and nations and their several cultures by the interchange of teachers and students is the surest single means to advance the cause of international understanding, international sympathy, and therefore international peace. Governments will doubtless continue to go their blind and blundering way, but peoples, who are now everywhere superior to their governments and often most inadequately represented by them, can and will find ways and means of their own to establish those human contacts and to bring about those interdependences which are implicit in any state of society which calls itself either civilized or Christian. The powerful and influential part which Columbia University takes in promoting every undertaking of this kind is ground for deep satisfaction and will one day be universally recognized as having been distinguished and constructive public service. Dentistry as a University Subject The merger during the year of the College of Dental and Oral Surgery of New York with the School of Dentistry of Columbia University as it had theretofore existed, is an event of more than usual importance and significance. The College had been in existence since 1905, and had carried on, with increasing success, a substantial body of instruction both theoretical and clinical in the field of Dentistry. Its managers and teachers felt that the time had come when there must be an elevation of the standard for admission to the School, and that this could best be gained, and the whole work most readily strengthened, by seeking university affiliation. After careful consideration a corporate merger was effected as of July 11, 1923, and at the beginning of the academic year the work in Dentistry went forward under new auspices and with greatly increased facilities and equipment. For some time past Dentistry has been establishing itself in this University as a subject in close affiliation with Medicine and Surgery, and is receiving gratifying recognition and support. The new regulation of the Regents of the University of the State of New York, whereby after January 1, 1926, students of Dentistry will be required to present evidence of having had a preliminary education equivalent to at least two years of undergraduate work in college, was to accept and adopt for the entire State the policy that had already been introduced at Columbia. It is plain that the steps which have been taken have given new stimulus to the study and teaching of Dentistry, and have aided materially in advancing it to that place in medical and surgical education which it must one day come to occupy. The very thorough and searching study of this subject, which has been made for the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching by and under the direction of Dr. William J. Gies, Professor of Biological Chemistry in Columbia University, is already having its effect in attracting nation-wide attention to this subject. Dr. Gies makes it plain that while Dentistry is now and for some time past has been an independent and closely organized profession, with about 50,000 practitioners in the United States and 3200 in Canada, nevertheless its relationship to medicine and surgery is so close that it can and should be best carried on in intimate relation with them. No fewer than thirty-one American universities now maintain schools of Dentistry, and it is clear that the future of this profession is substantially assured. Public interest cannot be served and the public health cannot be adequately protected unless and until the close relationship between Dentistry on the one hand, and medicine and general surgery on the other, is clearly recognized, not only in medical and dental education, but in professional standards and professional conduct. Baker Field Fortunately the University was enabled to acquire more property at Baker Field by reason of Mr. George F. Baker's additional and most generous gift of $125,000. The area thus acquired included about twent-five lots, with a frontage on Broadway of 638.93 feet, and an average depth of more than 100 feet. By reason of this purchase Baker Field is now a compact and unbroken body of ground covering more than 28 acres, and bounded by Broadway, West 218th Street and the Harlem River. Few gifts have meant more to the undergraduate life of the University and none has brought greater satisfaction to both students and alumni than that of Baker Field. Before its acquisition all outdoor sports and athletic contests were of necessity restricted to the available space in the middle of South Field. It was quite impossible to carry on there either proper practice or intercollegiate athletic contests save under embarrassments that were obvious and vexatious. At Baker Field these difficulties disappear. There as many as 250 men may be taken care of at one and the same time, with adequate facilities for playing space, locker rooms and baths. This leaves the space at South Field at the disposal of the members of the Freshman Class in Columbia College for practice and intercollegiate contests during the spring and autumn of each year. The construction of the new boat house at Baker Field has been followed by a very large increase in the number of men who take practice in rowing. More than one hundred students have recently been enrolled for crew practice alone, and a more general participation in rowing is confidently expected to follow. With the completion, in the spring of 1925, of the baseball field, that sport will also be provided for in a manner that has not heretofore been possible. In short, the development of Baker Field, as thus far carried out, has already resulted in the increase by not less than five hundred of the number of students actively participating in athletic exercises and outdoor sports. As time goes on there will be a steady increase in the number of those using the running track and taking part in such sports as soccer football and lacrosse. The Graduate Manager of Athletics confidently expects that the number of students taking active part in some one or more of these outdoor exercises and sports will shortly be increased by at least a thousand. These facts clearly indicate the large part which a well placed and well developed athletic field may play in the undergraduate life of a modern college. Gifts The report of the Treasurer (pp. 358-492), sets out in detail the gifts and bequests received during the year 1923-4. The total amount of these gifts is $1,196,001.90. The largest items in this list are the value of the buildings and equipment of the College of Dental and Oral Surgery of New York, $445,185.59; the Estate of Joseph R. DeLamar, to be added to the DeLamar Fund, $200,000; George F. Baker, for the purchase of additional property at Baker Field, $125,000; the Estate of F. Augustus Schermerhorn, $74,906.25; Estate of Cora M. Perkins, to be added to the Castner Fund, $52,189.56; Estate of A. Barton Hepburn, $39,634.39; Estate of William A. Dunning, to establish the Dunning (William A.) Fund, $30,542.39; Estate of Amos F. Eno, to be added to the Eno (Amos F.) Fund, $27,460.85; a member of the Class of 1909, School of Mines, to establish the Kemp (James F.) Fund, $20,000; Estate of Robert B. Van Cortlandt, to be added to the Van Cortlandt (Robert B.) Fund, $19,588.55; from the Borden Company, for research in Food Chemistry and Nutrition, $15,000; from the Com monwealth Fund for the development of the Psychiatric Clinic at the Medical School, $15,000; from the William J. Gies Fellowship Fund Committee, to establish the Gies (William J.) Fellowship Fund, $10,717.78; from Newbold Morris, to establish the Morris (Augustus Newbold) Fund, $10,000; from the Bausch & Lomb Optical Company, to establish a fund to purchase optical instruments, $7,100; from Joseph P. Chamberlain, for the Legislative Drafting Research Fund, $6,500; from Professor Carlton C. Curtis, to be added to the Curtis (Carlton C.) Fund, $5,000; from Dr. Frederick W. Huber, to establish the Huber (Frederick W., Jr.) Scholarship Fund, $5,000; from Herman A. Metz, for alterations to the Dental School building, $5,000; and from George W. Murray, to establish the Murray (George W.) Fund, $5,000. The total gifts received during the year by the four corporations included in the educational system of the University may be classified as follows: Purpose A. Gifts to Capital: 1. General Endowment 2. Special Endowments 3. Buildings and Grounds B. Gifts to Income: 1. General Purposes 2. Specific Purposes Total Columbia Barnard Teachers $114,540.64 $63,421.26 $352,773.99 College of $578.00 329,574.39 109,620.45 1,016,550.43 577,355.59 2,800.00 103,228.07 15,912.50 286,509.43 100.00 $1,196,001.90 $90,333.76 $979,057.81 $110,298.45 $2,375,691.92 An examination of this classification will indicate how relatively small are the gifts to be added to the general endowment of the University, or those to be added to its annual income available for general University purposes. It is just at these two points that the University most greatly needs assistance. However important and interesting gifts for special purposes may be, those made |