blueprint, plan, map, model, instrument, appliance, document, writing, or note of anything connected with the national defense; or

(c) whoever, for the purpose aforesaid, receives or obtains or agrees or attempts or induces or aids another to receive or obtain from any person, or from any source whatever, any document, writing, code book, signal book, sketch, photograph, photographic negative, blueprint, plan, map, model, instrument, appliance, or note, of anything connected with the national defense, knowing or having reason to believe, at the time he receives or obtains, or agrees or attempts or induces or aids another to receive or obtain it, that it has been or will be obtained, taken, made or disposed of by any person contrary to the provisions of this title; or

(d) whoever, lawfully or unlawfully having possession of, access to, control over, or being intrusted with any document, writing, code book, signal book, sketch, photograph, photographic negative, blueprint, plan, map, model, instrument, appliance, or note relating to the national defense, willfully communicates or transmits or attempts to communicate or transmit the same to any person not entitled to receive it, or willfully retains the same and fails to deliver it on demand to the officer or employee of the United States entitled to receive it; or

(e) whoever, being instructed with or having lawful possession or control of any document, writing, Jode book, signal book, sketch, photograph, photographic negative, blueprint, plan, map, model, note, or information, relating to the national defense, through gross negligence permits the same to be removed from its proper place of custody or delivered to anyone in violation of his trust, or to be lost, stolen, abstracted, or destroyed, shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than ten years and may, in the discretion of the court, be fined not more than $10,000. (June 15, 1917, c. 30, Title I, Sec. 1; 40 Stat. 217. Act of March 28, 1940; Public No. 443, 76th Congress, 3d Session.)

TITLE 50, Sec. 32. UNLAWFULLY DISCLOSING INFORMATION AFFECTING NATIONAL DEFENSE. Whoever, with intent or reason to believe that it is to be used to the injury of the United States or to the advantage of a foreign nation, communicates, delivers, or transmits, or attempts to, or aias or induce anner to communicate, deliver, or transmit, to any foreign government, or to any faction or party or military or naval force within a foreign country, whether recognized or unrecognized by the United States, or to any representative, officer, agent, employee, subject, or citizen thereof, either directly or indirectly, any document, writing, code book, signal book, sketch, photograph, photographic negative, blue print, plan, map, model, note, instrument, appliance, or information relating to the national defense, shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than twenty years: Provided, That whoever shall violate the provisions of subsection (a) of this section in time of war shall be punished by death or by imprisonment for not more than thirty years; and (b) whoever, in time of war, with intent that the same shall be communicated to the enemy, shall collect, record, publish, or communicate, or attempt to elicit any information with respect to the movement, numbers, description, condition, or disposition of any of the armed forces, ships, aircraft, or war materials of the United States, or with respect to the plans or conduct, or supposed plans or conduct of any naval or military operations, or with respect to any works or measures undertaken for or connected with, or intended for the fortification or defense of any place, or any other information relating to the public defense, which might be useful to the enemy, shall be punished by death or by imprisonment for not more than thirty years. (June 15, 1917, c. 30, Title I, Sec. 2, 40 Stat. 218.)

Title 50, Sec. 45. PHOTOGRAPHING, ETC., DEFENSIVE INSTALLATIONS REGULATED: PENALTIES. Whenever, in the interests of national defense, the President shall define certain vital military and naval installations or equipment as requiring protection against the general dissemination of information relative thereto, it shall be unlawful to make any photograph, sketch, picture, drawing, map, or graphical representation of such vital military and naval installations or equipment without first obtaining permission of the commanding officer of the military or naval post, camp, or station concerned, or higher authority, and promptly submitting the product obtained to such commanding officer or higher authority for censorship or such other action he may deem necessary. Any person found guilty of a violation of this section shall upon conviction be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000 or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or by both such fine and imprisonment. (Jan. 12, 1938, c. 2, Sec. 1, 52 Stat. 3.)

TITLE 50, Sec. 45a. PHOTOGRAPHING, ETC., FROM AIRCRAFT. Any person who uses or permits or procures the use of an aircraft for the purpose of making a photograph, sketch, picture, drawing, map, or graphical rep

resentation of vital military or naval installations or equipment, in violation of section 45 of this title shall be liable to the penalty therein provided. (Jan. 12, 1938, c. 2, Sec 2, 52 Stat. 3.)

TITLE 50, Section 456. REPRODUCING, PUBLISHING, SELLING, ETC., UNCENSORED COPIES. On and after thirty days from the date upon which the President defines any vital military or naval installation or equipment as being within the category contemplated under section 45 of this title, it shall be unlawful for any person to reproduce, publish, sell, or give away any photograph, sketch, picture, drawing, map, or graphical representation of the vital military or naval installations or equipment so defined, without first obtaining permission of the commanding officer of the military or naval post, camp, or station concerned, or higher authority, unless such photograph, sketch, picture, drawing, map, or graphical representation has slearly indicated thereon that it has been censored by the proper military or naval authority. Any person found guilty of a violation of this section shall upon conviction be punished as provided in section 45 of this title. (Jan. 12, 1938, c. 2, Sec. 3, 52 Stat. 3.)

TITLE 10, Sec. 310 (1). ENCOURAGEMENT OF AVIATION. (1) ELIGIBILITY FOR AWARD OF CONTRACT RESTRICTED TO CITIZENS; EMPLOYMENT OF ALIENS. Only citizens of the United States, and corporations of which not less than three-fourths of the capital stock is owned by citizens of the United States, and of which the members of the boards of directors are citizens of the United States, and having manufacturing plants located within the continental limits of the United States shall be eligible to be awarded any contract under this section to furnish or construct aircraft, aircraft parts, or aeronautical accessories for the United States Government, except that a domestic corporation whose stock shall be listed on a stock exchange shall not be barred by the provisions of this section unless and until foreign ownership or control of a majority of its stock shall be known to the Secretary of War or the Secretary of the Navy, as the case may be, and no aliens employed by a contractor for furnishing or constructing aircraft, or aircraft parts, or aeronautical accessories for the United States shall be permitted to have access to the plans or specifications or the work under construction or to participate in the contract trials without the written consent beforehand of the Secretary of the department concerned. (July 2, 1926, c. 721, Sec. 10, 44 Stat. 784; Mar. 3, 1927, .. 345. W Stat. 1380.)

SABOTAGE. TRESPASS, THEFT OF GOVERNMENT PROPERTY, FRAUDS AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT

That the first paragraph of section 1 of the Act approved April 20, 1918, entitled "An Act to punish the willful injury or destruction of war material, or of war premises or utilities used in connection with war material, and for other purposes" (40 Stat. 533; U. S. C., title 50, secs. 101-103), is amended by striking out the word "the" immediately preceding the word "war".

The fourth paragraph of section 1 of such Act is amended to read as follows:

"The words 'United States' used in this Act in a geographical sense shall include the Philippine Islands, the Panama Canal Zone, and all other territory and waters, continental and insular, subject to the jurisdiction of the United Sates as thus defined."

Such Act of April 20, 1918, is further amended by adding at the end thereof the following sections: "Sec. 4. That the words 'national-defense material', as used herein, shall include arms, armament, ammunition, livestock, stores of clothing, food, foodstuffs, fuel, supplies, munitions, and all other articles of whatever description and any part or ingredient thereof, intended for the use of the United States in connection with the national defense.

"The words 'national-defense premises', as used herein, shall include all buildings, grounds, mines, or other places wherein such national-defense material is being produced, manufactured, repaired, stored, mined, extracted, distributed, loaded, unloaded, or transported, together with all machinery and appliances therein contained; and all forts, arsenals, navy yards, camps, prisons, or other military or naval stations of the United States.

"The words 'national-defense utilities', as used herein, shall include all railroads, railways, electric lines, roads of whatever description, railroad or railway fixture, canal, lock, dam, wharf, pier, dock, bridge, building, structure, engine, machine, mechanical contrivance, car, vehicle, boat, or aircraft, or any other means of transportation whatsoever, whereon or whereby such national-defense material, or any troops of the United States, are being or may be transported either within the limits of the United States or upon the high seas; and all dams, reservoirs, aqueducts, water and gas mains and pipes, structures, and buildings, whereby or in connection with which water or gas may be furnished to any national-defense premises or to the military or naval forces of the United States, and all electric light and power, steam or pneumatic power, telephone and telegraph plants, poles, wires, and fixtures and wireless stations, and the buildings connected with the maintenance and operation thereof used to supply water, light, heat, power, or facilities of communication to any national-defense premises or to the military or naval forces of the United States.

"Sec. 5. That whoever, with intent to injure, interfere with, or obstruct the national defense of the United States, shall willfully injure or destroy, or shall attempt to so injure or destroy, any nationaldefense material, national-defense premises, or national-defense utilities, as herein defined, shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both. "Sec. 6. That whoever, with intent to injure, interfere with, or obstruct the national defense of the United States, shall willfully make or cause to be made in a defective manner, or attempt to make or cause to be made in a defective manner, any national-defense material, as herein defined, or any tool, implement, machine, utensil, or receptacle used or employed in making, producing, manufacturing, or repairing any such national-defense material, as herein defined, shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both." (Act of November 30, 1940, Public #886, 76th Cong., 3rd Session)