By

medallion, the image of Christ and the symbolical lamb reposing at the foot. For the Eastern nations it was necessary to speak to their imagination, to show them Christ triumphant, before showing Him humiliated and suffering. It was especially necessary to avoid the raillery of Pagan philosophers, which would still have had great influence on the ignorant and often prejudiced crowd. Little by little the crosses came to be covered with symbols and inscriptions. The second Nicene Council approved of a cross on which were to be read the words Emanuel, Michael, and Gabriel. On some crosses were placed the medallions of the four Evangelists. On a very ancient mosaic we find the symbolical lamb; blood is flowing from a wound into a vase; it is the idea of the Crucifixion which begins to crop up already. At length they began to place Christ on the cross, but He was young, beardless, and wore the royal fillet as in sculpture. virtue of a decision of the Council of Constantinople in 692 Christ appears on the crosses. In 705 Pope John had a mosaic executed on which was represented Jesus crucified; the face of the Saviour is still serene; nevertheless one soldier is piercing His side, while another is offering Him the sponge steeped in gall and vinegar; at the foot of the cross stand the Virgin and St. John; the sun and moon appear above. All the representations of Christ till the tenth century portray Him as calm, serene, and still young; it is Christ, the vanquisher of death; His head is adorned with the crown, the tiara, or the cross-bearing nimbus, and He wears the imperial purple. The Virgin shows no weakness, but seems rather to share in the triumph of her Divine Son; St. John, with his head leaning on his hand, is sadder and less resigned. But from being glorious these images become gloomy with the dreamy, melancholy nations of the North. The Virgin is the first to lose her strength and dignity. In a diptych taken from the Abbey of Rambona, in the diocese of Ancona, and preserved in the Vatican, she leans her head, weeps, and points to her Son with a gesture full of grief; the figures of the sun and moon also show sadness; but Christ, crowned with a cross-bearing diadem, is still triumphant. In all the works of the following centuries, however, Christ Himself bows His head, and His body shrinks with suffering; the tunic begins to be replaced by a piece of linen wrapped round the loins. In the thirteenth century the scene widens; then appear the figures of the Church Triumphant, of angels, of Adam, that of Religion gathering the Divine Blood, and that of the Synagogue humiliated and vanquished. Henceforth the trait of sadness becomes more marked in the pictures of the dying Christ. There is no longer a support for the feet, which are crossed one over the other and fixed by a single nail; the head crowned with thorns is bowed, the eyes are closed; the contraction of the limbs proves the paroxysm of suffering. In a word, it is sought more and more to develop the painful aspect of the Passion. Cimabue, Giotto, Giunta of Pisa represent Christ agonizing and the Virgin desolate. Buffalmacco in the Campo-Santo frescoes at Pisa goes still further, and represents the Virgin in a swoon on the ground and surrounded by holy women. Finally, in all these crucifixions Magdalen is seen embracing the foot of the Cross. The artists of the Renaissance committed the same faults, though it was the age of Michael Angelo and Raphael. In the seventeenth century the scene of the Crucifixion begins to lose its gravity, it becomes theatrical in colouring, contrasts, and pose; the introduction of the figures of princes into the groups destroys all mystical and religious power. Carraccio and Tintoretto showed the way, and were blindly followed by Rubens, Van Dyck, and all the artists of the same period. Germany and

Spain exaggerated horror still more, and showed us Jesus on the Cross covered with wounds and blood. Finally, under the influence of Jansenist ideas the arms of Christ were drawn as near together as possible to express symbolically the small number of the elect. Modern artists, we are happy to observe, seem to understand that such a subject as the Crucifixion demands more prudence and reserve."

CANON FARRAR ON THE GOSPEL. REACHING at St. Margaret's, Westminster, on Christmas Day from Luke ii. 10, the Rev. Canon Farrar said that whatever might be the text on Christmas Day, there could be but one subject for a sermon, that suggested by the angels' song.

The priests and prophets who had preached for many a century from many a pulpit had but one fundamental message the message which first found its full impeded utterance as well as its sweetest music in the angels' song. There are and ever must be, he continued, two sides of the message and revelation of God to man. There is the side which deals with sin, and that which deals with salvation; the warnings against the former, the hopes and promises of the latter. There is the side of retribution and the side of redemption. There is the Law and the Gospel, the death and the life, the fear and the love; the light that reveals, and the flame that smites, the shivering thunder and the still small voice; and in such a world as this, so saddened by guilt and sorrow, and in such a life as this, in which the dark and bright threads are so interwoven, the two must be recognised, and always had been. From whatever pulpit men had spoken they had done no good, and had been untrue to their message, if they had not in some way prophesied the coming or told of the risen Christ. And every message of hope and love is a Gospel message, every message even in which the notes of solemn warning and awful denunciation are necessarily mingled, every message in which there is a swell and flow of love and hope, which may increase upon the sinner's soul with the gentleness of a sea that caresses the shore it covers; every such message, he said, is of the essence of the Gospel. He asked his hearers to clear their eyes of the lurid mists of human ignorance and human error and try to see God aright. In order that they might learn what God is they must go to their Bible, to the healthy, unsophisticated conscience, to the natural hearts of little children, to loving men and women. They would never hear from him (the rev. Canon) that there is not a hell. The heart of the drunkard, the imagination of the impure, and the thoughts of the envious were so many hells. If, however, Calvin and half the theologists spoke truly, the negative of that part of his text which told us to " fear not truly, the must be altogether a mistake. Let them take up the latest book of theology written in Christian England, and there they would read how, sitting in his armchair, with all the comfort and luxury of success and wealth and dignity around him, the writer in polished, scholastic sentences, without a pang or a tear, as though it were the most natural and blessed thing in the world he was talking of, argued that it is only a handful that will ever be saved-that no one believed the Bible who thought otherwise. Was it, indignantly asked the Canon, good tidings" or "great joy" to be told that ninety-nine hundredths of the poor wretches who struggle through their lives in these London streets, and in all the world, are to be but swept to the gulf of death, a prey like so many moths which flutter about for one miserable moment, and then plunge headlong into the consuming flame? Would the angels' song have sung out so sweetly, would the multitude of the heavenly host have flashed with him out of the darkness, if he had only had such a mocking, delusive, frightfully misleading message as that? The rev. Canon doubted whether the world would have had one glad or noble moment if those angels had leaned over the crystal battlements of heaven to terrify us with such threats, or if their glad, bright music had been accompanied by what the most popular of modern preachers has called the damned, jangling the burning irons of their torments." Ah! no. Sweep away, continued Canon Farrar, such unworthy thoughts-sweep them into the night of ignorance and horror from which they sprang! The Saviour is the Saviour of the whole world! God laid on Him the iniquity of us all. Christ gave His life as a ransom for all. Would you see God? Then see Him who said, "He that hath seen Me hath seen the Father." Where will you see Him? Oftener at the gatherings of the poor than at the banquets of the Pharisee; blessing the little children; resting in the home of the publican; healing the lepers; not shrinking from the harlot's tears; bidding the weeping, shamed adulteress "Go, sin no more." Come with me, added the Canon, to the manger at Bethlehem. What will you see there? A poor meek maiden; a little heavenly, smiling child. That was how God revealed Himself; that, and not some wrathful destroyer, was the brightness of His glory and the express image of His person. To what does the

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heavenly sight appeal? To your love or to your terrors? To your fears or to your hopes? To the shivering dread of endless anguish, or to your noblest impulses of truth and love of purity; and to a dread of the shame, and stain, and debasement of sin against One so good and loving, who lived, who died for you?

"They say the Lord of Time and all the world
Came to us once a feeble, new-born child
All-wise, yet dumb; weak though omnipotent:
Surely a heaven-sent vision, for it tells

How innocence is God-like. And the Lord

Renews through childhood to our world-dimmed eyes

The half-forgotten splendour of the skies."

In conclusion, the rev. Canon inquired: What sort of a Christmas will this be for men whose hearts are full of fierce excitement and burning hatred and greedy fraud; for those who join in the turbulence of party, of national, of religious hatred; for the drunkard and the glutton, who will squander every element of happiness in the besotted self-indulgence of debauchery and drink? For them the "good tidings" are that they may be delivered from this "Hades of voluntary degradation; from this abyss and sink of soul-devastating sin. "The Gospel is, added the preacher, that that innocent Babe, that thorn-crowned Man loves you, is seeking for you, is yearning for you, is pleading with you, is promising to you His limitable salvation the very moment you will open your hearts to Him and fling forth the foul idols by which those hearts are crowded. The Gospel is of a love which will never let us alone until it has exhausted every means of saving us; of a love which may even manifest itself in just but terrible retribution, even in consuming and purifying fire, rather than suffer us to sink into the irrevocable depth. The Gospel is of a love which can and will restore even the most fallen sinners, of a hope which can paint even on their benighted present a gleam of dayspring, and fling even over their lowering future the rainbow's arch. It is the Gospel even to the lowest and the worst; and if any of us have learned at all to know God, and see His face, and if His name lie on our foreheads, then it is the Gospel, "I am with thee; I died for thee; I will never leave thee, nor forsake thee; I have loved thee; love thou thy brother."

NEWS OF THE NEW CHURCH. BIRMINGHAM.-A full congregation assembled in the church to celebrate the birthday of the Lord into the flesh, and to worship Him as the "Alpha and the Omega.' The church was decorated in a manner both beautiful and somewhat novel. A number of choice evergreen shrubs in pots were arranged on each side of the chancel and in other places at that end of the church. Over each window in both aisles and in the chancel were handsomely-arranged wreaths, every column with its capital was entwined, and the font and reading-desk suitably treated. So profuse was the display about the pulpit, and indeed generally at the chancel end of the church, that it seemed as though the minister were standing behind a veritable ivy bush, growing from a large pot creeping in a natural and luxuriant manner all round up the pulpit and up the wall above the minister's head. Upon the panels of the reredos was the motto "Glory to God" in gold letters on rich blue ground. The front part of the gallery had a similar treatment with the motto "The Lord our Righteousness." Printed copies of the carols and anthems were distributed to the congregation. One of the carols was sung by the whole assembly, the other by choir alone. Of these we must be specially allowed to mention the one " In dulci jubilo," for in its softly joyous strains swelling and dying away again we seemed to feel the very pulsing of aspiration, the longing of the devout heart for that heavenly country of which it speaks. The carol by Sears, "It came upon the midnight clear," and the better known ones, "Hark the herald angels sing" and "Brightest and best," were evidently enjoyed by the whole congregation, who joined in them. The sermon, on the gifts offered by the wise men, "Gold, Frankincense, and Myrrh," was a particularly happy one, and well suited to the occasion. A collection for the Benevolent Fund realized £15, 75. Id. The organ music gave great delight, being Handel's "Pastoral Symphony" and Gounod's "Nazareth" for the introductory and concluding voluntaries, and Bach's "Pastoral Symphony" for the offertory.

DERBY.-Service was held in this church on Christmas Day morning. The Rev. J. Ashby delivered an address founded on the words in Isaiah xl. 3, "The voice of him that crieth in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the Lord," etc. The preacher pointed out that the words were prophetic of John the Baptist preaching in the wilderness of Judea repentance and remission of sins, and thus preceding the advent of Jehovah in the flesh, in the person of Jesus Christ. This work of preparation was necessary, otherwise the near approach of the Deity to men would have been injurious to their state, as was stated in Malachi, unless Elijah came (John), “I will come and smite the earth with a curse. John having prepared the way, the advent of the Lord was attended with special blessing to those who obeyed John's message, and indirectly to all

people and all succeeding ages. It was then shown how the subject was applicable to the present season. At Christmas we celebrate the most momentous event of history-the Lord's coming into the world. It should be remembered that there was a voice crying in every man's soul bidding him to prepare the way for the spiritual advent of the Lord. There are paths in every man's being which reach up to the Deity, but only as these were prepared as of man's self, with the internal acknowledgment that all power was from the Lord, can He savingly enter into man's mind and life. The way is being prepared when the work of repentance is done, when evils are put away, for these are the things which most effectually obstruct the entrance of the Divine spirit of truth and love. The practice of the virtues which one delights to see so common at this season, viz. of goodwill, of forgiveness, of hospitality, of charity and love, all tend to prepare the way for the nearer approach of the Lord to the human race, and thus to exalt and to purify it. The choir sang admirably the anthem, "Behold, I bring you good tidings.' Hymns were selected which were appropriate to the celebration of the Lord on His Advent.

On the Monday evening following the usual Christmas-tide teameeting and entertainment were held in the schoolroom. About 170 friends, amongst whom were a goodly proportion of young people, sat down to an excellently-prepared tea. The audience at the entertainment numbered upwards of 200. The greatest interest was manifested throughout the whole of the proceedings, which were designedly of a very varied and entertaining character. The meeting was opened by singing Pope's well-known hymn, "A herald voice the lonely desert cheers," and by prayer. The rev. chairman gave the friends a right hearty welcome, and directed their attention to the particulars of the programme, which he truly believed would afford them both instruction and amusement. As the Christmas season was one of special interest to children, they had not been forgotten by those who had had the arrangements of the evening intrusted to them. The singing by the glee party was considered exceedingly good, and the selections of songs and glees were such as was sure to be appreciated. The programme included a reading by Mr. W. J. Clemson, an excellent and practical address by Mr. F. Ward, and a humorous dramatic piece entitled "The Silent System." This may be called the backbone of the entertainment, and was most thoroughly enjoyed by all present, and especially by the young people, who testified their approval by frequent bursts of merriment and genuine laughter. The young ladies and gentlemen who undertook the performance of this part of the programme were Miss Dufton, Miss Duesbury, Messrs. George Clarry, A. Duesbury, W. H. Clarry, G. Simpson. Refreshments were provided during the intervals. The proceedings terminated about ten o'clock by the singing of the doxology and pronouncing the benediction.

LIVERPOOL.-On Tuesday evening, December 21, a treat was given to the children of the Sunday school. Tea was provided at 5 P. M., to which all the children, and many of their parents, sat down. After tea a number of recitations, piano solos, and a song were given by several of the scholars, followed by a short exhibition of the magic-lantern, kindly lent by Mr. J. Plastow; after this came the amateur dramatic entertainment entitled "The Sleeping Beauty." The characters were admirably sustained by Messrs. E. Francis, K. Wynne, L. Gibney, E. Pixton, C. Plastow, E. Norbury, I. Pixton, and Masters W. Livsey, A. E. Livsey, and A. Acton, giving the very best evidence of the efficient training of Mr. G. Burrough. At the close of this most successful performance Mr. Tilson presented each scholar with a prize, and made a few remarks concerning the school. He said the institution was in a prosperous state, there being seventy-eight children on the books, and he cordially invited the members to visit the school, and thus encourage and stimulate both teachers and scholars in their labours. During the evening a plentiful supply of apples, oranges, boxes of sweets, and crackers, the generous gifts of Mrs. A. and Mr. W. H. Pixton, was distributed among the children, and a most delightful gathering was brought to a close shortly before ten o'clock.

LONGTON.-On Sunday, December 19, the Rev. R. Storry of Heywood visited the Wharf Street Mission-Room, and delivered two excellent discourses to congregations unusually large and appreciative. The evening discourse, "The Mansions of the Blessed and the Means of attaining them," was listened to with rapt attention, and evidently made a profound impression upon many present.

On Monday evening the annual tea-meeting was held, the room being tastefully decorated for the occasion by Mrs. Brookhouse and others. A large number of friends sat down to the wellspread tables, the number being augmented at the after-meeting, which was of a very entertaining character. The Rev. R. Storry presided and delivered a capital opening address, after which a miscellaneous programme was gone through, including songs by Miss Brown, Miss Moore, Miss Wood, Miss Wrench, Master Georgie Platt, and Messrs. Moore and Moss; recitations by Miss Perkins, Miss Keeling, Miss Cooper, Miss Moore, Master Brookhouse, and

Master Donkin; glees by the choir, etc. Mr. J. Brookhouse and other members were called upon for short addresses, and the gathering was on the whole considered one of the most successful held for several years. The members of this small Society are gratefully pleased with the signs of progress manifested during the past year.

PAISLEY.-On Monday evening, December 13, the monthly social meeting of the Society was held. The Rev. L. Allbutt delivered a lecture upon Earthquakes," considering the spiritual as well as the natural causes of these phenomena.

66

On Monday evening, December 20, the fortnightly meeting of the Mutual Improvement Society was held. There was a large attendance of both gentlemen and ladies. Mr. J. G. Millet read an interesting paper on "Books and their Authors."

The New Jerusalem Church Sunday-school annual Christmas soiree came off on Thursday night, December 23, and was largely attended both by children and adults, the former numbering about 120, and the latter about 80. The chair was taken at 6'15 by the Rev. L. Allbutt, and after a hearty tea had been partaken of Mr. Allbutt delivered a short address. He said he hoped all his young friends would have a very happy evening, and a very happy and merry Christmas; but they must remember that the grand secret of being happy consisted in trying to make others happy. This was the lesson the Lord had taught, for when He appeared on earth as Jesus Christ He taught us that He was our Father, and that we ought to love one another as brothers and sisters. He always went about doing good, and we ought to follow His example and do good continually to all. After the address an excellent programme of recitations, dialogues, glees, etc., was gone through by various scholars. Then came a children's play, written by Mr. R. T. Gunton, eldest son of Mr. Gunton, the indefatigable missionary of the New Church; it was entitled "Cinderella." There were eight juvenile performers, and great credit attaches to each for the capital way in which the characters were sustained. Succeeding the play was a service of fruit, each scholar receiving an orange. The prizes were then distributed. These consisted of books for the elder scholars, and toys and dolls for the younger ones; but in each case they were given according to merit. Two special prizes were given for proficiency in the New Church Catechism, the recipients being Miss Jane Mure and Miss Jeanie Bruce. Three prizes were given to those who had acquitted themselves well in a written examination on Exodus xiii., xiv., xv., held last Monday evening. Miss Mary Nicol and Miss Maggie Halden were bracketed equal, and Miss Lizzy Halden obtained the second prize. The Christmas-tree having been stripped, the concluding hymn was sung, "Saviour, we Thy children gather," and then the benediction was pronounced, and the children and parents dispersed, each scholar receiving a bag of sweets before leaving. Great praise is due to the ladies and others who have worked hard for so long to make the soiree successful. They did their best, and every one seems to have had the opinion that the soiree was indeed a great success. The decorations were very artistic. The shafts of the gasaliers were covered with evergreens, and festoons of evergreens connected those at each end of the church with one in the centre. Various devices in evergreens adorned the walls; and the arrangements in the hall where the play was performed were very complete as well.

Christmas services were held in the church on Sunday, December

26. Mr. Allbutt preached in the morning from John iv. 13, 14, "Living Water one of the Gifts of the Incarnation; and in the afternoon from Matt. ii. 11, "The Journey of the Wise Men to Bethlehem." The decorations from the soiree remaining up, the church presented quite a Christmas appearance. The decorations will be kept up for several Sundays.

SALTAIRE.-On Christmas Eve the members and friends of the New Church Society held their annual party in the beautiful Victoria Hall. About one hundred persons met together. As trade has been slack for a long time, a large number of the tickets were presented, and those who had more means paid the expenses. The first part of the programme consisted of a merry dance, which began at about eight o'clock, in which the young folks joined heartily. Then followed a "knife-and-fork tea," at which all the viands were exceedingly good, and all the arrangements well prepared. Next came the chief charm of the evening, Mr. R. T. Gunton's beautiful play of "Cinderella." The actors were several times encored, and came forward to bow their thanks. The concluding speech by Cinderella was delivered with telling effect upon every one present, and will not soon be forgotten by those who heard it. All the young people, it was evident, had studied their parts well.

THE DIVINE PROVIDENCE.-We recognise the action of God in great things: we exclude it in small. We forget that the Lord of eternity is also the Lord of the hour.-Madame Swetchine.

CHRISTIAN EFFORT.-Christians are sometimes weak; but does any but a Christian ever strive to become strong?—Madame Swetchine.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL LESSONS.

JUDGES APPOINTED.

January 16, Morning.-Exod. xviii. 24-27. The ability of Moses to be himself a judge or ruler is not less manifest in his willingness to obey than in commanding. He saw the wisdom in the proposal of Jethro, and immediately adopted it, selecting men out of all Israel and appointing them to their functions and duties. These were chosen, doubtless, on account of their moral and intellectual fitness. The administration of justice in all early Eastern nations, as amongst the Arabs of the desert to this day, rests with the patriarchal seniors, the judges being the heads of tribes, or of chief houses in a tribe. The actual chiefs of individual tribes are mentioned on various occasions (e.g. Numb. vii. 2, 10, 11; xxxiv. 18; Joshua xxii. 14). The word here translated ruler, or judge, is by some rendered prince. These were connected in the popular mind (see Exod. ii. 14; Numb. xvi. 13). Moses took the whole burden of judicature upon himself when the people came out of Egypt probably because the elders of the families through oppression and bondage had been rendered unfit for it, and not being experienced in such matters, nor having secured the confidence of their brethren. The people were separated into thousands, hundreds, fifties, and tens, and the ruler, or prince, set over them according to this division. In this arrangement we see manifested the Divine idea of order; for Jethro, who suggested this arrangement, was but giving utterance to the wisdom communicated to him by God (verse 23). The law of subordination is here inculcated. In heaven, in the Church, and in the human mind there must be order, and if order, then authority and subordination. Illustrate by reference to arrangement in the school. The work of regeneration consists in subordinating the natural mind to the spiritual. There are primary truths and secondary truths. Truths which relate to the soul and to heaven are of more vital importance than the truths which merely relate to the body and to the world. Hence our Lord teaches, "Seek ye first," i.e. primarily, "the kingdom of God" (Matt. vi. 33). The Lord desires to establish in every soul a wise government, and this is effected as the highest truths of which we are possessed are allowed to rule and the lower to serve, and all to be subject unto the Lord Himself. Recall what was stated in lesson of last Sunday morning.

THE TARES.

is The enemy

January 16, Afternoon.-Matt. xiii. 24-30. In this parable we are instructed that opposition and hindrance are sure to be experienced in the mind before the kingdom of heaven can be fully and purely established therein. The kingdom of heaven in a particular sense is the Lord's government in man. The "good seed" are called "the children of the kingdom" (verse 38). These are all the principles which are in harmony with, and conformable to, the commands of God-everything in the mind which promotes peace and goodness and heavenly order. Specifically the "good seed the Divine truth which is inseminated by the Lord. that comes whilst we sleep and sows tares is the enemy of our souls. Evils are injected secretly whilst we are ignorant of it. We know that evils are there when they spring up into life, and unless we were thus made aware of them we could not at any time have them removed. Evil and false things of the mind cannot be removed all at once. Hence we are to wait patiently. The principles of truth and righteousness must grow and become strong, and then can falsehood and error be removed without injury to our spiritual life. In the best of men there is something of the false and evil, and this should teach us all humility, and lead us to acknowledge that only by co-operating with the Lord's mercy can we be delivered. For the further elucidation of this parable see Morning Light, page 4.

BIRTH.

On December 27, 1880, at 26 North Villas, Camden Square, London, the wife of Robert Jobson of a son, still born.

MARRIAGES.

On the 25th December 1880, at the New Jerusalem Church, Bolton, by the Rev. T. Mackereth, F. R. A. S., Mr. Robert Alexander Cumming of Port William, Wigtownshire, to Miss Helena Mackereth of Bolton, second daughter of the Rev. T. Mackereth.

On January 1, at the New Church, Palace Gardens Terrace, by the Rev. Dr. Bayley, Captain James Hamilton Martin of Alma, New Brunswick, to Rosamond, only daughter of Mr. H. N. Earl of Bayswater.

DEATH.

On December 29, at 6 Marlborough Terrace, Holloway Road, N. Martha, widow of the late Edward Pulsford.

Printed by MUIR, PATERSON AND BRODIE, 12 Clyde Street, Edinburgh, and published by JAMES SPEIRS, 36 Bloomsbury Street, London.

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Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane. Current accounts opened according to the usual practice of other Bankers, and Interest allowed on the minimum monthly balances when not drawn below £25. No commission charged for keeping Accounts. The Bank also receives money on Deposit at Three per cent. Interest, repayable on demand.

The Bank undertakes for its Customers, free of charge, the custody of Deeds, Writings, and other Securities and Valuables; the collection of Bills of Exchange, Dividends, and Coupons; and the purchase and sale of Stocks and Shares.

Letters of Credit and Circular Notes issued. A Pamphlet, with full particulars, on application. FRANCIS RAVENSCROFT, Manager. 31st March 1880.

By the Rev. A. CLISSOLD, M.A. Crown Svo, sewed, price 6d. Swedenborg's Writings and Catholic Teaching;

Or, A Voice from the New Church Porch. Just published, post 8vo, cloth, 2s. 6d. The Consummation of the Age:

Being a Prophecy now fulfilled and interpreted
in the Writings of
EMANUEL SWEDENBORG.
With a Preface.

LONDON LONGMANS, GREEN, & CO.

A cheaper Edition just issued in a new and prettier style of binding, price 2s.

OUR CHILDREN IN HEAVEN.

By W. H. HOLCOMBE, M.D.

LONDON: JAMES SPEIRS, 36 Bloomsbury Street.

cocoa-nut.

"We have now to notice a nut which, besides farinaceous substance, contains a bland oil. This is the The oil in this nut has one advantage, which is, that it is less liable than any other oil to rancidity. This, therefore, is a great advantage, and must render it a valuable article of diet, more particularly if, by mechanical or other means, the farinaceous substance can be so incorporated with the oily that the one will prevent the other from separating.

"Various contrivances have been adopted with this object in view; but the individual who has been most successful in effecting this union is Mr. Dunn of Pentonville.

"This ingenious individual, after roasting the cocoanuts and separating the shells, subjects them to a powerful rotatory pressure, by which all the nut is liquefied by means of the oil and by the application of heat, and this liquid nut, if we inay so speak, soon assumes a solid state.

"This, with the addition of sugar, which combines with the oil and the other parts of the nut, constitutes his Cocoa Paste-a pleasant article of diet.

"This Paste, if prepared with additional farinaceous and saccharine matter, forms a very nutritious article, called Chocolate Powder (Prepared Cocoa).

"And a third substance has, by the skill of Mr. Dunn, been made, which he calls his Soluble Chocolate, which I have no hesitation in asserting is a most valuable article of diet. One great advantage connected with it is, that it can be made with such ease; requiring only the addition of boiling water to the Chocolate sliced into the cup.

"This is particularly useful to the sick and the convalescent from long disease; they often want nutriment at very early hours; they wake hungry and thirsty; nothing can be more easily obtained, and, at the same time, more beneficially prescribed, than this Soluble Chocolate.

In conclusion, I have to recommend it as both Food and Drink."

DUNN & HEWETT are also Manufacturers of the Celebrated

ICELAND MOSS COCOA (Recommended by the Faculty in Consumption and Diseases of the Chest, &c.),

DUNN'S ESSENCE OF COFFEE,

(TRADE-MARK, "THE TURK"), And of every known preparation of COCOA AND CHOCOLATE.

N.B.-Guard against inferior imitations by seeing that each packet of Cocoa or Chocolate bears the wellknown trade-mark, "The Chocolate Girl."

DUNN & HEWETT, Pentonville, London.

SERIES.

Price One Shilling each.

SECOND EDITION. THOROUGHLY REVISED.
Pp. viii and 148, foolscap 8vo, cloth, gilt
edges.
MANUAL OF THE DOCTRINES

OF THE NEW CHURCH,

With an Appendix containing a brief outline of Swedenborg's Theological Works, compiled from the Theological Writings of EMANUEL SWEDENborg.

By EDMUND SWIFT, JUN. The New Jerusalem Magazine says:"This little book seems to meet a want which has long been felt by many persons in the New Church, for they are often asked if there is not some condensed statement of these doctrines, from which an intelligent and earnest seeker after the truth could acquire, in a comparatively short time, some connected knowledge of the character of the teachings of the New Church. The book before us seems to meet such a case exactly. We have examined the 'compilation' with some care, and feel quite confident we are justified in saying the author has touched more or less briefly, to be sure, but still quite comprehensively we think, of nearly every important topic."

...

The other Volumes of the Series are— 1. THE FUTURE LIFE. By Emanuel Swedenborg.

2. THE SPIRITUAL WORLD AND OUR CHILDREN THERE. By the Rev. Chauncey Giles.

3. THE BRIGHTON LECTURES. By the Rev. Dr. Bayley. 34th Thousand.

Published for the MISSIONARY AND TRACT SOCIETY OF THE NEW CHURCH by JAMES SPEIRS, 36 Bloomsbury Street, Lordon.