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the same way as the salaries appropriations. The Act provided for the following for the police force of the House Office Building, under the Sergeant at Arms: 1 lieutenant, $1,200; and 13 privates, $1,050 each; in all, $14,850.105 The addition of 3 privates to the House Office Building police force, brought the total to 84. The total appropriation was 90,200.

A Joint Resolution (H.J. Res. 60) of December 17, 1915 provided for deficiency appropriations for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1916. Included in the resolution were: 16 additional privates at the rate of $720 per annum each, from December 16, 1915 to June 30, 1916, both dates inclusive, one-half of the privates to be selected by the Sergeant at Arms of the Senate and one-half by the Sergeant at Arms of the House, in all, $6,240; one-half to be disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate and the other half to be disbursed by the Clerk of the House.106 With the addition of the 16 privates, for the last 6 months of the fiscal year ending June 30, 1916, the total force was 100, (see infra 39 Stat. 66, 68, 69, 71), and the money appropriated was $96,440.

The Appropriations Act of May 10, 1916, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1917, provided: for the police force for Senate Office Building, under the Sergeant at Arms, 16 privates, at $1,050 each; 1 special officer, $1,200; in all, $18,000. For the main Capitol Police force: 1 captain, $1,800; 3 lieutenants, $1,200 each; 2 special officers, $1,200 each; 47 privates, $1,050 each; 16 additional privates, $720 each; one-half of the privates to be selected by the Sergeant at Arms of the Senate, and one-half by the Sergeant at Arms of the house; in all, $68,670. For contingent expenses $200. One-half of the foregoing amounts were to be disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate and one-half by the Clerk of the House. For the police force of the House Office Building under the Sergeant at Arms, 1 lieutenant, $1,200; thirteen privates, $1,050 each; in all, $14,850.107 The total Capitol Police force remained at 100, and the money appropriated was $101,720.

On December 7, 1916, the following concurrent resolution (S. Con. Res. No. 62) was enacted:

That a joint committee, consisting of 3 Senators and 3 Representatives, to be appointed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives, respectively, is authorized to make the necessary arrangements for the inauguration of the President-elect of the United States on the fifth day of March next.

108

On December 7, 1916, the House approved the concurrent resolution, and the Speaker of the House appointed Mr. Rucker of Missouri, Mr. Garrett, and Mr. McKinley as members of the joint committee on the part of the House. 109

On December 11, 1916, the President pro tempore of the Senate appointed Senators Overman, Smith and Warren as members of the joint committee on the part of the Senate.110

105 38 Stat. 997, 999, 1000, 1002.

106 39 Stat. 3.

107 39 Stat. 66, 68, 69, 71.

106 39 Stat. 1605.

109 Congressional Record, 64th Cong., 2d Sess., v. 54, Pt. 1, December 7, 1916: 102.

On February 3, 1917 the following joint resolution (S.J. Res. No. 47) was approved:

. . That to enable the Secretary of the Senate and the Clerk of the House of Representatives to pay the necessary expenses of the inaugural ceremonies of the President of the United States, March 5th 1917, in accordance with such program as may be adopted by the joint committee of the Senate and House, appointed under a concurrent resolution of the two Houses, including the pay for extra police for 3 days at $3 per day, there is hereby appropriated out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $35,000, or so much thereof as may be necessary, the same to be immediately available; payment to be made upon vouchers approved by the chairman of said joint committee. 111

The Appropriations Act of March 3, 1917, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1918, provided: for the police for the Senate Office Building, under the Sergeant at Arms, 16 privates, at $1,050 each; 1 special officer, $1,200; in all, $18,000. For the main Capitol Police force: 1 captain, $1,800; 3 lieutenants, $1,200 each 2 special officers, $1,200 each; 47 privates, $1,050 each; 10 additional privates,

The Appropriations Act of July 3, 1918, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1919 provided: for the police force for the Senate Office Building, under the Sergeant at Arms, 16 privates, $1,050 each; and 1 special officer, $1,200; in all, $18,000. For the main Capitol Police force: 1 captain, $1,800; 3 lieutenants, $1,200 each; 2 special officers, $1,200; 47 privates, $1,050 each; 10 additional privates, $840 each; one-half of the privates to be selected by the Sergeant at Arms of the Senate and one-half by the Sergeant at Arms of the House; in all, $65,550. For contingent expenses, $200. One-half of the foregoing amounts ($65,750) shall be disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate and the other half by the Clerk of the House. For the police force of the House Office Building, under the Sergeant at Arms; 1 lieutenant, $1,200; 13 privates, $1,050 each; in all, $14,850.113 The total force remained at 94, and the amount of money appropriated was $98,600.

The next Appropriations Act of March 1, 1919, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1920 provided for the same amount of personnel and money for the police force of the Senate Office Building, the main Capitol Police force, and the police force of the House Office Building, i.e., 94 members, and a total appropriation of $98,600.114 The July 19, 1919 Appropriations Act, for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1920, made the following provisions:

Protection of the Capitol: For an additional uniformed police force for the protection of the Capitol Building and Grounds, the Senate and House Office Buildings, and the Capitol power plant, and for emergencies, and each and every item incident thereto, $30,000, one-half to be disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate and onehalf by the Clerk of the House of Representatives: Provided, That the appointment to the positions herein provided shall be made by the Sergeants at Arms of the two Houses and the Superintendent of the Capitol Building and Grounds [sis] (see supra 22 Stat. 302, 307), and shall be made solely on account of efficiency and special qualifications. 115

A further search of the records revealed that there was no mention of the size or grades of the additional police force the Capitol

111 39 Stat. 874. A further search of the records revealed no accounting for the money expended for the police, and no number of police hired for the inaugural ceremonies.

113 40 Stat. 757, 760, 761, 763.

114 40 Stat. 1213, 1215, 1216, 1218.

Police Board hired. Excluding the additional police force mentioned in the Act, the regular Capitol Police force consisted of 94 members. The total appropriations, including the $30,000 for the additional force was $123,600. This the first time in law that any criteria (efficiency and special qualifications) for hiring a member of the police had appeared.

The Appropriations Act of May 29, 1920, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, provided: for the police force for the Senate Office Building, under the Sergeant at Arms, 16 privates, at $1,050 each; 1 special officer, at $1,200; in all, $18,000. For the main Capitol Police force: 1 captain, $1,800; 3 lieutenants, $1,200 each; 2 special officers, $1,200 each; 47 privates, $1,050 each; 10 additional privates, $840; one-half of said privates to be selected by the Sergeant at Arms of the Senate and one-half by the Sergeant at Arms of the House; in all, $65,550. For the contingent expenses fund $200. Onehalf of the amounts for the main Capitol Police force shall be disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate, and the other half by the Clerk of the House. For the police force for the House Office Building, under the Sergeant at Arms: 1 lieutenant, $1,200; 13 privates, $1,050 each; in all, $14,850.116 The Capitol Police force remained at 94 members. The total appropriations was $98,600.

The Appropriations Act of June 5, 1920, for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, made the following provisions:

Capitol Police: For purchasing and supplying uniforms to Capitol Police, $4,000, one-half to be disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate and one-half by the Clerk of the House of Representatives.

Protection of the Capitol: For an additional uniformed police force for the protection of the Capitol Building and Grounds, the Senate and House Office Buildings, and the Capitol power plant, and for emergencies, and each and every item incident thereto, $20,000, one-half to be disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate and onehalf by the clerk of the House of Representatives: Provided, That the appointment to the positions herein provided shall be made by the the Sergeants at Arms of the two Houses and the Superintendent of the Capitol Building and Grounds [sis] (see supra 22 Stat. 302, 307), and shall be made solely on account of efficiency and special qualifications. 117

A further search of the records revealed that there was no mention of the size or grades of the additional police force the Capitol Police Board hired. Excluding the additional police force mentioned in the Act, the regular Capitol Police force consisted of 94 members. The total appropriations, including the $20,000 for the additional force and $4,000 for the uniforms was $122,600.

On December 13, 1920, the following concurrent resolution (S. Con. Res. No. 34) was passed:

[That] a joint committee, consisting of three Senators and three Representatives, to be appointed by the President of the United States and the Speaker of the House of Representatives, respectively, is authorized to make the necessary arrangements for the inauguration of the President-elect of the United States on the 4th of March next. 118

On December 13, 1920, the Speaker of the House appointed Representatives Cannon, Reavis, and Rucker to serve on the joint inaugural committee.119

116 41 Stat. 631, 633, 634, 636.

117 41 Stat. 874, 939.

118 41 Stat. 1641.

On December 14, 1920, the President pro tempore of the Senate appointed Senators Knox, Nelson, and Overman to serve on the joint inaugural committee. 120

A joint resolution (S.J. Res. 237) was approved January 13, 1921, as follows:

[That] to enable the Secretary of the Senate and the Clerk of the House of Representatives to pay the necessary expenses of the inaugural ceremonies of the President of the United States, March 4, 1921, in accordance with such program as may be adopted by the joint committee of the Senate and House of Representatives appointed under a concurrent resolution of the two Houses including the pay for extra police, there is hereby appropriated out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $50,000, or so much thereof as may be necessary, the same to be immediately available. 121

The Appropriation Act of March 3, 1921, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1922, provided: for the police force the Senate Office Building, under the Sergeant at Arms, 16 privates, $1,050 each; and 1 special officer, $1,200; in all, $18,000. For the main Capitol Police force: 1 captain, $1,800; 3 lieutenants, $1,200 each; 2 special officers, $1,200 each; 33 privates, $1,050 each; one-half of the privates to be selected by the Sergeant at Arms of the Senate and one-half by the Sergeant at Arms of the House; in all $42,450. For contingent expenses, $200. One-half of the amounts for the main Capitol Police force to be disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate and one-half by the Clerk of the House. For the Police force for the House Office Building, under the Sergeant at Arms, 1 lieutenant, $1,200; 13 privates, $1,050 each; in all, $14,850.122 The police forces of the Senate Office Building and the House Office Building were not decreased, but the main force of the Capitol Police had a reduction of 24 privates. The total force was 70 members, and the appropriation was $75,500.

An Appropriations Act of March 4, 1921, for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1922, provided $4,000 for purchasing and supplying uniforms to Capitol Police, one-half to be disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate and one-half by the Clerk of the House.

The Act also included the following provisions:

Protection of the Capitol: For an additional uniformed police force for the protection of the Capitol Building and Grounds, the Senate and House Office Buildings, and the Capitol power plant, and for emergencies, and each and every item incident thereto, $15,000, one-half to be disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate and onehalf by the Clerk of the House of Representatives: Provided, That the appointment to the positions herein provided shall be made by the Sergeants at Arms of the two Houses and the Superintendent of the Capitol Building and Grounds [sic] (see supra 22 Stat. 302, 307) and shall be made solely on account of efficiency and special qualifications. 123

A further search of the records revealed that there was no mention of the size or grades of the additional police force the Capitol Police Board hired. Excluding the additional police force mentioned in the Act, the regular Capitol Police force consisted of 70 mem

120 Senate Journal, 66th Cong., 3d Sess., December 14, 1920, p. 20.

121 41 Stat. 1089. A further search of the records revealed no accounting for the money expended for the police, or how many were hired, or what they were paid.

122 41 Stat. 1252, 1253, 1254, 1256.

bers. The total appropriations, including the $15,000 for the additional force and $4,000 for the uniforms, was $94,500.

The Appropriations Act of March 20, 1922, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1923, provided: for the police force for the Senate Office Building, under the Sergeant at Arms, 16 privates, $1,050 each; 1 special officer, $1,200; in all, $18,000. For the police force for the House Office Building, under the Sergeant at Arms, 1 lieutenant, $1,200; 19 privates, $1,050 each; in all $21,150. For the main force of the Capitol Police, 1 captain, $1,800; 3 lieutenants, $1,200 each; 2 special officers, $1,200 each; 33 privates, $1,050 each; onehalf of the privates to be selected by the Sergeant at Arms of the Senate and one-half by the Sergeant at Arms of the House; in all, $42,450. For the contingent expense fund $200. The Act also provided $2,000 for purchasing and supplying uniforms to the Capitol Police. A further provision of the Act was:

Protection of the Capitol: For an additional uniformed police force for the protection of the Capitol Building and Grounds, the Senate and House Office Buildings, and the Capitol power plant, and for emergencies, and each and every item incident thereto, $15,000: Provided, That the appointments to the positions herein provided shall be made by the Sergeants at Arms of the two Houses and the Architect of the Capitol, and shall be made solely on account of efficiency and special qualifications. One-half of the foregoing amounts under “Capitol Police" shall be disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate and one-half by the Clerk of the House. 124

After the Clerk of the House read the above provision, the following discussion ensued on the floor of the House:

Mr. DOWELL. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike out the last word. What is the meaning of this paragraph-for an additional uniformed police force. Does that include extra men who are not on the regular force, or is it the regular force under that name?

Mr. ANDERSON. This is the regular force, but these are not, as I understand it, patronage employees. The employees provided for under the item at the top of page 19, as I understand it, are patronage employees, but the police employed under the item to which the gentlemen refers are not such.

Mr. DOWELL. But they are regular employees?

Mr. ANDERSON. They are regular employees on the force. 125

A further search of the records revealed that there was no mention of the size or grades of the additional police force the Capitol Police Board hired. Excluding the additional police force mentioned in the Act, the regular Capitol Police force consisted of 76 members. The total appropriations, including the $15,000 for the additional force, and the $2,000 for uniforms, was $98,800.

The Deficiency Appropriations Act of July 1, 1922, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1922, and prior fiscal years, supplemental appropriations for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1923 provided for: for salaries, Capitol Police, House of Representatives, $6.25.226

The February 20, 1923 Appropriations Act, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1924 provided: for police force for the Senate Office Building, under the Sergeant at Arms, 16 privates, at $1,050 each; and 1 special officer, $1,200; in all, $18,000. For the police force of the House Office Building, under the Sergeant at Arms, 1 lieutenant $1,200; 19 privates, $1,050 each; in all $21,150. For the regular Capitol Police force: 1 captain, $1,800; 3 lieutenants, $1,200 each; 2

124 42 Stat. 422, 424, 427, 429.

125 Congressional Record. 67th Cong. 2d Sess., v. 62, February 9, 1922, p. 3335.

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