same editors, and was published daily until December 6, 1712. In this second venture Addison took a larger hand, contributing 274 papers to Steele's 236; and though the idea was again Steele's, The Spectator is generally said to show the ascendancy of Addison.

In 1713 Steele was elected to Parliament, and in the following year was expelled for favoring the succession of the House of Hanover. On the accession of George I Steele was reëlected to Parliament, received a lucrative appointment, and was knighted.

STEELE.

The Quarrel with Addi

son.

- The most unfortunate event of Steele's life took place in 1719, when he and Addison became involved on opposite sides in a political controversy. Sharp words were used by both; and when Addison died a few months afterward no reconciliation had occurred. The estrangement led Dr. Johnson to moralize in these words: "Every reader surely must regret that these two illustrious friends, after so many years passed in confidence and endearment, in unity of interest, conformity of opinion, and fellowship of study, should finally part in acrimonious opposition. Why could not faction find

other advocates? but among the uncertainties of the human state, we are doomed to number the instability of friendship."

Extrav

His first

to have

by her

some rel

impulsive Captain

however,

to his mother, Addison's seems equally due to his learned, highly-respected, self-sufficient, literary father. What is generally regarded as nearly a portrait of himself is found in number one of The Spectator, in which "The Spectator introduces himself."

In Magdalen College Grounds.

School and College. Addison first attended schools near home; then in Salisbury, where his father had received an appointment in the cathedral; then in Lichfield, where his father had been made dean. At the age of fourteen he entered Charterhouse, and at the age of fifteen, Queen's College, Oxford. His work at Queen's brought him a scholarship at Magdalen, the college from which he was

to these

number o him even

political positions,
In 1716 he married

rising, in 1717, to be Secretary of State.
the Countess (Dowager) of Warwick, who according to
common tradition made him a far from ideal mate.

ADDISON.

At

present one had better say that
the evidence on this point seems
entirely inconclusive.

Ill health

The Death Scene. -
forced him to resign his secre-
taryship after a year; and a
year after his resignation he
died. Probably no historian or
biographer would dare conclude

a sketch of Addison without relating that on his death-bed he called in the wild young Earl of Warwick, and said to him: "See how a Christian can die." Most of those telling this incident seem to imply that it is a model scene for such occasions.

One can appreciate Addison's value to his time as a moral force without subscribing fully to such a panegyric as Macaulay pronounced upon him; and however highly one may regard his character, he was too truly a product of his age to be a model Christian.

By mentioning the difficulty of considering the work of Steele and Addison separately we have not meant that the essays of the two are not really distinguishable. Outside of the periodicals there is, of course, no difficulty; and only a few numbers of The Tatler and The Spectator are of doubtful authorship.

The De

Bent abo

the writi Rezer or to the Ba