Post-Communist Mafia State: The Case of HungaryHaving won a two-third majority in Parliament at the 2010 elections, the Hungarian political party Fidesz removed many of the institutional obstacles of exerting power. Just like the party, the state itself was placed under the control of a single individual, who since then has applied the techniques used within his party to enforce submission and obedience onto society as a whole. In a new approach the author characterizes the system as the ?organized over-world?, the ?state employing mafia methods? and the ?adopted political family', applying these categories not as metaphors but elements of a coherent conceptual framework. The actions of the post-communist mafia state model are closely aligned with the interests of power and wealth concentrated in the hands of a small group of insiders. While the traditional mafia channeled wealth and economic players into its spheres of influence by means of direct coercion, the mafia state does the same by means of parliamentary legislation, legal prosecution, tax authority, police forces and secret service. The innovative conceptual framework of the book is important and timely not only for Hungary, but also for other post-communist countries subjected to autocratic rules. ÿ |
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The oligarch ..................................................... 75 5.2.3. The stooge ....................................................... 88 5.2.4. The corruption broker .......................................... 100 5.2.5.
Orbán, in Magyar's telling of the story, was then able to monopolize the benefits of corruption for himself and his party, using state power to choose his own preferred oligarchs and to provide endlessly ingenious ways of siphoning ...
On the third evolutionary level the mafia state (the organized upperworld) already restrains, squeezes out the organized underworld, eliminating the anarchistic, partially autonomous world of the oligarchs, while reorganizing corruption ...
Oligarchs no longer draw the state under their control. Instead, a political venture creates itself the right to appoint oligarchs. In other words it is not an economic interest group that takes over supervision of certain segments of a ...
Next the path from unrestrained self-acquittal leads directly to emotional scapegoating: foreign-hearted people, commies, bankers, oligarchs, offshore-riders, liberals, Jews, gays, gypsies, and just about anyone, even the inexistent ...
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Cuprins
1 | |
15 | |
from the functional disorders of democracy to a critique of the system | 57 |
4 Definition of the postcommunist mafia state | 67 |
a subtype of autocratic regimes | 73 |
6 The legitimacy deficit faced by the mafia state and the means to overcome it | 209 |
the ideological arsenal | 231 |
8 The Criminal State | 255 |
9 Pyramid schemesthe limits of the mafia state | 269 |
Annexes | 297 |
List of accompanying studies | 304 |
Former publications | 306 |
Index of Names | 309 |