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administration the School had grown in numbers and usefulness. To students and Faculty he was always a guiding and inspiring teacher and colleague. He gave unstintingly of his time, his energy and his great ability to the development of the School and its opportunities. What to others might seem inconsequential details received his patient consideration and attention. No question involving the School or one of its students was unimportant in his estimation. It was by this patient attention to detail that he developed the School, its Faculty and its student body.

Dean Stone's appointment as Attorney General of the United States resulted in the advancement to April 7, 1924, of the effective date of his resignation. The vacancy caused by Dean Stone's retirement has been filled by Professor Huger W. Jervey, who graduated from the Law School in 1913 and became an Associate Professor in the Faculty of Law on July 1, 1923. The selection of Professor Jervey, effective as of July 1, 1924, followed the unanimous recommendation of the Law Faculty.

The teaching staff of the School has suffered the additional loss of John Bassett Moore, Hamilton Fish Professor of International Law and Diplomacy, and Munroe Smith, Bryce Professor of European Legal History, both of whom retired on June 30, 1924. Professor Moore will continue to have an office at the University where he will spend such time as his duties as a Judge of the International Court of Justice permit and where he will keep his important collection of international law documents.

Other changes in the teaching staff include the promotion of Associate Professors Noel T. Dowling, Edwin W. Patterson, Richard R. B. Powell, and Huger W. Jervey to be Professors of Law; the appointment of Mr. Roswell F. Magill, formerly of the Law Faculty of Chicago University, as Assistant Professor of Law for one year, and the appointment of Professor Karl N. Llewellyn of the Yale Law School Faculty, as Visiting Lecturer for one year with the understanding that at the end of that year Professor Llewellyn will become an Associate Professor in our Law Faculty.

On the recommendation of the Faculty of Law, a Cutting Traveling Fellowship was awarded to Mr. John H. Johnson, who received his LL.B. degree in 1924, with a view to his pursuing researches in England respecting the development of Real Property law by modern legislation.

During the year the Trustees authorized the appointment of an Assistant to the Dean to deal with those detailed problems which, notwithstanding our central administration, are involved in the daily administration of the School.

The School has fully absorbed the recent changes in the teaching staff and is splendidly equipped to render, under Dean Jervey's leadership, new and expanding service in the cause of legal education.

Respectfully submitted,

June 30, 1924

THOMAS I. PARKINSON,
Acting Dean

SCHOOL OF MEDICINE

REPORT OF THE DEAN

FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1924

To the President of the University

SIR:

I have the honor to submit the following report of the work at the College of Physicians and Surgeons for the year ending June 30, 1924:

Three hundred seventy-three students registered for the courses leading to the M.D. degree. There were 101 First Year students, 89 Second Year, 95 Third and 88 Fourth Year students. There were 35 graduate students who registered in various departments of the School of Medicine under the Faculty of Pure Science. In the courses for graduates in medicine there were 849 students. We wish to again express our appreciation of the earnest cooperative efforts on the part of the premedical teachers at Columbia College in the selection of students.

The following promotions have been made:

Alphonse R. Dochez from Associate Professor to Professor of Medicine Alwin M. Pappenheimer from Associate Professor to Professor of Pathology Calvin B. Coulter from Associate to Associate Professor of Bacteriology William W. Herrick from Assistant Clinical Professor to Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine

Edgar G. Miller, Jr. from Assistant Professor to Associate Professor of Bio-Chemistry

Karl M. Vogel from Assistant Professor to Associate Professor of Clinical
Pathology

Maxwell Karshan from Instructor to Assistant Professor of Bio-Chemistry
John B. Lynch from Instructor to Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology
Mary Nevin from Instructor to Assistant Professor of Bacteriology
Max Schulman from Associate to Assistant Professor of Clinical Medicine
Frederick B. Humphreys from Associate to Assistant Professor of Bac-
teriology

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Distinct progress has been made in developing the courses for graduates in medicine under their own Administrative Board.

As a result of the report of the Committee appointed to consider the problem of the full-time organization in the clinical departments, the Faculty adopted the following resolutions at its December meeting:

RESOLUTIONS REGARDING ORGANIZATION
OF CLINICAL DEPARTMENTS

RESOLVED, that

December 17, 1923

1. The Faculty of Medicine approves the report of its Committee on Administration relating to like academic status in all departments of the University.

2. The Faculty of Medicine recommends that the Directors of Medicine and Surgery be authorized to organize their departments on the same basis as is enjoyed by all other departments of the University, and is guaranteed under Section 65 of the University Statutes.

3. The Faculty of Medicine recommends that the salaries in the Departments of Medicine and Surgery be adjusted to conform with those in other departments of the Medical School.

4. The Faculty of Medicine recommends that, in order to minimize individual personal hardships, these adjustments be made gradually and in accordance with the specific Budget Proposals of the Directors of the departments concerned; the complete adjustment in all cases to be accomplished within three years.

5. A copy of these resolutions together with a copy of the Report upon which they are based shall be forwarded to the President, for such action, if any, as may be necessary.

These were approved by the Trustees in January and by the Board of Managers of the Presbyterian Hospital, and beginning at that time the new plan was put into effect. The most important change was that the men who were giving their full day to their University work and who limited their private patients to those who could and would come to the Hospital, began to have direct dealings with their patients. They rendered bills to these patients and the patients paid them directly instead of paying the Hospital. The additional salaries which the University had been paying these men were decreased

gradually during the year and the sum turned over to the University by the Hospital for this purpose correspondingly decreased. This meant that the Hospital generously allowed these men a year to adjust themselves to the new conditions. As before, the individual is free to regulate the amount and character of private work that he does in any way that seems best to him, provided that it does not "interfere with the thorough, efficient and earnest performance of the duties of his office." (Statutes $65.)

The members of the Departments of Medicine and Surgery are now on the same basis as are those of the fundamental departments of the Medical School, as well as the other departments of the University. The present plan allows far greater latitude in the building up of an organization within a department of individuals who differ widely in their special abilities and usefulness as well as in their needs and opportunities. This plan allows each individual to personally arrange his mode of living and of work instead of attempting by legislation to control the activities of a group made up of individuals who vary widely among themselves as to the different qualifications required of clinical teachers. As has been mentioned in previous discussions of this problem, it should be possible not only to include in a department men of varying qualifications, whose energies are devoted in a varying degree to teaching, research and the care of the sick, but also to allow each individual over a period of years to adjust his daily schedule to meet changing conditions. It should be possible for men to gradually come from outside practice into the full-time organization and it is of even greater importance to allow them to gradually change from the full-time to the part-time plan. A good deal of information has been obtained by the experiment of the last three years and much first-hand knowledge gained. The early adoption of the extreme type of fulltime is in no way regretted, and during this period a strong, active and useful department has been built up in Medicine and Surgery to a degree which could not have been obtained under any other plan. There is a wide variation in conditions existing in the different schools and hospitals which are ex

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