Surgical Anatomy of the Face

aesthetic alveolar analysis anatomy angle anterior approximately artery attach base bone bony branch brow buccal canthal tendon cephalometric changes Chapter chin columella complex Continued contour create crus cutaneous deep demonstrate depressor dermis described direction dissection divided drainage elevated extends external eyelid face facial nerve fascia fat pad fibers flap forehead fracture frontal function gland hair head important incision inferior innervated lacrimal lateral cartilage layer levator aponeurosis lies lower lymph nodes lymphatics major Makielski MD FIG mandible mandibular marginal masseter maxillary medial muscle nasal nasal bones nasal tip neck nose orbicularis orbital parotid parotid duct pattern plane platysma plexus portion position posterior provides region relationship scalp seen septum skin skull SMAS soft-tissue structures subcutaneous superficial temporal superior supply supraorbital surface surgery surgical temporalis temporalis muscle tissue upper upper lip usually vascular vertical vessels zygomatic zygomatic arch