dents' standpoint. For the first time in our history, the members of the faculty find themselves in a position to carry on their researches and special work under favorable conditions. One of the most agreeable experiences is to have our valuable and useful herbarium, heretofore kept in a dark storage-space beneath the lecture room, housed in our commodious museum-room, with good light and abundance of deskspace. Much of the summer vacation has been devoted to the incorporation of the Alphonso Wood collections into the general herbarium, so that they can be readily consulted. It is a rather startling fact that the cost of this building addition, representing a little less than one-third of the material and labor entering into the original structure, has been just about double that of the latter in 1894.

Present attention among pharmacy schools is centered largely on investigations now in progress as to the bearing of the subject-matter taught on the practical duties of the pharmacist. It is believed that the conclusions reached may have the result of bringing about important changes in the curriculum.

Respectfully submitted,

June 30, 1924

H. H. RUSBY,

Dean

SUMMER SESSION

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR

FOR THE SUMMER SESSION OF 1924

To the President of the University

SIR:

As Director of the Summer Session I have the honor to submit the following report of the twenty-fifth Summer Session of the University which opened July 7 and closed August 15, 1924.

The report of the Registrar includes the statistical record of the Session. (See pages 331-337). Outstanding figures are: (1) the enrollment of 12,916 students, which is the largest in the history of the Summer Session (against 12,675 for the attendance of 1923); (2) the percentage of men and women, 31.28 and 68.72 respectively; (3) the wide territorial distribution with 8,969 students from outside of New York State, and with 1,691 (13.09 per cent) from the South Atlantic Division (Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia) and 351 students from foreign countries. Of the students in attendance 46.04 per cent had taken work at the University previously. Studies of the distribution of previous years indicate clearly that the percentage of students from outside New York State is constantly increasing.

The figures for the enrollment of 1924 show in comparison with the figures of 1923 very small gain in any Summer Session throughout the country and in some a small loss. It seems likely that in every Summer Session the chief increase in numbers is to be expected from the development in the field of education, and in some few institutions from the increasing use which undergraduates make of the Summer Session in order to decrease their period of residence. In Schools of Business throughout the country the percentage of increase

is very slight, both in the Summer Session and the academic year, while a decrease is evident in many of the branches of engineering.

Other interesting figures of the Summer Session of 1924 are: 568 instructors—396 men and 172 women; with the addition of 41 assistants-24 men and 17 women. In the Demonstration School there were 3 High School teachers and 19 Elementary teachers. The composition of the instructing staff was marked by the attendance of five instructors from foreign countries. There was a total of 230 instructors from outside the University.

A total of 830 courses was offered. In addition to the regular courses there were 102 lectures given as recorded in the Weekly Bulletins of the Summer Session:

The analysis of these lectures is interesting as revealing in several departments a continuity of development during the Session. The Metropolitan Museum of Art for the first time conducted under its own auspices a series of lectures at the Museum which were planned and announced especially for the students of the summer sessions in New York City. The University of the State of New York, as in years past, presented various aspects of the education of the adult immigrant. Through the initiative of Mrs. Haskell the Women's Graduate Club instituted a series of afternoon talks and receptions in which persons well known for literary and artistic achievement participated.

The organization of the students of the Summer Session into clubs on the basis of geographical distribution or common interest in a subject-matter has been an important feature for many years. The resourcefulness of the officers of these clubs and the promptness and good spirit in which they carry out their work mark them as conspicuously good citizens in the academic community.

Excursions were conducted in and about New York City with a total of 13,443 participants. The West Point excursion included 2,081 students and 847 were taken to Atlantic City. The Director of Excursions, Professor Leonidas W. Crawford, of the George Peabody College for Teachers, has so perfected his organization that from the thousands of students who benefited from their introduction to New York and its surroundings under his guidance not a single complaint or record of mishap was reported in the Session of 1924.

Music, as always, held a prominent place in the Session. In the Summer Session of 1924, three instrumental and vocal concerts were given in the Gymnasium, and three organ recitals and the usual music festival, with chorus and symphony orchestra, were given.

At the request of the Federal Department of Public Health, the Universities of Iowa, Michigan, California, and Columbia introduced a series of courses for physicians, nurses, and others interested in public health administration. In each institution the enrollment reached between one hundred and twenty-five and one hundred and fifty. Physicians and public health experts connected with the East Harlem Health Center, research laboratories of the City Department of Health, Bellevue Hospital, Crocker Research Laboratory, Vanderbilt Clinic, Cornell University Medical College, Presbyterian Hospital, College of Dental and Oral Surgery, and the College of Physicians and Surgeons cooperated in giving an unusually comprehensive program at Columbia. This will be repeated in 1925 in an effort to provide instruction and to determine the desire for summer training of public health officials.

Three developments of especial interest were undertaken within departments which have been represented in the

Summer Session for many years. Contemporary achieve

ment in various branches of psychology was presented in the following program:

Mental Tests and Democracy, and Immigration by Robert S. Woodworth, Ph.D., Professor of Psychology, Columbia University.

The Social Instincts, and the Psychology of Capital by Edward L. Thorndike, Ph.D., Professor of Educational Psychology, Director, Institute for Educational Research, Columbia University.

Skill in Work and Play by Tom H. Pear, B.Sc., M.A., Professor of Psychology, University of Manchester, England.

Mental Tests and Their Bearing on the Problems of Intelligence, Character, and Individual Differences by Charles E. Spearman, Ph.D., Grote Professor of Mind and Logic, University of London.

Industrial Psychology, Its Recent Development in General, and in Great Britain by Charles S. Myers, M.A., M.D., Sc.D., F.R.S., Director, National Institute of Industrial Psychology, London.

Applied Physiological Psychology; Re-education for Nervous Defects by Shepherd I. Franz, Ph.D., Director of Research, St. Elizabeth's Hospital, Washington, D. C.

The Individual from the Standpoint of Conduct Tendencies as well as Mental Capacities by William Healy, M.D., Director, Judge Baker Foundation, Boston.

In Economics, Professor William E. Weld directed a comparative survey of economic conditions in five countries and offered an interesting program which will be continued in 1925:

England, Charles R. Fay, former Fellow and Tutor, Christ College, Cambridge.

Germany, Ludwig Bendix, Financial Adviser to the German Embassy. Argentina, Burgess Wooley, Member of the Board of Directors, Argentine-American Chamber of Commerce.

Japan, Tadao Wikawa, Assistant Financial Commissioner of the Japanese Government to the U. S. A.

India, William E. Weld, formerly Professor of Economics, Ewing Christain College, Allahabad, India.

Adequate instruction in Advertising is at all times difficult to secure since those actually engaged in the practice of the profession are usually unwilling to devote a part of their time. to teaching. In the summer of 1924 a professional course was offered in copy writing and a survey course was given through