List will reduce the administrative task of both business enterprises which sell these commodities and the Government. Business firms will no longer be required to apply for and await the issuance of a license before agreeing to a transaction. The changes in the List will also facilitate

B

BULGARIA

Document V-6

Announcement Issued by the Department of State, November 28, 19661

United States-Bulgarian Decision To Raise Their Legations to Embassy Status

On the basis of mutual agreement, the Governments of the United States of America and of the People's Republic of Bulgaria have decided to raise their diplomatic representation to the level of Embassy.

CZECHOSLOVAKIA

Document V-7

Memorandum of Understanding Between the National Academy of Sciences of the United States and the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Effective July 1, 1966*

the President's objective of expanding peaceful trade with Eastern Europe.

1 Department of State Bulletin, Dec. 19, 1966, p. 925. On Nov. 28, 1966, the United States and Hungary, as well as Bulgaria, decided to raise their legations to embassy status (post, doc. V-9). This change was

The Commodity Control List has also been revised to remove a few commodities from licensing controls for shipments to Hong Kong, Macao, and other countries.

United States-Czechoslovak Scientific Exchange Program, 1966-1969

I. GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF THE SCIENTIFIC EXCHANGE PROGRAM

A. The exchange program comprises all the disciplines in which the two Academies are mutually competent: the physical, chemical, and biological sciences, including mathematics, engineering sciences, and behavioral sciences.

B. Each Academy will encourage and support direct contacts between institutions and scientists in addition to those that are included in this exchange program.

C. The Academies will support and help each other to establish contacts with institutions outside their respective jurisdictions, and may request each other's assistance in resolving problems that arise in connection with the scientific exchange program.

D. The final determination of the acceptability of each visit within this program will be made by the receiv

proposed by the United States on Nov. 11, 1966, and quickly accepted by Bulgaria and Hungary. At a news conference on Nov. 28, 1966, the Director of the Office of News (McCloskey), Department of State, said it was "in keeping with the President's desire", stated in his address on Oct. 7, 1966 (ante, doc. IV-32), "to improve relations in Eastern Europe." (The New York Times, Nov. 29, 1966.)

2 Text issued by the National Academy of Sciences of the United States.

ing Academy, although the initiative about any visit may be taken by either Academy.

E. In order best to meet the needs of scientists of the United States and Czechoslovakia, the provisions of this understanding may be implemented in a flexible manner which implies no precise matching of the number of visits, permits easy convertibility of one type of visit into another, and encourages each Academy to take into account as much as possible the wishes of the receiving Academy with regard to the selection of scientists.

F. For the purpose of this Memorandum, the period of a year shall be understood to begin on September 1 and end the next August 31.

II. TYPE AND SCOPE OF EXCHANGE

A. This Memorandum provides for short visits for lecturing, conducting seminars, surveying current research and exchanging professional views, as well as for longer visits for conducting research, including field trips inside the host country in the appropriate disciplines.

B. Considering their financial resources, the Academies agree to support, within this program, approximately 4 short-term visits and 4 long-term visits in each direction annually, for a total of up to 40 manmonths.

C. A short-term visit will generally be of about one month's duration; a long-term visit, of 3 to 12 months' duration.

D. Nomination of scientists for exchange visits can be made at any time, but not later than 3 months in advance of the beginning of a short-term visit and not later than 5 months in advance of the beginning of a longterm visit. A response should be given no later than 2 months after receipt of nomination for a short-term visit and no later than 3 months after receipt of nomination for a long-term visit.

III. PROCEDURES

The nomination of a scientist will be accompanied by information about his educational background, present position, teaching and research experience, field of specialization, and

major publications. In addition, the nomination will include a list of scientific institutions, laboratories, and scientists that the nominee wishes to visit, or of institutions in which he wishes placement for research, and a list of principal materials necessary for his experimental work. Acceptance of a nomination will define the scientific and financial obligations of the receiving Academy, although changes in the program of the visiting scientist may be made after arrival in the host country upon mutual agreement of the guest scientist and the receiving Academy. Every effort will be made by the receiving Academy to arrange the program of the visiting scientist so that he will receive maximum scientific benefit from his visit. For this purpose, at the request of the sending Academy, additional information will be supplied by the host Academy about scientific laboratories that may be of interest to the visiting scientist.

IV. FINANCIAL PROVISIONS

A. Each Academy agrees to support financially, in the manner described in the following paragraphs, about 4 short-term and 4 long-term exchange scientists a year for visits totaling about 40 man-months a year.

B. Each Academy will provide, or meet the expense of, the following necessities for each exchange scientist: lodging, domestic transportation connected with the scientific purpose of his visit, cost of materials or services connected with his scientific research, medical services, and subsistence. Lodging will be appropriate to the professional level and status of each exchange scientist.

C. Subsistence will be provided to guest scientists at mutually agreed rates.

D. International transportation shall be provided to exchange scientists by the sending Academy. The destination for scientists from the U.S.A. shall normally be Prague and for scientists from Czechoslovakia, Washington, D.C.

V. DURATION OF UNDERSTANDING

This Memorandum of Understanding will take effect upon agreement by the responsible officers of the two Academies and shall continue in effect for a period of three years from that date.

Document V-8

Replies Made by the Secretary of State (Rusk) to Questions Asked at a News Conference, November 18, 1966 (Excerpts) $

United States Call for Expeditious Settlement of the Case of Vladimir KazanKomarek, an American Citizen Detained in Czechoslovakia

On the last point, the case of Mr. Kazan-Komarek, we are pressing very hard for immediate consular access to this gentleman, who is an American citizen. We have been very much disturbed by the circumstances under which he was pulled off of an airplane that was making what was described as an emergency landing in Prague,* and for reasons that were not disclosed to us, and without consular access.

He was a member of a travel bureau, accredited to Intourist. He had been invited to Moscow for a travel conference by the Soviet Union. He was returning on a Soviet plane that he had no reason to believe would be touching down in Prague. As a former Czech, obviously that is a matter in which he would have some interest.

We do not like the circumstances of this man's treatment. We are trying to get consular access. We would hope that it would be speedily resolved.

This is one of those things which can have an influence on bilateral relations between ourselves and Czechoslovakia, and we would prefer to see

At a news conference on July 13, 1966, the Department of State disclosed that a Department employee, Frank J. Mrkva, had thwarted successive efforts, beginning on Nov. 30, 1961, by two Czechoslovak diplomats in Washington, Zdenek Pisk and Jiri Opatrny, to enlist Mr. Mrkva in espionage activities, including an attempt to plant a listening device in the office of Raymond E. Lisle, Director of the Office of Eastern European Affairs, Department of State. On July 13, 1966, the Department told the Czechoslovak Embassy that Mr. Opatrny, an attaché in the embassy, was being ordered to leave the United States within 3 days and said U.N. Secretary-General Thant was being informed of the previous activities of Mr. Pisk, at this time the First Secretary of

the matter settled expeditiously and in accord with general practice in matters of this sort.

I don't believe that particular [Kazan-Komarek] incident has an organic connection with the [U.S.Soviet] Civil Air Agreement, or we would not link the two. We are, of course, interested in the circumstances in which that plane stopped off in Prague and what the Soviet Union can do about one of its invited guests who was taken off the plane during its stop in Prague. And we are in touch with the Soviet Union on that subject.'

THE GERMAN "DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC"

[See ante, docs. II-20 and IV-46-54.]

HUNGARY

Document V-9

Announcement Issued by the Department of State, November 28, 1966"

United States-Hungarian Decision To Raise Their Legations to Embassy Status

On the basis of mutual agreement, the Governments of the United States

the Czechoslovak U.N. Mission. On July 15, 1966, the Department of State announced that the Czechoslovak Government had expelled an official of the U.S. Embassy in Prague, G. Edward Reynolds, in retaliation for the expulsion of Mr. Opatrny. (The New York Times, July 14 and 16, 1966.) 6 Post, doc. VI-16.

On Nov. 18, 1966, the Soviet Union denied any collusion in the arrest of Mr. KazanKomarek (The New York Times, Nov. 19, 1966). It was reported on Jan. 16, 1967, that the United States was withholding visas from Czechoslovak citizens in retaliation for the detention of Mr. Kazan-Komarek. On Feb. 1, 1967, the Prague Municipal Court sentenced him to 8 years in prison for acting as a French intelligence agent against Czechoslovakia from the autumn of 1948 to Dec. 1950. After numerous efforts to secure his release, Mr. Kazan-Komarek was expelled from Czechoslovakia and returned to the United States on Feb. 4, 1967. (Ibid., Jan. 17, and Feb. 2 and 5, 1967.)

Department of State Bulletin, Dec. 19, 1966, p. 925. See footnote 1 to doc. V-6, ante.

Now I would like to deal partly with topics raised in the debate and partly with events which arose during its progress. Our congress opened on Monday, 28 November, and, in accordance with the tasks I was entrusted with, I outlined the report of the Central Committee.10 In the foreign political part-within proper proportion and, I believe, in a suitable mannerI spoke about our relations with the United States. That evening news was published both in Budapest and Washington that Hungary and the United States had raised their diplomatic missions from the ministerial to ambassadorial level." It has not disturbed us. A communist policy based on correct principle, if it is in order on Thursday ought to also be in order on Monday. In regard to the United States also, we are following in principle the policy which we had evolved along with our sister parties in 1957 and 1960 in Moscow.12 We condemn U.S. aggression in Vietnam. We rejected and will go on rejecting all U.S. Government attempts to interfere in the internal affairs of the Hungarian People's Republic. This is a policy of principle and contains no tactics. In the same way it is also a policy of principle that we strive for peaceful coexistence. We desire the normalization of relations, and political, economic, scientific, and other relations with the United States as well. Should we experience the same readiness on their part, our relations could become normal. Our party is

Department of State files. The Ninth Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party Congress met at Budapest, Nov. 28-Dec. 3, 1966.

10 See The New York Times, Nov. 29, 1966. 11 Supra.

12 See The New York Times, Nov. 22, 1957 and Dec. 7, 1960.

convinced that this is a MarxistLeninist, revolutionary policy.

POLAND

Document V-11

Memorandum of Understanding Between the National Academy of Sciences of the United States and the Polish Academy of Sciences, Effective February 1, 1966 "

13

United States-Polish Scientific Exchange Program, 1966-1969

I. GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF THE SCIENTIFIC EXCHANGE PROGRAM

A. The exchange program comprises all the disciplines in which the two Academies are mutually competent: the natural sciences, including mathematics, engineering sciences, and behavioral sciences.

B. Both Academies agree that direct contacts existing between institutions and scientists which are not included in this exchange program should also be encouraged and supported.

C. Both Academies shall support and help each other to establish contacts with institutions not attached to them and may use their good offices to help resolve their problems which might arise in connection with the scientific exchange program.

D. The acceptance of each visit within this program rests ultimately with the receiving Academy, although the initiative about any visit may be taken by either Academy.

E. In order best to meet the requirements of both Academies, they agree that the implementation of these provisions will be based upon a flexible understanding which implies no precise matching of the number of visits, easy convertibility of one type

13 Text issued by the National Academy of Sciences of the United States.

of visit into another, and willingness of each Academy to take into account as much as possible the wishes of the receiving Academy with regard to the selection of scientists.

F. For the purpose of this Memorandum, the period of a year shall be understood to begin on September 1 and end the next August 31.

II. TYPE AND SCOPE OF EXCHANGE

A. This Memorandum provides for short visits for lecturing, conducting seminars, surveying current research and exchanging professional views, as well as for longer visits for conducting research, including field trips in the appropriate disciplines.

B. Considering their financial resources, both Academies agree to support, within this program, approximately 4 short-term visits and 4 long-term visits in each direction annually, for a total of up to 40 manmonths.

C. A short-term visit will generally be about one month's duration; a long-term visit, from 3 to 12 months' duration.

D. Nomination of scientists for exchange visits can be made at any time, but not later than 3 months in advance of the beginning of a shortterm visit and not later than 9 months in advance of the beginning of a longterm visit. A response should be given no later than 2 months after receipt of nomination for a short-term visit and no later than 3 months after receipt of nomination for a long-term visit.

III. PROCEDURES

The nomination of a scientist will be accompanied by information about his educational background, present position, teaching and research experience, field of specialization, and major publications. In addition, the nomination will include a list of scientific institutions and laboratories and scientists which the nominee wishes to visit or institutions in which he

1. Visits of one month or less

2. Research visit of 3-12 months

wishes placement for research. Acceptance of a nomination will define the scientific and financial obligations of the receiving Academy, although changes in the program of the visiting scientist may be made after arrival in the host country upon mutual agreement of the guest scientist and the receiving Academy. Every effort will be made by the receiving Academy to arrange the program of the visiting scientist so that he will receive maximum scientific benefit from his visit. For this purpose, at the request of the sending Academy, additional information will be supplied by the host Academy about scientific laboratories that may be of interest to the visiting scientist.

IV. FINANCIAL PROVISIONS

A. Each Academy agrees to support financially, in the manner described in the following paragraphs, about 4 short-term and 4 long-term exchange scientists a year for visits totaling about 40 man-months a year.

B. Each Academy will provide, or meet the expense of, the following necessities for such exchange scientists: lodging, domestic transportation connected with the scientific purpose of the visit, cost of materials or services connected with scientific research, medical services, and subsistence. Lodging will be appropriate to the professional level and status of each exchange scientist.

C. Subsistence will be provided to guest scientists at the following rate: [see table below.]

D. International transportation shall be provided to exchange scientists by the sending Academy. The destination for scientists from the USA shall normally be Warsaw and for scientists from Poland, Washington, D.C.

Duration of Understanding

This Memorandum of Understanding will take effect upon agreement by the responsible officers of the two Academies and shall continue in effect for a period of three years from that date.