State Responsibility and the Individual: Reparation in Instances of Grave Violations of Human RightsAlbrecht Randelzhofer, Christian Tomuschat Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 11 mar. 1999 - 296 pagini The book reviews the modern tendency to recognize individuals aggrieved by a (grave) violation of their rights as holders of claims to reparation directly under international law. Indeed, the European as well as the American Convention on Human Rights empower the relevant Courts to grant appropriate compensation to any person whose complaint is successful. Under general international law, however, this tendency still lacks solid foundations, although a draft declaration currently pending before the UN Human Rights Commission ('van Boven Principles') would confirm the individual's entitlement to reparation as a matter of international law. Likewise, some US Courts have already tried to entertain suits against foreign States in instances of egregious human rights violations. At first glance, to accept persons victims of grave violations as actors at the level of international law seems to be a big step forward, strengthening significantly the regime of human rights. Yet care must be taken not to lose sight of the advantages of the traditional configuration according to which the State alone is entitled to assert reparation claims in cases where its nationals have suffered injury at the hands of another State. In particular, the consequences of developments of catastrophic dimensions like wars cannot be sensibly settled in the same way as any other tort claim. At the inter-State level, in particular, globalization of reparation is indispensable. To apply the simple maxim that all the consequences of an internationally wrongful act must be wiped out would in many instances be tantamount to negating the possibility ever to make a fresh start after a devastating international conflict. |
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Cuprins
Individual Reparation Claims in Instances of Grave Human Rights | 1 |
Individual Reparation Claims under the International Covenant on Civil | 27 |
Discussion Part 1 | 43 |
The Practice of the Past | 63 |
Individual Reparation Claims under the European Convention on Human | 109 |
Discussion Part 2 | 131 |
International Obligations to Provide for Reparation Claims? | 149 |
Reparation for Human Rights Violations Committed by the Apartheid | 173 |
Discussion Part 3 | 189 |
Norbert Wühler | 213 |
The Legal Position of the Individual under Present International | 231 |
Discussion Part 4 | 243 |
Rehabilitation and Compensation of Victims of Human Rights Violations | 251 |
Documentary Annex | 281 |
Participants of the International Colloquium Berlin | 289 |
Alte ediții - Afișează-le pe toate
State Responsibility and the Individual: Reparation in Instances of Grave ... Albrecht Randelzhofer,Christian Tomuschat Previzualizare limitată - 2023 |
State Responsibility and the Individual:Reparation in Instances of Grave ... Albrecht Randelzhofer,Christian Tomuschat Nu există previzualizare disponibilă - 1999 |
Termeni și expresii frecvente
Alien Tort Statute American Convention amount Apartheid applicant Article 50 awarded BGBl Boven breach Christian Tomuschat claimants Commission concerning constitutional Convention on Human conventional norms Court of Human criminal customary customary international law decision domestic law draft articles droits de l'homme East Germany effective enforceable entitled established European Convention European Court fact Germany Government granted Honduras Human Rights Committee human rights violations individual reparation claims injured issue judgment jurisdiction Justice lempiras loss moral damages non-pecuniary damage norms party payment person practice principles problem procedural Professor protection of aliens protection of human Protocol public international law question Randelzhofer regard regime rehabilitation remedy respect responsibility restitutio in integrum restitution rules Saramaka satisfaction Security Council self-executing seqq sovereign immunity Statute suffered supra note Suriname Theo van Boven tion tional Tomuschat tribunals United Nations Velásquez victims violations of human