Tax Credits for Nonpublic Education, Hearings Before ... , on H.R. 16141and Other Pending Proposals ... |
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American areas assessed assistance basis bill California Catholic schools Chairman church cities citizens Civil Rights classification Commission on Civil Committee constitutional costs County Dandridge deductions desegregation discrimination disparities economic educa educational finance elementary and secondary enrollment Equal Educational Opportunity equal protection clause established Federal financing system formula Fourteenth Amendment fundamental interest funds grant income tax inequities instruction Internal Revenue Service involved issue Justice legislation Legislature McInnis Nansemond-Suffolk Academy National nonpublic schools parents parochial schools percent poor private nonprofit schools problems programs property tax public education public school system public schools racial racially segregated religion religious school desegregation school districts school finance secondary schools segregated academies segregated private schools Serrano statement statewide statute Supp supra note Supreme Court tax base tax benefits tax credit tax rate taxpayers teachers Texas tion tuition U.S. Commission Valtierra violate York
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Pagina 658 - Today education is perhaps the most important function of state and local governments. Compulsory school attendance laws and the great expenditures for education both demonstrate our recognition of the importance of education to our democratic society. It is required in the performance of our most basic public responsibilities, even service in the armed forces. It is the very foundation of good citizenship. Today it is a principal instrument in awakening the child to cultural values, in preparing...
Pagina 834 - The fundamental theory of liberty upon which all governments in this Union repose excludes any general power of the State to standardize its children by forcing them to accept instruction from public teachers only. The child is not the mere creature of the State; those who nurture him and direct his destiny have the right, coupled with the high duty, to recognize and prepare him for additional obligations.
Pagina 659 - In these days, it is doubtful that any child may reasonably be expected to succeed in life if he is denied the opportunity of an education. Such an opportunity, where the state has undertaken to provide it, is a right which must be made available to all on equal terms. We come then to the question presented: Does segregation of children in public schools solely on the basis of race, even though the physical facilities and other "tangible" factors may be equal, deprive the children of the minority...
Pagina 712 - ... to suffer the civil magistrate to intrude his powers into the field of opinion, and to restrain the profession or propagation of principles on supposition of their ill tendency, is a dangerous fallacy, which at once destroys all religious liberty, because he being of course judge of that tendency will make his opinions the rule of judgment, and approve or condemn the sentiments of others only as they shall square with or differ from his own...
Pagina 661 - When the classification in such a law is called in question, if any state of facts reasonably can be conceived that would sustain it, the existence of that state of facts at the time the law was enacted must be assumed. 4. One who assails the classification in such a law must carry the burden of showing that it does not rest upon any reasonable basis, but is essentially arbitrary.
Pagina 661 - Court has held that, even though the governmental purpose be legitimate and substantial, that purpose cannot be pursued by means that broadly stifle fundamental personal liberties when the end can be more narrowly achieved.
Pagina 712 - ... that to suffer the civil magistrate to intrude his powers into the field of opinion, and to restrain the profession or propagation of principles on supposition of their ill tendency, is a dangerous fallacy, which at once destroys all religious liberty...
Pagina 712 - ... that it is time enough for the rightful purposes of civil government, for its officers to interfere when principles break out into overt acts against peace and good order...
Pagina 712 - ... truth is great and will prevail if left to herself, that she is the proper and sufficient antagonist to error, and has nothing to fear from the conflict, unless by human interposition disarmed of her natural weapons, free argument and debate, errors ceasing to be dangerous when it is permitted freely to contradict them: "II.
Pagina 677 - equal protection of the laws" is a more explicit safeguard of prohibited unfairness than "due process of law," and, therefore, we do not imply that the two are always interchangeable phrases. But, as this Court has recognized, discrimination may be so unjustifiable as to be violative of due process.