of a speedy and public trial, to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation, to be confronted with the witnesses against him, to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favour, and to have the assistance of counsel in his defence; that excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel or unusual punishment inflicted; that no person shall be put twice in jeopardy for the same offence, or be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself; that the right to be secure against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated; that neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall exist, except as a punishment for crime; that no bill of attainder or ex-post facto law shall be passed; that no law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech or of the press, or of the rights of the people to peaceably assemble and petition the Government for a redress of grievances; that no law shall be made respecting the establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof. Provided, however, that the commission shall have power to exclude from time to time from the canal zone and other places on the Isthmus over which the United States has jurisdiction, persons of the following classes who were not actually domiciled within the zone on the 26th of February, 1904, viz.: idiots, the insane, epileptics, paupers, criminals, professional beggars, persons afflicted with loathsome or dangerous contagious diseases, those who have been convicted of felony, anarchists, those whose purpose it is to incite insurrection, and others whose presence it is believed by the commission would tend to create public disorder, endanger the public health, or in any manner impede the prosecution of the work of opening the canal; and may cause any and all such newly arrived persons, or those of the same classes alien to the zone, to be expelled and deported from the territory controlled by the United States, and the commission may defray from the canal appropriation the cost of such deportation, as necessary expenses of the sanitation, the police protection of the canal route, and the preservation of good order among the inhabitants.

The President has further directed notification to the inhabitants of the canal zone that the establishment and maintenance of lotteries and the holding of lottery drawings, or sale of lottery tickets, or the conduct of gambling methods and devices of a character that is prohibited by the laws of the United States are to be strictly forbidden by the canal

commission, within the canal zone, and that any violation of the law respecting lotteries and gambling, to be enacted, will subject the offender to severe punishment.

The municipal laws of the canal zone are to be administered by the ordinary tribunals substantially as they were before the change of government. Alcaldes, comisarios de barrios, and other persons in lawful discharge of official duties in the zone that are in harmony with the principles of government herein set forth will be continued in office for the present. A judge of a superior court will soon be appointed, and as soon as practicable the limits of the zone will be defined.

The following announcements are made of heads of departments in the government of the zone:

Secretary: Mr. Ernest Legarde, Jr.

Treasurer: Paymaster E. C. Tobey, United States Navy. Captain of police: Mr. G. R. Shanton.

Sanitary officer: Dr. L. W. Sprattling, United States Navy. GEO. W. DAVIS, Governor.

APPENDIX VIII

THE FIRST ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER

THE following is the text of the first Administrative Order, the enforcement of which was regarded by the Panama Government as an oppressive hardship:

WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, June 24, 1904.

To the Chairman of the Isthmian Canal Commission:

By direction of the President it is ordered: Section 1. The territory of the canal zone of the Isthmus of Panama is hereby declared open to the commerce of all friendly nations. All articles, goods, and wares, not included in the prohibited list, entering at the established customs ports, will be admitted upon payment of such customs duties and other charges as are in force at the time and place of their'importation.

Sec. 2. For the purposes of customs administration in said canal zone, there are hereby established two collection districts, as follows:

First. The district of Ancon, comprising the southern half of said canal zone, more particularly described as follows:

The port of entry in said district shall be Ancon.

Second. The district of Cristobal, comprising the northern half of said canal zone, more particularly described as follows:

The port of entry in said district shall be Cristobal.

Sec. 3. There is hereby created and shall be maintained in the government of the canal zone a subdivision of the executive branch to be known as the customs service; the general duties, powers and jurisdiction of the customs service shall be to administer the customs laws and tariff regulations in force in said zone. The governor of the canal zone shall be the head of the customs service. There shall be a collector of customs for each collection district, who shall receive an annual salary of $2,500 in gold, payable in monthly instal

ments. It shall be the duty of the collector to collect all revenues derived from the enforcement of the customs laws and tariff regulations in the district subject to his jurisdiction and to perform such other service in the administration of such laws as is ordinarily performed by a collector of customs or as he may be required to perform by the governor of the canal zone. The collector of customs shall be appointed by the governor, with the advice and consent of the Isthmian Commission. The governor of the canal zone is hereby authorised to appoint and fix the compensation of deputy collectors, surveyors of customs, and such other subordinates and employees as may be necessary for the efficient administration of the customs laws and service.

Sec. 4. The governor of the canal zone is hereby authorised and empowered to prescribe and enforce rules and regulations for the administration of the customs laws and service of said zone, and report the same to the chairman of the Commission, and said rules and regulations shall have the force and effect of law until annulled or modified by legislative act of the Isthmian Canal Commission or other competent authority.

Sec. 5. Until otherwise provided by competent authority duties on importations into the canal zone are to be levied in conformity with such duties as Congress has imposed upon foreign merchandise imported into other ports of the United States.

Sec. 6. Goods or merchandise entering the canal zone from ports of the United States or insular possessions of the United States shall be admitted on the same terms as at the ports of the States of this Union.

Sec. 7. All goods or merchandise, whether free or dutiable, entering the canal zone by water, by rail, or otherwise, for transportation across said zone must be entered at the custom house of the collection district wherein the point of entrance is situated. Violation of this requirement shall subject the goods to seizure and forfeiture by the customs officials.

Sec. 8. The governor of the canal zone is authorised to enter and carry out an agreement with the President of the Republic of Panama for coöperation between the customs service of the canal zone and that of the Republic of Panama to protect the customs revenues of both Governments and to prevent frauds and smuggling.

Sec. 9. The governor of the canal zone is hereby authorised

to enter upon negotiations and make a tentative agreement with the President of the Republic of Panama respecting reciprocal trade relations between the territory and inhabitants of the canal zone and appurtenant territory and the Republic of Panama; also a readjustment of customs duties and tariff regulations so as to secure uniformity of rates and privileges and avoid the disadvantages resulting from different schedules, duties, and administrative measures in limited territory subject to the same conditions and not separated by natural obstacles. The governor shall report as to such negotiations and proposed agreement to the chairman of the Isthmian Canal Commission for submission and consideration by the Commission and such action by competent authority as may be necessary to render said agreement effective in the canal zone.

This order will be proclaimed and enforced in the canal zone at Panama.