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detection-the omission of but.-My manuscript was thus, if, indeed, it was not fit, but that Greece' &c. My reviewer perceived the typographical error, but instead of pointing it out" &c. &c. Rude and foolish man! we cannot but exclaim. Let the passage be read, as he says it stood in his manuscript; and the sentence is still altogether mistranslated. But he cannot understand that the construction is ὀφθῆναι ἔσαν τὴν Μ. λείαν. He still persists in making it-r 'Enáda oar" Greece, while really Greece !" and talks of " the participle oav qualifying 'Exλáda, and standing opposed to ὀφθῆναι. !”

Lest we should omit any concession to Dr. J. which he has a right to claim, we must observe, that, among the instances which we gave of words, whose quantity he had neglected to mark, angins ought to be expunged; as the remark pen. long, does occur after the word. It is no wonder that this escaped our notice, as it is so very rarely that he thus designates the quantity. The place of angs may be supplied by ayniga, or by examples afforded in almost every page of the Lexicon.

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Dr. J. goes out of his way to furnish multiplied additional evidences of his ignorance of Greek, by attempting to play the critic upon others. He tells us (p. 56) that 30órn Tagaxéngerar, in the beginning of Lucian's Κατάπλες, means "the sail is beating itself in the wind." The same hardy defiance of all distinction of tenses he displays in his spirited version (p. 29) of the words ἧπε στρατόπεδον ὦ κεφαλὴν ἐλελήθεις ἔχων “ Zounds, sir, you seem not to know that you have a camp, and not a head on your shoulders.”The words ἢ τάχα π8 καὶ κλωπεύει ὁ γεννάδας παρελθών he informs us (p. 57) ought to be translated" the fine fellow, having overreached somebody plunders him." Defending the common reading in that passage of Lucian's Νεκ.—καὶ μάλιςα τὰς Αἰγυπτίων αὐτὲς—he interprets it (p. 35)" and especially those of the Egyptians we have found to be themselves, that is, such as they were when alive." and he assures us, that " Lucian alludes to the beginning of the Iliad, αὐτὲς δ ̓ ἐλώρια τεῦχε úvoo."!-He tells us (p. 12) that, sinov "is for siλov av," in that verse of the Iliad r. 698 "Ενθα κεν ὑψιπυλον Τροίην ἕλον υίες Αχαιών. We should not be surprised if Dr. J., at the moment of his reading these lines, were wholly unable to conceive what blunder we mean to attribute to him, in citing this remark. Curiosity led us to look in his Lexicon for the particle or xv; suspecting that he might there also manifest the same ignorance of its meaning. It is as we suspected, let our classical readers turn to the last page of his Addenda.

We must abstain from adducing any further specimens of Dr. Jones's learning; delectable as many others are. Indeed, among all the criticisms in his pamphlet, both offensive and defensive, we scarcely have observed one in which he stumbles upon any thing right. He gravely informs us (p. 19) that the principle on which a great proportion of his Lexicon is founded, has been "unknown to all Lexicographers ancient and modern." We think it very probable. And here we dismiss JOHN JONES, LL.D. We dismiss him, however, not without giving him an opportunity of displaying an accomplishment, which unfortunately the compilation of a Lexicon affords no opportunity of exhibiting.We will spare the quarter of a page that Dr. Jones may figure among the very fine writers of the age. "This being the case," says the eloquen

Lexicographer, "I cannot fail, when standing forth a candidate for public approbation, to have claims that entitle me to respect; and though I may not succeed to the full extent of my wishes, I shall still retain the consolation of having deserved success. What is called genius, or the powers of a highly-favoured mind, is often but the dawn of an intellectual day. Instead of rising like the sun by a steady course of well-directed appli cation, and increasing in expanse and lustre till it reaches its meridian splendour, it resembles an orient cloud transiently floating in its beams, till after being fed with vanity as with incense, and soothed with flattery, as with the music of the grove, in a summer's morn, it suddenly drops its magnificence, and dissolves into air without leaving a vestige of its early promises. Solid and permanent excellence, on the contrary, is the fruit of long-continued care and cultivation. Other blessings, like the rain, may descend unmerited and unasked from the bounty of Heaven; this alone has its fixed price, and must be purchased by industry from the Great Disposer of all Good, and him who has attained it on the proper terms, though I myself may fail, I regard with the same complacency as the light which still gilds the eminences above my level, after it has withdrawn its rays from my own more humble situation."

We are not revengeful, nor indeed have we sustained injury; but could we take a more bitter revenge upon this learned doctor than to print him?

3.-A Tour in Germany, and some of the Southern Provinces of the Austrian Empire, in the years 1820, 21, 22. Two Vols., 12mo. Edinburgh. 1824.

AMONG the authors of books of travels, the lively and ignorant tourist who hastens from city to city with a precipitancy which keeps him in a sort of fever of curiosity and gratification occupies the very lowest point in the scale of utility, but in that of entertainment fills a respectable station, at least in the opinion of the lounging reader: For a narrative of that description has somewhat of the interest of a novel, in which the excitement it raises is by no means proportioned to the singularity or importance of the incidents, but in a great measure to the intensity of the enjoyment which animates the writer. If the traveller be ignorant, he admires the more. The first impressions are the strongest; and even the personalities of his book, tho' in themselves worthless, give a relish to the composition by raising the readiest sympathies of the

reader.

Now these little volumes tho' they may fairly enough be placed above the works to which we have alluded fall far short of them in the amusement they afford. The writer keeps himself in the back-ground-he has not even ventured by way of preface or introduction to utter a syllable concerning himself, nor are we told why he wrote or why he journeyed. So much the better, we should say, did the volumes form a work of solid information. So much the worse we do say, as it is a book of entertainment or nothing. From internal evidence, we nevertheless give credit to the title-page, and have no doubt that the author did reside in Germany during the years 20, 21 and 22 in which he visited the more

famous places it contains, where his attention seems to have been directed chiefly to the moral and political condition of the government and people, for the study of which he does not appear to have brought any remarkable capacity, or to have been furnished with any unusual means of information. The author entered Germany from Alsace and traced the Rhine by way of Carlsruhe, Heidelberg, Darmstadt, &c. to Frankfurth. Then turns northward to Weimar and Jena and here introduces something like a disquisition on the German universities (on which we shall have a word or two to say), crosses over to Leipzig, Dresden, the Saxon towns, Hessia, Gottingen, Hanover, Brunswick to Berlin. Here we have, and it is the best thing the book contains, an account of the liberal, we had almost said radical, reforms in the Prussian government. Thence he passes through Silesia to the Austrian territories, and closes his career at Trieste. With the materials which are so easy to be obtained on such a tour, the author might easily have composed some half dozen quartos, according to approved examples, and we owe him thanks for his forbearance. Instead of pursuing this course, he probably brought home with him the few books which chance threw in his way, and his own work seems to be an after-thought, in the composition of which he writes more like a translator than an author, with as little expense of proper thinking as can well be applied in any book. A few singular oversights seem to confirm our suppositions. As for instance: writing of the assembly or ball rooms in Austria he calls them dancing halls, an expression that would never occur to a man composing what he immediately felt or thought. But copying a book with that attention rather to words than things which marks the translator, he renders the German Tanzsäle by that expression.

Giving an account of the Potsdam gallery and of a picture which had been taken to France he says. 'When the righteous work of restitution was begun at Paris, the French were so intent on retaining the Pomona, that for a while they pretended it had gone amissing.' Which is the German colloquial verloren gegangen. It is possible, however, that some other Germanisms which we noticed may be mere Scottish idioms, for a very large proportion of the common Scotticisms are pure German idioms and our author betrays his country if not his native place by speaking of "Holyrood monastery" in Austria, thus translating Heiligen Kreutz.

We recollect when in the centre of Germany some twenty years ago, being gratified by a deservedly popular journal entitled Englische Miscellenen which was composed in London by Mr. Hüttner a German gentleman who we believe still occupies a post in the Foreign-office. By a judicious selection from the daily and monthly press, he put his countrymen in full possession of all that was interesting to them in what was daily passing in England. This learned traveller (who accompanied lord Macartney to China) thus amused his leisure by an employment of no labour to himself and of great utility to his countrymen, and it would be worthy this enterprising age to collect in a periodical work, reports from all the capitals of Europe by such residents. Till a work of that kind appears we must be content with the scanty fragments of intelligence which travellers like the present furnish us with. Of which the greater part

we are persuaded has been furnished by foreign journals and gossipping pamphlets.

For instance, every syllable that is said of Göthe, who fills a larger space in the minds of men throughout Germany than either lord Byron or Walter Scott here, as well as the account of Weimar and its liberal and most respectable sovereign, of Jena and its students &c. &c. has been printed a score times. We have seen in print in three languages the anecdote of Göthe's having retired from the management of the Weimar theatre in a pet, because the Dog of Montargis was played against his will. We confess it to be a distinction of which a man may be excusably vain to have been admitted to personal intercourse with the most eminent man of his age, but our author would have done well to forego the flattering words "Göthe told me"-where the telling amounted to an unmeaning fact which any student at Jena could have told as well.

We are however more offended by the want of reflection and thought on the part of the author in all he says of the German universities than in the want of original information. He has, in fact, retailed all the common-place declamation against the uncombed slovenly Burschen of Jena, Halle, Heidelberg &c. which he picked up from young ladies and gentlemen at Berlin. Had he reflected on this subject, he might have discovered that it is to the German universities only that that country is indebted for its characteristic public spirit, by which, in spite of its own sovereigns, it rescued the country from foreign subjugation, and bids fair to obtain for itself civil and religious liberty secured by popular institutions. It might have occurred to him, that the national character, of which we are proud, has alike formed and been formed by our parliament, our unlicensed press, and our popular tribunals, and juries. In process of time men and institutions so act and re-act on each other that they become reciprocally cause and effect. Now in Germany all these institutions are chiefly the growth of the present age. Yet in all that constitutes freedom of mind, practical independence, contempt of mere title and power, Germany stands above every other part of the continent. And this distinction it owes to its universities alone. From these are taken all its statesmen, all its fiscal and administrative authorities, and in particular all its theologians and ministers of religion; which latter, by the by, stand as much above their Protestant brethren in our island, as their laymen are below our politicians. Even Catholic Germany with the exception of Austria, is entitled to one portion of this praise; and it may be safely asserted that the professors of the Bavarian universities are nearer in character and spirit to those of Saxony and Prussia, than they are to the doctors of Salamanca or Pavia. Yet our author has not suspected this; and sees nothing in the great seminaries of the north of Germany but large collections of poor scholars, wearing dirty clothes, drinking beer, fighting duels, and breeding rebellion by secret societies! In other respects we do not complain of our author's sentiments, like all Englishmen, he is no Tory at least, abroad. He has an obvious pleasure in recording the steps by which the Prussians are gradually advancing in the possession of a good government. And he inveighs like a good Protestant against the brutal superstition which still oppresses the states of Austria.

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Some of our readers may think that we are complimenting our author (but that is not our intention) when we observe that he appears to have left the country he travelled through precisely as he entered it, he has measured the good and evil of all he saw by a home standard. Of German literature he seems to have been content with what offered itself. If we may judge from the mottos to his chapters he seems to have read indiscriminately their classics and their most frivolous and insignificant book-makers. He shews a sufficient knowledge of the colloquial language of the country, and even betrays a certain Germanism in his style, but we have never once detected a German thought or a German sentiment on any one topic political or moral or religious.

4.-An Historical View of the Hindu Astronomy from the earliest dawn of the Science in India, down to the present time. In two Parts, by John Bentley, member of the Asiatic Society. Calcutta, 1823.

THE Asiatic Society founded in Calcutta by that variously endowed scholar, sir William Jones, is so admirably calculated by its situation, and peculiar opportunities to extend our knowledge of the East, that we trust till the mines of oriental research are exhausted (when will that period arrive?) that labourers, possessed by the spirit of its early members, will never be wanting to explore their recesses. The experience of the past will warrant us in this confidence, nor can we apprehend with the author of the "Hindu Astronomy" that there is at present any danger, that "the harmony of the society and the zeal of its members in promoting the objects of the institution will be extinguished by means of certain attacks made on the labours of some of its members in a periodical work, called the Edinburgh Review, apparently with a view of putting down all further researches into antiquity, and the investigation of truth."

Mr. Bentley relates the history of his double rencontre with the Scotch Critics, in the preface to his present work, and evidently considers that the character of the review of his paper was influenced by attachment to an ill-founded system, and a haughty jealousy of any inquiry into the grounds of that system, rather than by the calm judgment of an unbiassed tribunal, to which every member of the Republic of Letters is clearly entitled. About five and twenty years ago, Mr. Bentley first ventured in an essay published in the Asiatic Researches, to doubt the antiquity assigned to the Surya Siddhanta, a standard work on the ancient Hindu astronomy. Now as these doubts interfered with the preconceived notions of some laborious Sanscrit scholar whose toil had, as he thought, been amply repaid by the admission to share in the wonder and applause excited by the discoveries of early Hindu learning, he felt justified in giving vent to his feelings of disappointment, in that most legitimate arena of literary discussion, the pages of a Review, Mr. Bentley on the other hand adopted a course of defence equally regular by rebutting the critic's arguments, in a subsequent number of the Researches, where not content with exposing the ignorance and sophistry" of the offensive article, he labours to prove a charge of personal ill-will against his antagonist. Upon this last charge.

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