It was the Soviet Union that came up with a proposal to conclude a treaty on the complete and general prohibition of nuclear weapon tests, which was widely supported in the United Nations. But the other nuclear powers refused to sit down at a conference table to work out an appropriate agreement.

All these proposals remain in force. Most of them, together with other concrete proposals, have been included in the "programme of further struggle for peace and international cooperation, for the freedom and independence of the peoples," which was approved by the 25th Congress of the CPSU, and for the implementation of which our party and our state are working now.

I think, comrades, that what I said is quite enough to reply correctly to the question as to who really wants to curb the arms race and who whips it up by his actions.

Experience shows that achieving a lasting peace is a complicated job which takes much energy, perseverance and persistence. Shortly after the October Revolution, V. I. Lenin, speaking of the tasks of the Soviet state in the struggle to bring the First World War to an end, stressed:

It is highly naive to think that peace can be easily attained, and that the bourgeoisie will hand it to us on a platter as soon as we mention it. (Works, vol. 26, p. 345, English edition.)

These words by V. I. Lenin hold true also today. I can assure you, comrades, that our party will not relax its efforts in the struggle for peace and the security of the peoples.

[In this context, we attach as before great importance to improvement of Soviet-American relations, to strict observance by both sides of the relevant treaties and agreements that were signed between the USSR and the USA in recent years, as well as to the conclusion of new agreements that would consolidate and continue the work started in 1972 and 1973.]5

A successful conclusion of the drawn-out work of drafting a new strategic arms limitation agreement would be, of course, a thing of paramount importance. The Soviet Union has always displayed goodwill and a constructive approach to this matter.

Therefore it strikes one as strange to hear sometimes calls from responsible circles in the USA for an accelerated armament because of the delay of talks with the Soviet Union, delay of several months which, it must be said, is due to no fault of ours.

Comrades, it is not easy to defuse the power keg, or to be more exact the atomic keg into which Europe has been turned today. But it is very important to start moving in this direction. In present day conditions, any concrete measures aimed at preserving and strengthening the be

Б

• Ibid., pp. 482-490.

The passage enclosed in the brackets was included in the Tass version but omitted in the live and recorded versions.

ginnings of trust that are shaping up in East-West relations, are extremely valuable.

The Soviet Union, loyal as it is to the spirit and letter of the Helsinki accords, duly informs the parties to the European conference about military exercises held in border zones and invites observers from neighbouring states to watch them.

As is known, the socialist countries have repeatedly suggested a simultaneous disbandment of the North Atlantic and the Warsaw Treaty organizations or, as a preliminary step, the liquidation of their military organizations.

We are, of course, far from the idea of equating the two organizations. The Warsaw Treaty is a purely defensive organization. As to NATO, this bloc was established as an instrument of aggression and of suppression of the liberation struggle of the peoples and it remains such, whatever is done to embellish its activities. But we are against the division of the world into military blocs on principle and are prepared to do everything possible for the two groupings to cease their activities simultaneously.

Comrades, the European peoples are heirs to and continuers of the noble traditions which have become part and parcel of world culture. Needless to say, these great traditions place great obligations upon the Europeans in this age.

There is also another factor: Europe has been the source of the most terrible wars in the history of mankind. No less than a hundred million human lives lost-such is the bloody balance sheet of European history to this day. This is also the Europeans' contribution to the history of mankind. But what a horrible contribution, a contribution which warns us and places obligations upon us. It obligates us to think over the past for the sake of the future.

Europe has entered a basically new epoch, which differs radically from everything it had before. To fail to understand this would be for the Europeans to head for a catastrophe.

As the old saying goes, "they that take the sword shall perish with the sword." In present-day Europe, they who take the sword will not only perish themselves. They cannot even imagine who else will perish together with them in the fire-enemies, friends, allies, or just neighbours, close and distant ones.

The very idea of using nuclear weapons in the territory of Europe seems monstrous to the Soviet people. The house of Europe has become extremely small and can easily catch fire. There is no and will be no fire brigade capable of extinguishing the fire if it really breaks out.

Indeed, peace has become a vital necessity for Europe and the Europeans. Therefore, we communists, proponents of the most humanitarian, life-asserting world outlook, believe that it is now more important. than ever before to pave the way for the relaxation of military tension and to stop the arms race.

International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976 [Extracts], June 30, 1976 1

AN ACT

To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 and the Foreign Military Sales Act, and for other purposes.

International
Security

Assistance and
Arms Export
Control Act

of 1976.

22 USC 2151 note.

22 USC 2312.

Limitation.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That this Act may be cited as the "International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976".

TITLE I-MILITARY ASSISTANCE

PROGRAM

AUTHORIZATION

SEC. 101. Section 504 (a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended to read as follows:

"(a) (1) There is authorized to be appropriated to the President to carry out the purposes of this chapter $196,700,000 for the fiscal year 1976 and $177,300,000 for the fiscal year 1977. Not more than the following amounts of funds available for carrying out this chapter (other than funds appropriated under section 507 of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976) may be allocated and made available to each of the following countries for such fiscal years:

1

1 Public Law 94-329, 94th Cong. The President vetoed an earlier version of this bill. For the veto message, see ante, pp. 288-291. For the Senate Foreign Relations Committee report on the revised Senate bill, see ante, pp. 309–317, and for the House International Relations Committee report on the revised House bill, see ante, pp. 317-323. The Conference report on the revised bills is not printed here; see H. rept. 94-1272, 94th Cong., 2d Sess., June 16, 1976. The bill enacted here (H.R. 13680) is actually a substitute for both the Senate and House bills (S. 3439 and H.R. 13680).

The amount specified in this paragraph for military assistance to any such country for fiscal year 1976 or for fiscal year 1977 may be increased by not more than 10 per centum of such amount if the President deems such increase necessary for the purposes of this chapter.

"(2) Not to exceed $6,000,000 of the funds available. for fiscal year 1976 to carry out the purposes of this chapter, and not to exceed $3,700,000 of the funds available for fiscal year 1977 to carry out the purposes of this chapter (other than funds appropriated under section 507 of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976, may be used to provide assistance to international organizations and, subject to the limitations contained in paragraph (3), to countries which are not designated in paragraph (1).

"(3) Funds available for assistance under this chapter may not be used to furnish assistance to more than 20 countries (including those countries designated in paragraph (1)) in fiscal year 1976. Funds available for assistance under this chapter (other than funds appropriated under section 507 of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976) may not be used to furnish assistance to more than 12 countries (including those countries designated in paragraph (1)) in fiscal year 1977.

"(4) The authority of section 610(a) and of section. 614(a) may not be used to increase any amount specified in paragraph (1) or (2). The limitations contained in paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) shall not apply to emergency assistance furnished under section 506(a).

"(5) There is authorized to be appropriated to the President, for administrative and other related expenses incurred in carrying out the purposes of this chapter, $32,000,000 for the fiscal year 1976 and $70,000,000 for the fiscal year 1977.

"(6) None of the funds appropriated under this subsection shall be used to furnish sophisticated weapons systems, such as missile systems or jet aircraft for military purposes, to any less developed country not specified in paragraph (1) unless the President determines that the furnishing of such weapons systems is important to the national security of the United States and reports within thirty days each such determination to the Congress.

"(7) Amounts appropriated under this subsection. are authorized to remain available until expended.

22 USC 2351, 2364.

Infra. Appropriation authorization.

Prohibition.

22 USC 2370.

22 USC 2318.

22 USC 2411.

22 USC 2321h.

"(8) Assistance for Turkey under this chapter shall be subject to the requirements of section 620 (x) of this Act.".

SPECIAL AUTHORITY

SEC. 102. Section 506 (a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended to read as follows:

"(a) (1) If the President first determines and reports to Congress in accordance with section 652 of this Act—

"(A) that an unforeseen emergency exists which requires immediate military assistance to a foreign country or international organization;

"(B) that a failure to respond immediately to that emergency will result in serious harm to vital United States security interests; and

"(C) that the emergency requirement cannot be met under authority of the Arms Export Control Act or any other law except this section;

he may order defense articles from the stocks of the Department of Defense and defense services for the purposes of this part, subject to reimbursement from subsequent appropriations made specifically therefor under subsection (b).

"(2) The total value of defense articles and defense services ordered under this subsection in any fiscal year may not exceed $67,500,000. The authority contained in this subsection shall be effective in any fiscal year only to the extent provided in an appropriation Act.

"(3) The President shall keep the Congress fully and currently informed of all defense articles and defense services ordered under this subsection.".

STOCKPILING OF DEFENSE ARTICLES FOR FOREIGN

COUNTRIES

SEC. 103. Section 514 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended to read as follows:

"SEC. 514. STOCKPILING OF DEFENSE ARTICLES FOR FOREIGN COUNTRIES.-(a) No defense article in the inventory of the Department of Defense which is set aside, reserved, or in any way earmarked or intended for future use by any foreign country may be made available to. or for use by any foreign country unless such transfer is authorized under this Act or the Arms Export Control Act, or any subsequent corresponding legislation, and the value of such transfer is charged against funds authorized under such legislation or against the limitations specified in such legis