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THE PLATFORM OF PRINCIPLES OF
ILLINOIS' CHARITY LAW.

"To provide humane and scientific treatment and care and the highest attainable degree of individual development for the dependent wards of the State;

"To provide for delinquents such wise conditions of modern education and training as will restore the largest possible portion of them to useful citizenship;

"To promote the study of the causes of dependency and delinquency and mental, moral and physical defects, with a view to cure and ultimate prevention;

"To secure the highest attainable degree of economy in the business administration of the State institutions consistent with the objects above enumerated, and this Act, which shall be known as the code of charities of the State of Illinois, shall be liberally construed to these ends."

117-20

1925

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Dr. H. Douglas Singer, Director, Dr. Charles Ricksher, Clinical Pathologist,
Kankakee.
Kankakee.
W. B. Quantz, Ph. D., Biological Chemist,

Kankakee.

Dr. S. N. Clark, Physician.

K. M. Manougian, Pathologist.

SUPERINTENDENTS OF INSTITUTIONS.

The Elgin State Hospital, Elgin-Dr. H. J. Gahagan.

The Kankakee State Hospital, Kankakee-Dr. P. M. Kelly.

The Jacksonville State Hospital, Jacksonville-Dr. E. L. Hill.

The Anna State Hospital, Anna-Dr. R. A. Goodner.

The Watertown State Hospital, Watertown-Dr. J. A. Campbell.
The Peoria State Hospital, Peoria-Dr. R. T. Hinton.

The Chester State Hospital, Chester-Dr. J. L. Herrell.

Chicago State Hospital-Dr. George Leininger.

The Lincoln State School and Colony, Lincoln-Dr. Thomas H. Leonard. The Illinois Industrial Colony for Improvable Epileptics, Dixon-No superintendent.

The Illinois School for the Deaf, Jacksonville-Mr. C. P. Gillett. The Illinois School for the Blind, Jacksonville-Mr. H. C. Montgomery. The Illinois Industrial Home for the Blind, Chicago-Mr. Wm. F. Shultz. The Illinois Soldiers' and Sailors' Home, Quincy-Mr. John E. Andrew. The Soldiers' Widows' Home of Illinois, Wilmington-Mrs. Nettie McFarland McGowan.

The Illinois Soldiers' Orphans' Home, Normal-Mrs. William H. Claggett. The Illinois Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary, Chicago-Dr. James O'Connor.

The State Training School for Girls, Geneva-Mrs. Carrie O'Connor.
The St. Charles School for Boys, St. Charles-Mr. G. Charles Griffiths.
The Alton State Hospital, Alton-No superintendent.

CONTRIBUTORS TO THE QUARTERLY.

ON THE RELATION BETWEEN EDUCATION AND PHILANTHROPY. Edmund J. James, President of the University of Illinois.

ON THE STATE'S WORK AMONG THE INSANE.

Dr. Ralph T. Hinton, Superintendent Peoria State Hospital.
Dr. P. M. Kelly, Superintendent Kankakee State Hospital.
Dr. H. J. Gahagan, Superintendent Peoria State Hospital.
Dr. J. A. Campbell, Superintendent Watertown State Hospital.
Dr. R. A. Goodner, Superintendent Anna State Hospital.
Dr. E. L. Hill, Superintendent Jacksonville State Hospital.
Dr. J. L. Herrell, Superintendent Chester State Hospital.

ON CHILDREN.

Miss Julia C. Lathrop, Director National Children's Bureau, Washington, D. C.

Dr. Thomas A. Woodruff, Chicago; Mr. H. C. Montgomery, Jacksonville, Superintendent State School for the Blind; and Dr. William H. Wilder, Chicago: Blindness, its prevention and the care and training of the young blind.

Mr. C. P. Gillett, Jacksonville, Superintendent State School for the Deaf; and Dr. George E. Shambaugh, Chicago: The education and care of the deaf.

Dr. Thomas H. Leonard, Superintendent of the Lincoln State School and Colony: The feeble-minded.

Mr. Sherman C. Kingsley, Chicago, director of the Elizabeth J. McCormick foundation: The normal but dependent child.

Dr. Henry Helmholz, Chicago: Infant welfare and infant mortality. Dr. Caroline Hedger, Chicago: Infant welfare and infant mortality.

G. Charles Griffiths, Superintendent of the St. Charles School for Boys. The delinquent boy.

Dr. W. H. C. Smith, Godfrey: The epileptic child.

Mrs. Carrie O'Connor, Superintendent of the State Training School, Geneva: The delinquent girl.

Mr. H. L. Harley, State Psychologist at the Lincoln State School and Colony, and Dr. William Healy, Psychologist of the Chicago Juvenile Court: The subnormal and the retarded child and the application of tests of mentality in the schools.

ON GENERAL PHILANTHROPY AND SOCIOLOGY.

Prof. Edward C. Hayes, head of the Department of Sociology of the University of Illinois: Sociology.

Dr. Graham Taylor, Chicago Commons: General philanthropy.

William C. Graves, Superintendent of the Illinois Reformatory at Pontiac; Michael Zimmer, Warden Joliet Prison, and H. V. Choisser, Warden Chester Prison: Correction.

Dr. George T. Palmer, Springfield: Public health, housing and antituberculosis.

Mr. Frank E. Wing, Superintendent of the Chicago Municipal Tubercu losis Sanatorium: Anti-tuberculosis.

Dr. Theodore B. Sachs, Chicago, Secretary of the Municipal Tuberculosis Sanitarium: Anti-tuberculosis.

Miss Elnora E. Thomson, Chicago, Secretary of the Illinois Mental Hygiene Society; Mental hygiene and social service among the insane.

Sidney A. Teller, Chicago, Director of Recreation, Stanford Park, Chicago; Recreation and Social Centers.

THE JAILS AND ALMSHOUSES OF ILLINOIS.

This issue of the INSTITUTION QUARTERLY has been devoted almost exclusively to a study of the jails, almshouses and relief agencies of Illinois.

You will find in it a report upon every jail and almshouse in the State, except those of Peoria and St. Clair Counties, which were inspected early in the year, and report published in other issues of this publication.

There is included in this volume an account of the relief measures and methods of every county in the State.

The almost gigantic task of visiting every county, making an inspection on these subjects, collecting the information necessary, and writing the reports which constitute the contents of this number has been accomplished by the inspector of institutions for the State Charities Commission, Miss Annie Hinrichsen, within ten months, and within twelve months after she began her work this account of it appears in print for public reading.

It has been the theory of the Charities Commission that the only report worth anything is the fresh report. It has been the effort, therefore, to present to the public the reports of its work in quarterly periods. This task, however, could not be reported upon until it had been completed.

As the inspection has progressed, the newspapers of the capital of each county have been furnished with a copy of Miss Hinrichsen's report on that county. Almost without exception these reports have appeared in print, often with editorial comment.

Some of them are very uncomplimentary to the local community. But it is worthy of remark here that protests that untruth had been told or the facts misrepresented have come from only. two counties.

The Charities Commission asks that these institutions comply with the demands of common decency and justice. It does not demand or suggest luxuries, but it does believe that the people of a State of progress, position and humanity, such as Illinois, want their public institutions, whether they be State, county or city, creditable to them.

It is the aim and object of the commission to offer to the counties a reasonable standard of almshouse, jail, and public and private relief that shall insure to their inmates or beneficiaries what civilization and humanity have decided to be their due.

This commission has no object whatever but to tell the truth about those institutions, placed by the law under its inspection. It is not prejudiced by any influence against, or in favor of, any county or county official. It believes that the light of day is the best weapon against unclean, unjust, inhumane, wasteful or cor

rupt administration, and it has sought to use publicity in the interest of the taxpayer and the inmate of the institution.

Some counties have gladly welcomed its suggestions. The criticisms made of their jails, almshouses and public relief agencies have been accepted in the spirit in which they have been offered. Other counties have received its reports in a spirit of resentment or hostility, and have tried to discredit them by various means.

It will not be out of place here to summarize the chief recommendations which will be found in detail on the following pages.

The commission is in favor of the district or the State penal farm for petty offenders; of the extension of the system of probation for men and women who can not give bail; a monthly grand jury in the populous counties; the prohibition of the per diem system of feeding prisoners, and the power, reposed in the Governor, to close any almshouse or jail which fails to meet the requirements of decency, sanitation and humanity in its administration.

The commission favors a law which will permit two or more counties to join in the erection and maintenance of a district almshouse. It will urge upon the next General Assembly an enactment which will break up the practice, indulged in by twenty-three of our counties, of letting the superintendency of the county farm to the highest bidder on the land, and the lowest on the keep of the inmates.

For improvement in the official outdoor relief situation, it strongly recommends the Indiana law and system which requires the filing with a central state authority of duplicates of all orders for relief, issued by overseers of the poor or supervisors. Such a law has resulted in good in Indiana and will work similar reforms in this State.

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