this be not done, because it would eventually lower the standards of citizenship on our farms. In a democracy like ours the will of the majority rules, and the Nation is infinitely safer with a well-to-do and contented agricultural husbandry than it would be were the manhood and womanhood on our farms lowered in its level through the introduction of cheaper labor from any source whatsoever.

The National Grange, also known as the Patrons of Husbandry, with 1,000,000 dues-paying, farm-home-owning members, in Portland, Oreg., November 16, 1921, adopted the following resolution, which is in line with its previous attitude:

Resolved, That the grange approves the principles of the immigration restriction laws (3 per cent quota law) recently passed by Congress as emergency legislation and urges Congress to consider the principles which have been heretofore stated by the National Grange as controlling in this problem; namely, that legislation be provided so that immigration privileges shall be granted to persons who declare their intention of becoming American citizens, and deportation be made possible of all foreigners who do not carry out such declaration and who have not taken out naturalization papers after a limited stated period of residence here and of all persons who seek to destroy the American form of government.

This resolution was reaffirmed at the recent annual (1922) meeting of the Grange in Wichita, Kans.

Resolutions of the American Legion, the Daughters of the American Revolution, the Patriotic Order Sons of America, and the Chamber of Commerce of the State of New York, and many other organizations in favor of continued restriction will be found in the printed reports of various hearings by the committee.

SKILLED CONTRACT LABOR.

Paragraph (f) of section 4 exempts from the quota the following: (f) An immigrant who is a skilled labore. if labor of like kind unemployed can not be found in this country, and the question of the necessity of importing such skilled labor in any particular instance shall be determined by the Secretary upon the written application of any person interested; such application to be made before the issuance of the immigration certificate, and such determination by the Secretary to be reached after a full hearing and an investigation into the facts of the case.

This is the wording of the Burnett Act (1917), except that the word "may" is changed to "shall," making it mandatory upon the Secretary of Labor to determine the necessity of importing individual highly skilled laborers in any particular instance.

This provision does not apply to the admission of skilled laborers who may come under the present 3 per cent quota limit, or any future quota limit.

CONTRACT LABORERS REJECTED.

Examination at the Department of Labor by members of the committee show that so few skilled laborers have been admitted within the past 10 years on account of the provisions of the contract-labor sections of the immigration laws that no statistical records have been kept. One application to admit three or four architectural modelers under contract is now pending.

Numerous aliens arrive at ports of the United States under petty contracts, and because of these contracts are denied admission. The report of the Commissioner General for 1922 says:

During the year 809 alien contract laborers were debarred, as compared with 993 in 1921. During this same period 71 aliens of this class were arrested and deported after having unlawfully entered the country. The number arrested and deported in 1921 for like cause was 152.

Those debarred had in many cases received letters from relatives offering them positions as dressmakers, clerks, butchers, farm hands, etc. Such letters create a violation of the contract-labor provisions of the immigration laws.

Just what classes came in for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1922, is shown by occupations in the following table:

Departures for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1922, of emigrant aliens, classified by occupations, are shown in the following table:

The following condensed table shows naturalized citizens permanently departed during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1922, by occupations:

CITIZENS PERMANENTLY DEPARTED.

In addition, 70,126 native-born citizens permanently departed for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1922. They comprised 2,302 of the professional classes, 2,725 of the skilled labor classes, 8,714 of the miscellaneous-labor classes, and 56,385 of no occupation (including women and children). These native-born departures were by races or peoples, as follows:

78952-24-SER 1A-3

SMALL ARRIVALS OF EXEMPT CLASSES.

Tables are available in the report of the Commissioner General of Immigration for 1922, from which can be computed the excess of those admitted as exempts over the quotas. An example will suffice. Italy exhausted its quota of 42,149, but 42,412 persons arrived from Italy, the number coming as exempted persons being but 263. Other countries show similar small figures.

LATEST IMMIGRATION AND EMIGRATION STATISTICS.

The committee undertook to secure in time for publication in its hearings (6-C) statistics covering immigration and emigration_for the first six months of the present fiscal year. Commissioner General Husband prepared these as rapidly as possible, and they are available for this report. They are accompanied by an explanatory letter, as follows:

Hon. ALBERT JOHNSON,

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR,
BUREAU OF IMMIGRATION,
Washington, February 14, 1923.

House of Representatives, Washington, D. C.

MY DEAR MR. JOHNSON: I am sending you some sets of statistical tables covering various phases of immigration during the first six months of the present fiscal year. There are others in the series which have not yet come from the mimeograph room, but they are not particularly important, and you and other members of the committee will get the complete outfit through the mailing list within the next two or three days.

I am also sending three tables in which certain phases of immigration and emigration during the first six months, ended December 31, 1922, are compared with the corresponding period in 1921. You will see at a glance the significance of these tables. I was interested in noting the decrease in emigration and the increase in immigration, particularly of the northwestern European stocks, and also the figures concerning the coming and going of farm laborers and laborers. You will note there has been a considerable increase in the numbers coming in and a very great decrease in the numbers going out.

RE

Sincerely vours

W. W. HUSBAND,
Commissioner General.

Immigrant aliens admitted to and emigrant aliens departed from the United States during the six months ended December 31, 1921, as compared with the same period of 1922, by races or rpeoples of northwestern Europe, southern and eastern Europe, and other

t

countries.

Races of

Northwestern Europe..

Southern and eastern Europe..

Other countries.

Total....

Immigrant aliens admitted to and emigrant aliens departed from the United States during
the six months ended December 31, 1921, as compared with the same period of 1922,
by races or peoples.

Last permanent residence of immigrant aliens admitted and future permanent residence
of emigrant aliens departed during the six months ended December 31, 1921, as compared
with the same period of 1922, by countries.