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INDEX

TO THE

NAMES AND SUBJECTS IN THE TWENTY-FIRST VOLUME.

ABERCROMBIE, extract from, 147
Acupuncture, 187

Addington Park, Surrey, described, 30
Advantages and'abuses of travelling,59
Agriculturists not improvers, 102
Aim of a Christian woman, 156
Air, weight and heat of. 24

Almighty hand, the, 168

Alsatian farmer, remark of an, 181
America, Central, ruined cities in, 82,
159

Anger, duty of restraining, 143
Animals, existence of, in blocks of
wood and stone, I., 195-II., 255
at the feet of effigies on tombs,
1,220-11, 236

Anthem, National, historical notice of
the, 14, 53, 71

Antiquary's study, visit to the, 162
Arago, remark by, 102

Arithmetical question, curious, 107
Arrangement, importance of, 160
Art of changing fever into food, 246
Artificial cooling of Summer bever

ages, 1.31-11., 51-III., 69
Arts and sciences, influence of the, 198
August, rural economy for, 35
Austrian military-frontier system, 231
Aviaries, ornamental, 142

Bacon, Lord, extracts from, 11, 19, 22
Banks of the Thames, 11, 27, 65, 153,
185, 203

Barrow, observation by, 77

Beauvais, Cathedral of, in France, 194
Belt, the hydraulic, 249

Bennet, Bishop, prayer by, 256
Berkeley, Bishop, remark by, 7
Beverages, artificial cooling of Sum-
mer, 31, 51, 69
Bible, lines on the, 108
Bird-catching, 63

Ards, flocks of, on the Bosphorus, 192
Blacksmith's Boy: a Fable, 192
Blair, extracts from, 149, 168, 179, 181,
188, 200, 227, 231, 235, 240
Blindness to our own faults, 144
Blocks of wood and stone, existence
of animals within, I., 195–II., 255
Bonad, extract from, 3

Bosphorus, flocks of birds on the, 198
Botanic Society's Garden, 91
Bought knowledge, 80

Boles, lines by, 250

Bream, habits of the, 108

Back, the Yarmouth boatman, 183
Buxton, observation by, 59

Butler, Bishop, remark of, 50
Calotype pictures, 166
Calamny, 54

Cambridge, St. Sepulchre's church, 33
Camera incida, a cheap, 144
Canaan, the Heavenly, 11
Canterbury, Archbishop of, his scat
at Addington, 30

Captive King and Sesostris: aFable,16
Cathedral of Beauvais, 194

Chartres, 146

Evreux, 234

Caunter, lines by, 102

Central America and Mexico, ruined
cities in, 82, 169

Chappell of Our Ladye," at King's
Lyun, 68

Char, the, 181

Character, the mass of, 192
Charity, an exhortation to, 59
Charles the Bad, death of, 32
Chartres, cathedral of, 146
Cheese, Parmesan, 37
Chelsea Hospital, 11

Chess, lessons in, 23, 103, 151, 199, 239
Choral Meetings at Exeter Hall, lines
suggested by the, 27

Christian charity, 96

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Constantinople, some account of, 122
Constructive Method of Teaching,
Lecture on the, 41

Contentment and resignation, 101
Cooling of beverages, B1, 51, 69
Copernicus, life of. 244

Cork and lead, weight of, question re-
garding, 183

Cotton, Dr., lines by, 196, 227
Court-favour, 251

Creatures, dealing of God with his, 7
Credulity and incredulity, 188
Cultivation, Indian, 78

Curling, a Scotch national game, 225
Customs, Irish, 131

Cuyp and his Works, I., 90-II., 130
Dace, habits of the, 77
Danube, Voyage down the, II., 17—
III, 60-IV., 105-V., 116-VI.
164-VII., 201

D. D. S., lines by, 203, 235
Dealing of God with his creatures, 7
Dear thing, the first, 143
Death of Charles the Bad, 32
December, rural economy for, 207
Dew-drop, colours of the, 19.
Dirge, 51

Dirt of Rome, 94

Discrimination, 101

Disease, remarkable, among sheep, 150
Drowning Boy and the Miller: a
Fable, 26

Dryden, lines by, 57

Dudley, Lord, extract from, 94
Duelling, remark on, 187

Dulce Domum, historical notice of, 205
"Dunce," etymology of the word, 59
Duties and events, 179
Duty, sense of, 56

of industry, 200
Early moral training, 149
Easy Lessons in Chess, VI., 23-VII.,
103-VIII., 151-IX., 199-X.,
239

Eclipse of the Sun, lines on the, 77
Economy, rural, for the months, 6, 35,
79, 118, 167, 207

Effigies on tombs, animals at the feet
of, 220, 236

Eightieth year, reflection on attaining,
by Bishop Hall, 54
Electricity, Voltaic, II., 92
Ellerton, lines by, 219

Ellis, extracts from, 77, 96, 131, 149,
156, 159, 161, 192

England, Round Churches of, 33, 73,
97, 113, 137

English Navigators, 21, 55, 155, 190
Enemies, use of their revilings, 187
Envy, 54

Eton College, historical notice of, 218,
241

Etymology of the word "Dunce," 59
Events and duties, 179

Evidences of the power of God, 131
Evreux Cathedral, in France, 234
Exeter Hall, lines suggested by the
Choral Meetings at, 27
Expectation, 11, 235
F., Essays by, 221, 246
Fables:-

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Sesostris and the captive King, 16
The Miller and the Drowning Boy,96
Sloth a Siren, 112
Sleeping and Waking, 192
False dispatch, 11

-patriotism, 253
Fantail, the white-shafted, 161
Faults, blindness to our own, 144
Fellowship in Heaven, 179
Female character, perfection of, 159
instructors, 192

Fever changed into food, 246
Fine Arts, History of the, VI., 209,
First dear thing, the, 143
Fish, fresh-water, 76, 109, 160, 180
Flattery, lines on, 227

Flocks of birds on the Bosphorus, 192
Folly and impiety of needless oaths,
184

Food, fever changed into, 246
Forgiveness of injuries, 240
Franklin, remark on duelling, by, 187
French Cathedrals, 194, 146, 234
Fresh-water Fish, 76, 108, 160, 180
Friendship, 102

heavenly, 208

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Fulham market gardens of, 102
Fuller, remarks by, 181, 200
Fur and the Fur-Trade, 11., 257
Galileo, memoir of, 9, 38

Garden of the Botanic Society, 91
Gardens, market, 102

Gay, lines by, 133, 144, 151, 200
Gentleness, 179

Gibson, John, poem by, 59
Gipsies in Moscow, 3

God, confidence in, 181

evidences of the power of, 131
gratitude to, 250
omniscience of, 96

parental dealing of, with his
creatures, 7

remembrance of, 147

God save the Queen, historical notice
of, 14, 53, 71

Goethe, remark by, 70
Goodness, pharisaic, 227
Good widow's sorrow, 200
Grain of wheat, produce of a, 78
Gratitude to God, 250
Grayling, the, 180
Greenwich Hospital, 65

Gresham, Sir Thomas, anecdote of, 72
Grief and guilt, 54

Guano, a new mauure, 230
Hall, Bishop, remark by, 54

Capt. Basil, extract from, 78
Robert, observation of, 115
Hammersmith market gardens of, 102
Hankinson, lines on woman, by, 223
Heart, the seat of infidelity, 159
softening of the, 227
Heaven, fellowship in, 179
hope of, 159

151

unsuitable to the unsanctified,

Heavenly friendship, 208
Heber, Bishop, remark by, 163
Historical notice of Eton College, I.,
218-II., 241-*

14, 53, 71.
252

Psalm, 148

God save the Queen,
Non Nobis Domine,
the Old Hundredth
-the Old School Song,
Dulce Domum, 205
History of the Fine Arts, VI., 209
Honest man, the, 133
Hope of heaven, 159

Horne, Bishop, extracts from, 143, 147,
159, 188, 256

Hutton, lines on the Bible by, 108
Hydraulic belt, the, 249
Hymn, by James Montgomery, 101
Ignis-fatuus, or Will o' the Wisp, 4
Ignorance and presumption of man, 22
Improvements in agriculture, 102
early, in the steam-

engine, 102
Incredulity and credulity, 188
Indian cultivation, 78
Industry, duty of, 200

religion an incitement to, 179
Infidelity, the heart the seat of, 159
Influence of the arts and sciences, 197

woman, 223

Injuries, forgiveness of, 240

Irish Manners and Customs, VIII., 131
Jackson, observation by, 24
Jesse, remark by, 80
Johnson, Dr., extract from, 19
Jones of Nayland, remark, on the
Sabbath, by, 181

Jortin, remarks by, 151, 227, 256
July, rural economy for, 6
Justice and virtue, 77

Kay Shuttleworth, J. P, Esq.. Lecture
by, on the Constructive Method
of Teaching, 41

King, the captive, and Sesostris: a
Fable, 16

King's Lyun, Chappell of
Ladye" at, 68
Knowledge, bought, 80

of, 221

"Our

natural, responsibilities
true end of, 19
Lamps, perpetual, 197

Lancaster, Sir James, an early English
navigator, 190

his expedition to

the East Indies, 227

Lavender, sweet, 224

Lead and cork, weight of, a mechani.

cal puzzle, 183

Learning, pleasure in, 163

Lecture on the Constructive Method

of Teaching, 41

Lessons, in Chess, 23, 103, 151,199, 239
Liddell, the Hon. T. H., poem by, 115
Lightning, remarkable effects of, 8
Lindley Murray, memoir of, 94, 110;
Lines on the Bible, 108

on the eclipse of the sun, 77

on marriage, 227

suggested by the Choral Mect-
ings of the Classes instructed in
Singing under the Sauction of the
Committee of Council on Educa-
tion, 27

--written after a prosperous bar-
vest and at a time of riots, 136
Literature, 70

Little Maplestead church, 137
Locke, extract from, 56
London, 203

Luminous appearance at sea, f
Lying, remark on, 256

M., Fables by, 16, 96, 112, 192
Man, ignorance and presumption of
22

the honest, 133

weakness of, 181

Man's spirit, onward path of, 149
Manners and customs, Irish, 131
Mant, Bishop, extracts from, 96, 120
Manufacture of Watches in Switzer

laud, I., 158-11, 237
Manure, a new, 230
Margate, description of, 25
Market-gardens, 102

Marriage, happiness of, 227
Mason, remark by, 101
Mass of character, 192

Mechanical Puzzles, I., 157--11., 183,
Meditated Resolves. VII., 38-VIII,
62-IX.. 221-X, 236-XI., 248
Memoir of Copernicus, 244

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237

Apparatus for freezing liquids in sum-
mer, 70

Arcetri, Galileo's villa at, 40

Austrian military-frontier station, 232
Beauvais cathedral, aisle of, 192
Belgrade, 165

Belt, the hydraulic, 249
Bewick, fac-simile of engraving by, 216
Blacksmith's boy, the, 192
Bream, the, 108

Bronze statue of Hen. VI. at Eton, 217
Cambridge, church of St. Sepulchire, 33
Camera lucida, a cheap, 144
Castle of Donaustauf, ruins of, 17
Cathedral of Beauvais, 192
Chartres, 145

Evreux, 233

Central America, ruins and sculptures
in, 81, 85, 88, 169, 176

Chappell of " Our Ladye," at King's
Lynn, 68

Char, the, 181

Chartres, cathedral of, 145

Cheese-pan, Parmesan, 37
Chelsea Hospital, 12

Chess, diagrams illustrative of, 24, 104,
152, 200, 240

Chinese umbrella, 100

-wearing spectacles of rock
crystal, 140

Christ taking leave of his mother; from
Albert Durer, 209

Chub, the, 109

Churches, Round, of England :-
Little Maplestead church, 137
St. Sepulchre, Cambridge, 33
Northampton, 113

Temple Church, 73, 97
Circle, diagrams illustrative of a cu-
rious property of the, 253, 254
Cobham, Maud de, figure from her
tomb, 236

Compton Wynyates, Warwickshire, 177
Constantinople, general view, 121

mosque and fountain

of the Sultana, 125

fountain and first gate

of the Seraglio, 128

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Restraining auger, 143

Reverence for sacred things, 188'
Revilings of our enemies, their use, 187
Riches, remark on, 151

Roach, habits of the, 76
Rome, dirt of, 94

Round Churches of England:-

I. St. Sepulchre's Church, Cam-
bridge, 33

II. III. Temple Church, London,
73,97

IV. St. Sepulchre's Church, Nor-
thampton, 113

V. Little Maplestead Church, 137
Royle, Dr. remarks by, 78, 102
Ruined Cities in Central America and
Mexico, I, 82-11., 169
Running a-muck, 11

Rural Economy for the Months:-
July, 6

August, 35
September, 79

Iural Sonnet, 231

October, 118
November, 167
December, 20

Rust, Bishop, extract from, 11
Sabbath, remark on the, 181
Sacred things, reverence for, 188
Scotland, a national game of, 225
Scott, Sir W., extracts from, 162, 181
Scripture, general design of, 50
Scrupulousness of conscience, 187
Sea, luminous appearance at, 96
Sea-shore, lines written on the, 219
Sensitive Plant, 189
September, rural economy for, 79
Sepulchre's, St.,Church, Cambridge, 33
Northampton, 113
Sesostris and the Captive King: a
Fable, 16

Sheep, remarkable disease among, 150
Shuttleworth, J. P. Kay, Esq., Lecture
on the Constructive Method of
Teaching, by, 41

Sicily, voyaging in, 78

Sight, Milton, on his loss of, 188
Simultaneous production, 22
Singing, Lines suggested by the Choral
Meetings at Exeter Hall, 27
Slander, 151

Sleeping and Waking: a Fable, 192
Sloth, a Siren: a Fable, 112
Snow, red, 250

Socrates, remark by, 256
Softening of the heart, 227
Somerset House, description of, 27
Sonnet, a rural, 231
Song, voice of, 54
Sorrow, joy in, 70

the good widow's, 200
Sorrowful, occupation for the, 32
South, extracts from, 70, 151, 159, 181
Spare Minutes, 38, 62. 221, 236, 248
Spectacles, a pair of, 140
Squaring the circle, 135
Steam-engine, improvement of the, 102
Stevens, an English Navigator, 190
Strife, the waters of, 235
Suffering, effect of, 227

Summer beverages, artificial cooling of,

31, 51, 69

Sun, eclipse of the, lines on, 77
Sussex, Parham, in, 50
Swimming feat, extraordinary, 182
Switzerland, manufacture of watches
in, 157, 237
Tale-bearing, 241

Taylor, Jeremy, remarks by, 181, 187
Teaching, lecture on. 41
Templars, Knights, history of the, 33,
73, 97, 113

Temple Church, London, 73, 97
Tenderness and scrupulousness, 187
Thames, Banks of the, 11, 27, 65, 153,
185, 203

INDEX TO THE ENGRAVINGS.

Copan, sculptures from the ruins of,
81, 85, 88

Copernicus, monument to, 244
Curling-match on a Scottish lake, 225
Cuyp, Albert, pictures by, 89, 120
Dace, the, 77

Daniel's constant voltaic battery, 92
Danube, views on the, 60, 105, 116, 165,
201

Dewdrop, illustrations of the, 20
Diagrams illustrative of chess, 24, 104,
152, 200, 240

- a curious pro-
perty of the circle, 253, 254
Dockyard at Woolwich, 153
Dog, the, a monumental figure, 220
Donaustauf, ruins of the castle of, 17
Dragon, the, a monumental figure, 220
Durer, Albert, copy of engraving by,209
Early woodcutting, specimens of, 209,
212, 213

English Halls, old, 1, 49, 177

Essex, figure from a monument at
Earl's Colne, in, 237

Little Maplestead Church, 137
Eton college, principal entrance of, 241
statue of Henry VI., 217
Fantail, the white-shafted, 161
Folly, 184

Fort Prince of Wales, 263
Fountain and first gate of the Seraglio,
Constantinople, 128

and mosque of the Sultana,125
Freezing liquids in summer, apparatus
for, 70

French cathedrals, 145, 193, 233

Fur Company's Factory, Lake Su-
perior, 257

Galileo, portrait of, 9

villa of, at Arcetri, 40
German initial letters, 212
Grayling, the, 180
Greenwich Hospital, 65
Hall at Parham, 49

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Illustrations of Chess, 24, 104, 152,
200, 240

the dew-drop, 20
Initial letters, ornamental, specimens
of, 212, 213

Italian Initial letters, specimens of, 213
Lake Superior, Fur Company's factory,
257

Leslie's refrigerator, 32

Letters, ornamental initial, 212, 213
Light, the Nore, 205
Lightning, poplar struck by, 8
Linz, on the Danube, 60

Lion, a monumental figure, 220
Mansions, Old English, 1, 49, 177
Maplestead church, Essex, 137
Margate pier, 24

Mechanical puzzle, a, 157

Mexico and Central America, ruins

and sculpture in, 81, 85. 88, 169, 176
Military-frontier station, 232
Minnow, the, 160

Model, working, of hydraulic belt, 249
Monument to Copernicus, 244
Monumental figures of animals, 220,

236, 237

Mosque and fountain of the Sultana,
Constantinople, 125

Mullet, the grey, 133
Nore light, the, 205
Norfolk, chappell of "Our Ladyef" at
King's Lynn, 68
Northampton, St. Sepulchre's, 113
Northfleet, in Kent, 185

Old English mansions, 1, 49, 177
Orsova, on the Danube, 201

Oxford, earl of, figure from his tomb,237
Palenque, palace of, 169

sculptured tablet from, 176

Parham, in Sussex, 49
Parmesan cheese-pan, 37
Pest, on the Danube, 116
Pier at Margate, 25

Ramsgate, 57

Plan and section of icehouse, 52
Poplar struck by lightning, 8
Portrait of Galileo, 9

Presburg, on the Danube, 105

Prince of Wales's fort, Hudson's Bay,
264

Puzzle, a mechanical, 157

Red Mount, King's Lynn, chappell of
"Our Ladye" at, 68

Refrigerator, Leslie's, 32

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Visit to the Garden of the Royal
Botanic Society, 91

Antiquary's study, 162

Voice of Song, the,54
Voltaic electricity, 11. 92

Voyage down the Danube, 17, 60, 105,

116, 164, 201
Voyaging in Sicily, 78

Waking and Sleeping: a Fable, 192
Walsh, Dr. extract nom, 192
Warwick, Arthur, Spare Minutes by,
38, 62, 221, 236, 243, 248
Watches, manufacture of, in Switzer-
land, 157, 237

Watson, Bishop, extracts from, 22, 54
Weakness of man, 181
Weight and heat of air, 24
West, Mrs, observation by, 147
Wheat, produce of a grain of, 78
White-shafted fantail, the, 161
Will o' the Wisp, or Ignis-fatuas, 4
Wisdom, true, 196

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to the fraction of a pound, and then multiplied his mixed number of
pounds by itself; his answer is then in a fraction of pounds, which he
reduces to pounds, shillings, pence, and farthings."

Dele 2nd and 3rd pars. of col. 2.

Middle of col. 2. for "four or five" read "three."

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WOLLATON, NOTTINGHAMSHIRE.

We have already referred in terms of commendation to the two series of views of the Mansions of England in the Olden Time, by Mr. Joseph Nash, from each of which series we obtained permission to copy three views. On proceeding to avail ourselves of a similar licence with respect to the third series, recently published, we feel much pleasure in stating that the present volume will not terminate the production of these beautiful books. The lively interest evinced in the progress of my labours, (says Mr. Nash,) and the many personal attentions shown to me by the possessors of those mansions already visited by me, together with the continued success and approbation that have attended the publication, have determined me to persevere in my already expressed design of delineating ail the most remarkable examples of domestic architecture remaining of the old time. Every successive journey has made me acquainted with more unlooked-for relics of the architectural splendour of the old Baronial Halls and Manor-houses, and I have no doubt that there exist many, yet to be brought to light, of fully equal interest to those already before the world.

These views, or rather pictures, are beautiful as works of art, and valuable as illustrations of history. They are drawn on stone in the tinted style, with raised lights, and in some cases advantage has been taken of Mr. Hulmandel's invention of the Lithotint, "a process of drawing on stone with the brush, both pleasant and painter-like in its execution, and brilliant and powerful in its results." We need scarcely add that these views are from original sketches. Mr. Nash displays in them a most intimate knowledge of the various grand, romantic, and picturesque details of Tudor architecture;-nor has he viewed the stately mansions and halls of England with the eye of an architect merely--one great charm of his pictures is to be found in their touching reality:— the old furniture, the instruments and utensils of art and industry, the ornaments, and the many little accessories which an intimate knowledge of the subject alone can give, are restored to their appropriate places in these fine old abodes--the occupants too, both of high and low degree, clad in their appropriate costumes, impart animation and truth to every scene, engaged as they are, singly or in groups, in various employments and amusements; or, in larger numbers, celebrating some of our old English games with such earnestness that we are almost disposed to feel angry that we cannot throw down the pen and hasten to join them.

Our frontispiece is copied from the fifth plate of the third series, and represents the Hall at Wollaton, in Nottinghamshire the seat of the Lord Middleton.

The construction and use of halls is of considerable antiquity. William Rufus constructed a hall in his palace at Westminster which preceded all others in point of antiquity and dimensions. Halls were afterwards erected at Chester, Bristol Castle, Woodstock, and Beaumont in Oxford. These were probably of rude construction, and were divided into two aisles by stone arches or upright beams of timber.

When castles came to be constantly inhabited. and the necessary resort to them of equals, and feodal depenpants at solemn feasts and customary entertainments, required a large space, attention was bestowed on the internal architecture and characteristic ornaments of these halls, more especially at the upper end where were the daist and the high tablet. Edward I. erected a hall in his castle at Conway, from which period no prin

*In a course of articles entitled " England in the Olden Time," con

tained in Saturday Magazine, Vols. XIV., and XV., we described some of the most remarkable of the old English sports and games.

✦ The haut-pas, or dais, was a part of the floor elevated above it, and approached by three steps at least.

Halls were sometimes so spacious as to admit of a knight's riding up to the high table, as the Champion of England was accustomed to do at the coronation. Thus Chaucer:

"In at the halle dore al suddenlie
There came a kuight upon a stede,
And up he rideth to the high bordo.",

cipal residence of the nobility or feudal lords was without one; and though in the general plan they corresponded with each other, yet they varied both in minuter parts and in the degree of magnificent construction. When the stern castles of the nobles were superseded by the mansions which Mr. Nash depicts so well, halls were still retained, and their internal arrangement followed a general plan. The high table was elevated upon a platform above the level of the floor, and was reserved for the lord and his family with the superior guests. Around the walls were separate tables and benches for the officers of the household and dependants. In the centre was the great fire-place open on all sides, placed immediately beneath a turret in the roof called a louvre, for the purpose of conveying away the smoke; this was the most ancient, but a very imperfect expedient. Chimney-places included within the walls were a luxury due to more modern invention.

The expansive roofs were made of timber frame of oak or chesnut. Whether of the indigenous material, oak or chesnut, or of the latter imported from Portugal and Castile, is uncertain. It was firmly compacted together with considerable geometrical skill, and admitting many of the ornamental forms in carved wood, which abounded in the age in which they were erected.

Large corbels of stone and projecting trusses issued from the side walls, and were disposed in the bays (likewise called severeys) between each window. Upon the ends of these were likewise carved demi-angels, each holding a large escutcheon to its breast. The vast superincumbent frame work was thus supported, and was composed of open lattices, which gave much lightness by perforation, and were finished with pendants. Near to the high table was a projecting or bay window, fully glazed, and frequently with armorial stained glass, in which was placed the standing cupboard, to contain the splendid display of plain and parcel gilt plate. The rere-doss was a frame with tapestry, sometimes canopied, fixed behind the seat of the sovereign or the great chieftain when he dined in public. Around the walls was wainscot of paneled oak or strained suits of tapestry, that is, in the fourteenth century, the era of their introduction. Having given these details on the subject of Halls in general, we proceed to notice that of Wollaton in particular. It is situated in the parish of the same name, at a pleasant walking distance from the town of Nottingham. The approach to the house is through a noble winding avenue of lime-trees, nearly a mile in length. The park is extensive and well stocked with deer; it also contains spacious sheets of water supplied with a variety of fish and enlivened by aquatic birds; it is also broken into gentle swells, well wooded with oak and elm, and at intervals admitting some very picturesque and extensive views of the surrounding landscape. A fine sweep leads round to the north front of the house, which stands on a knoll, and exhibits a most magnificent appearance even at a considerable distance, lofty and antique, and bearing some resemblance to the august tower of an ancient cathedral, "bosom'd high in tufted trees."

The building, which is in the Elizabethan style, is square, with four large towers, adorned with pinnacles: and in the centre, the body of the house rises higher, with projecting coped turrets at the corners. The front and sides are adorned with square projecting Ionic pilasters; the square stone windows are without tracery; and the too great uniformity of the whole is broken by oblong niches, by circular ones filled with busts of philosophers, emperors, empresses, and by some very rich mouldings.

Sir Francis Willoughby, Knt., is said to have built the house according to a plan of his own, and that the works were superintended by John Thorpe, the celebrated English architect. Another account gives the honour to Robert Smithson, who is described, in his epitaph in the church at Wollaton, as "Architector and Surveyor, unto

the most worthy House of Wollaton, with divers others of great account; obiit 1614." He is supposed to have been Thorpe's pupil and successor.

Camden, in his Britannia, censures the motives of the founder of this stately hall, asserting that by the time it was finished, it had sunk three lordships. In another place, in speaking of Wollaton, he says, "where in our "where in our own time Sir Francis Willoughby, at great expense, in a foolish display of his wealth, built a magnificent and most elegant house with a fine prospect." Mr. Nash says: "In grandeur and unity of design, though not in extent, this noble edifice, in respect of its external beauty, may be considered the most striking of the numerous magnificent mansions of the Elizabethan era.

The garden front of the mansion, is the most richly decorated; the entrance front being somewhat similar. The building forms a square, in the centre of which is the Hall, occupying the whole ground space of the central tower-a very remarkable feature of the edifice, and to which all the rest of the building is subordinate. In this as in almost all other of the Elizabethan mansions, the masonry and workmanship are so excellent, that they have more freshness of execution in their details, as well as solidity in their construction, than many buildings of recent date.

The entrance hall contains an armoury for the county, consisting of a number of musquets with their accoutrements all disposed in a regular and ornamental manner. From hence we enter the hall, the interior of which "will strike every observer by its stupendous height and singular proportion, the screen itself being loftier than many of the halls of that period. Its dimensions may be described as those of a double cube, being as high again as its length. Notwithstanding its immense height, this apartment is perfectly comfortable, and is used at the present day. The roof is very bold in construction, and has a very elegant effect; and the screen is of stone, richly decorated in the Italian style." The gallery contains an organ and a handsome clock. The walls and ceiling are painted by La Guire; and there are several pictures by the old masters. There are also imitations of elks' heads, but with real horns, over every door; near to the gallery is a family piece: and the gallery itself contains some family portraits.

The saloon is described as an elegant and airy apartment containing some good pictures; but the attention of the stranger is principally directed to the windows, from whence there is a most enchanting prospect of the pleasure grounds, and their various ornaments of buildings and water, backed by fine groves, in which are seen shady walks, and all the beauties of garden scenery.

The principal staircase is elegantly painted in fresco; the subjects are chosen from heathen mythology. The dining-room up stairs is furnished with some capital family pictures, among which are particularly pointed out that of Sir Richard Willoughby, Lord Chief Justice during the space of twenty three years, in the reign of Edward the Third; and secondly Sir Hugh Willoughby, who was frozen to death in the North Seas, in 1554*.

The drawing-room is plain and elegant, and is furnished with some pictures; the billiard-room contains what is called the original picture of the Earl of Strafford and his secretary, the night before his execution. The picture is said to have considerable merit, and to be a just likeness of the unfortunate nobleman.

The secondary staircase is ornamented with some good paintings. A circular staircase in one of the towers conducts the visitor to the Upper-room or Ballroom, which rises above the centre of the roof. Mr. Nash says that this room has been entirely modernised. Two of the turrets contain neat rooms, to which the approach is from the roof of the house, from whence there is a most delightful and extensive prospect of the well wooded park and gardens, in which the water and

The reader will find the interesting history of this brave man in our first notice of Old English Navigators.-See Saturday Magasine, Vol. XIX. p. 199.

bridge have a very fine effect; and the Woulds together with the vale of Belvoir, add much to the beauty of the prospect, contrasting finely with the rich foreground. The ornaments of the roof consist principally of a number of statues of tolerable workmanship, and well preserved: the mode of arranging the chimnies is so ingenious that they appear rather designed for ornament than use.

Descending from this elevation, the Library is the next object of attraction. It is a long room wainscotted in imitation of oak, with a good selection of books on general subjects, well arranged. Here is an ancient folio Missal, highly illuminated; also an ancient service book of Wollaton church, bought from the last Roman Catholic Rector for ten marks, containing the whole service set for chanting in the ancient manner. Henry, the fifth Lord Middleton, with many portraits of the earlier branches of the Willoughbys, are in this apartment; together with a very curious antique cabinet, ornamented with animals and flowers, inlaid with mother of pearl.

Near the mansion is the ancient pleasure-ground, in which the antique style is preserved, though with some modern alterations and additions. The modern flower

and kitchen gardens are at some distance from this, and completely hid in wood, so as only to be visible from the upper part of the house. In the grounds there is a curious summer-house in the grotto style, pannelled and ceiled with looking-glasses, and ornamented with paintings and shell-work. Under it is a water-house, formed completely in the grotesque, with shell and rock-work.

The ancient village church of Wollaton contains several memorials of the Willoughby family, among which may be mentioned a monument to Richard Willoughby, Esq. and his wife, who died about 1481; it resembles an ancient fire-place in a gothic hall, and in the centre is a large grating, inside of which lies the representation of a skeleton on the floor. Here is also a monument of Henry Willoughby in armour, with two female figures on one side, which lie in a line, and are just his length. He is in the attitude of prayer; and the lower part of the altar contains four figures, two of which are sons in armour, and two daughters in the costume of the time. Three gothic arches in the body of clothes. the tomb show a statue of a corpse in grave The date is 1528; no less than eighty-three years before the institution of Baronets; yet the inscription on the tomb has "miles pro corpore regis &c., Baronettus," which, however, has been regarded as a mistake for "Bannerettus."

BE wise to day: 'tis madness to defer:
Next day the fatal precedent will plead ;
Thus on, till wisdom is pushed out of life,
Procrastination is the thief of time:
Year after year it steals, till all are fled,
And to the mercies of a moment leaves

The vast concerns of an eternal scene.-YOUNG.

THOSE who have been accustomed to consider the gipsy as a wandering outcast, incapable of appreciating the blessings of a settled and civilized life, or, if abandoning his vagabond propensities, and becoming stationary, as one who never ascends higher than the condition of a low trafficker, will be surprised to learn that amongst the gipsies of Moscow there are not a few who inhabit stately houses, go abroad in elegant equipages, and are behind the higher orders of the Russians neither in appearance nor mental acquirements. To the female part of the gipsy colony of Moscow, is to be attributed the merit of this partial rise from degradation and abjectness, having from time immemorial so successfully cultivated the vocal art, that though in the midst of a nation by whom song is more cherished and cultivated, and its principles better understood than by any other of the civilized globe, the gipsy choirs of Moscow are, by the general voice of the Russian public, admitted to be unrivalled in that most amiable of all accomplishments.BORRAD'S Gipsies.

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