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JOB RETENTION PREFERENCE

Generally, employees who have preference in examinations and appointments also have preference over other employees in retaining their jobs. However, certain employees who have retired from their armed service careers can have preference in examinations and appointments but not be considered preference employees for job retention purposes.

An agency must use reduction-in-force procedures based in part on preference, whenever nontemporary employees are released from the rolls, furloughed for more than 30 days, or reduced in grade for such reasons as lack of work or funds and reorganization.

In such cases preference employees who have satisfactory or better performance rating cannot be displaced or separated from the rolls until competing nonpreference employees serving under the same or similar kinds of appointments have been displaced or separated.

In a reduction in force, each employee is in direct competition with all other employees engaged in similar work, in the same pay grade, and serving under similar conditions. Among competing employees, the order of separation is determined by type of appointment, veteran preference, length of service, and performance ratings.

Veteran preference rights in a reduction in force are identical for 5- and 10point veterans.

OTHER PREFERENCE BENEFITS

All physical requirements are waived for veterans who are found to be physically able to discharge the duties of the position without danger to themselves or to others.

If a veteran was employed by a Federal agency in a nontemporary position immediately before entering on active military duty, he may have a right to return to his old job. He may also be entitled to certain benefits that would have accrued had he remained in his old job, for example, pay increases. Reemployment rights generally expire 90 days from the date of separation from active duty (or 31 days if the duty was an initial period of active duty for training of 3 months or more in the Reserve or National Guard). These rights are described in Pamphlet 51, "Reemployment Rights," available from Federal Job Information Centers.

VETERANS READJUSTMENT APPOINTMENTS

If a Vietnam era veteran has no more than 14 years of schooling, a Federal agency may hire him without requiring that he compete in a regular civil service examination, provided that he agrees to participate in a program of education or training.

For jobs at grades 4 and 5 the veteran need only meet the minimum requirements for the job (this may include passing a written test for some positions). For jobs at grade 3, military service is enough to meet minimum requirements, if the agency determines the veteran is able to do the work.

Under a "Veterans Readjustment Appointment," the veteran and the employing agency would work out a training or educational program designed around the veteran's interests, the agency's needs, and the training or educational facilities available in the area.

The Veterans Readjustment Appointment is an excepted appointment. After two years, if the veteran's job performance has been satisfactory and he has participated in the training or educational program as agreed, his appointment is converted to career or career-conditional.

PLEASE NOTE: A veteran is eligible for a Veterans Readjustment Appointment for (a) one year after discharge, or (b) one year after release from hospitalization following discharge.

FOR MORE INFORMATION

Civil Service Commission personnel will be happy to tell you about job openings in Federal agencies and explain how to apply for them. For this assistance, visit or write the Federal Job Information Center in the area where you live or where you wish to work.

If you write, tell briefly about your education, work experience, and the kind of job you seek. We will send you general information, examination announcements, and any forms you will need.

FEDERAL JOB INFORMATION CENTERS

United States Civil Service Commission

Alabama-Huntsville; 806 Governors Drive, SW., 35801. Mobile; 107 St. Francis St., 36602.

Alaska-Anchorage; 632 Sixth Ave., 99501. Fairbanks; Ft. Wainwright,

99701.

Arizona-Phoenix; 44 West Adams St., 85003.
Arkansas-Little Rock; 923 W. 24th St., 72201.

California-Los Angeles; 851 S. Broadway, 90014. Long Beach; 1340 Pine Ave., 90813. Sacramento; 650 Capitol Mall, 95814. San Bernardino; 380 W. Court St., 92401. San Diego; 1400 Fifth Ave., 92101. San Francisco; 450 Golden Gate Ave., 94102. Santa Maria; 120 W. Cypress St., 93454. Vallejo; 823 Marin St., 94590.

Colorado-Denver; P.O. Bldg., 18th & Stout Sts., 80202.
Connecticut-Hartford; 450 Main St., 06103.
Delaware-Wilmington; 11th & King Sts., 19801.
Florida-Orlando ; 3101 Maguire Blvd., 32803.

Georgia-Atlanta; 275 Peachtree St., NE., 30303. Macon; 451 College St.,

31201.

Hawaii-Honolulu; Fed. Bldg., 96813.

Idaho Boise; Fed. Bldg., 550 W. Fort St., 83702.

Illinois-Chicago; 219 S. Dearborn St., 60604. Great Lakes; Electronics Supply Office, 60088. Rock Island; Rock Island Arsenal, 61201. Indiana-Indianapolis; 36 S. Pennsylvania St., 46204. Iowa-Des Moines; 210 Walnut St., 50309. Kansas-Wichita ; 120 S. Market St., 67202. Kentucky Louisville; 600 Federal Place, 40202. Louisiana-New Orleans; 600 South St., 70130.

Maine Augusta; Fed. Bldg., 04330.

Maryland-Baltimore; Lombard St. & Hopkins Pl., 21201.
Massachusetts-Boston; P.O. & Courthouse Bldg., 02109.
Michigan Detroit; 144 W. Lafayette St., 48226.

Minnesota-Minneapolis-St. Paul; Ft. Snelling, 55111.
Mississippi-Jackson; 802 N. State St., 39201.

Missouri-Kansas City; 601 E. 12th St., 64106. St. Louis; 1520 Market St.,

63103.

Montana-Helena; 130 Neill Ave., 59601.

Nebraska-Omaha ; 215 N. 17th St., 68102.

Nevada-Reno; 300 Booth St., 89502. Las Vegas; 300 Las Vegas Blvd., South,

89101.

New Hampshire-Portsmouth; Daniel & Penhallow St., 03803.

New Jersey-Newark; 970 Broad St., 07102.

New Mexico-Albuquerque ; 421 Gold Ave., S.W., 87101.

New York-New York; 26 Federal Plaza, 10007. Syracuse; 301 Erie Blvd. West, 13202.

North Carolina-Raleigh; 310 New Bern Ave., 27611.

North Dakota-Fargo: 657 2nd Ave., North, 58102.

Ohio-Cleveland; 1240 E. 9th St., 44199. Dayton; 21 E. 4th St., 45402. Cincinnati; 550 Main St., 45202.

Oklahoma-Oklahoma City; 210 NW. 6th St., 73102.

Oregon Portland; 319 SW. Pine St., 97204.

Pennsylvania-Philadelphia; 128 N. Broad St., 19102. Pittsburgh; 1000 Liberty

Ave., 15222.

Rhode Island-Providence; Fed. Bldg. & Post Office, 02903.

South Carolina-Charleston; 334 Meeting St., 29403.

South Dakota-Rapid City; 919 Main St., 57701.
Tennessee-Memphis; 167 N. Main St., 38103.

Texas-Dallas; 1114 Commerce St. 75202. El Paso; 411 N. Stanton St., 79901. Fort Worth; 819 Taylor St., 76102. Houston; 702 Caroline St., 77002. Corpus Christi; 701 N. Upper Broadway, 78401. San Antonio; 615 E. Houston St., 78205. Utah-Salt Lake City; 135 S. State St., 84111.

Vermont-Burlington; Elmwood Ave. & Pearl St., 05401.

Virginia-Norfolk ; 415 St. Paul Blvd., 23510.

Washington-Seattle; First Ave. & Madison Sts., 98104. Bremerton; 511 Burwell St., 98314.

Washington, D.C.-1900 E St. NW., 20415.

West Virginia-Charleston; 500 Quarrier St., 25301.
Wisconsin-Milwaukee; 161 W. Wisconsin Ave., 53203.
Wyoming-Cheyenne; 1805 Capitol Ave., 82001.

Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands-San Juan; 255 Ponce de Leon Ave., 00917.
The CHAIRMAN. Our next panel will consist of four participants,
Mr. Sterling White, Mr. Lamont Fraley, Mr. Lovell Padgett, and Mr.
Martin Sandidge.

Mr. White lives at 2112 New Hampshire Ave., Washington, D.C. He is 23 years of age; he has 2 years of college at North Carolina College, Greensboro, N.C.

His military record was Pfc. in the Army from March 11, 1969, to February 4, 1971, honorably discharged, served in Vietnam for 1 year. His medals include the Vietnam Medal, Service Campaign Medal, Rifle Expert Award, and National Defense Award.

All right; you have been back now since February of this year, White. Could you tell us, in your own words and in your own way, your experiences in seeking employment since you have been disMr. charged? By the way, before you went into the service, in March of 1969, were you a resident of this area or from another area?

STATEMENT OF STERLING WHITE, VETERAN

Mr. WHITE. Yes; I was. I was more or less living here.
The CHAIRMAN. More or less living here?

Mr. WHITE. I was living here; yes.

The CHAIRMAN. Go ahead.

Mr. WHITE. I came to Washington in 1969, transferred from ATC State University, Greensboro, N.C., and I sought employment at the Post Office. I took a test there and passed the test, had a score of 92 then, and went all the way to taking the physical and then I got drafted. They told me when I came back from fulfilling my military duty my job would be at the Post Office waiting for me.

I went to Vietnam. While in Vietnam I was looking forward to when I finished fighting the war and coming back and working in the Post Office and getting back in school. I came back and I went to the Post Office and they told me I had 10 points. I had a score of 102. I went to the people and they told me that they had a position open for me. So I went all the way to taking the road test-I got to the driver's section and they told me

The CHAIRMAN. What Department was this, Mr. White?

Mr. WHITE. Post Office Department-the main Post Office. They told me they couldn't hire me because of my driver's license. I told them my license had been revoked.

When I was living in North Carolina they asked me had my license been revoked. I told them yes, it had. They told me I would have to wait 3 years for them to hire me again. So I wondered why those 3 years, you know, I had to wait for me to be hired again. I would have gotten my license from D.C. and I have no points against me now. They told me I would have to wait 3 years so I left the post office and I went to the Veterans' Administration and I checked with everybody and they helped me out. They brought me to the attention of the committee, and to this panel. That's that. From there I went to other agencies.

The CHAIRMAN. This is Veterans' Affairs?

Mr. WHITE. Yes. Veterans' Affairs on Pennsylvania, 13th and Pennsylvania. I walked in the office and I said, "I come to see about employment, regarding employment." and the first thing he said is, "Who sent you here? Are you sure you are in the right place? You know, our job is not to give you employment, we just counsel you; we give you company interviews." So I said, yes, well, I was looking for a job, could you give me an interview or something, you know, so I told him, well my father had a job in the Post Office. He said, "Why don't you get a job with your daddy and work with him for awhile?" I said, well, I wasn't looking along that line, getting a job with my daddy. So he told me, "Well, I will give you a couple of brochures, you look at them." So I got the brochure and I left and came back and told them about my experience here.

The CHAIRMAN. Who did you call?

Mr. WHITE. Mr. Washington. I told him about my experience at the office there. Plus I had various other specials. I guess I have been in a whole lot in Vietnam. I have been through a whole lot of experiences with drugs and a lot of things and I just don't feel like going through a whole lot of changes-looking for another job. I can only take so much, man. And I talked to the veterans at the hospital.

I have been to a VA hospital here in Washington. I talked to the veterans here. A lot of veterans that have been hung up on drugs and I have took and they have the same problem, too; they go out looking for a job and they get fed up going around. People telling them the same job everybody goes.

The CHAIRMAN. You went to the VA to seek advice and guidance and direction in terms of seeking a job.

Mr. WHITE. The Post Office situation.

The CHAIRMAN. And then to the Post Office to seek a job because you were going to get a job there before you were drafted?

Mr. WHITE. Yes.

The CHAIRMAN. Have you been to any other Federal agencies for jobs other than the Post Office?

Mr. WHITE. The Smithsonian Institute concerning the guard_job. That's all. I was discharged from the hospital in Georgia. When I got out of the hospital I went to southern North Carolina and sought a job there in the Veterans' Administration.

They might as well forget about helping people down thereespecially a veteran. They don't even consider it. Veterans in the south are really lost. And I'm from the south.

The CHAIRMAN. You were discharged in Georgia at a hospital, right?

Mr. WHITE. Yes.

The CHAIRMAN. What were you being treated for?

Mr. WHITE. Mental disorder. They said I was crazy. I had nerve problems because of withdrawing from drugs.

The CHAIRMAN. Did you use drugs before you went to Vietnam? Mr. WHITE. No; more or less a small necessity of ours in college. The CHAIRMAN. Hard drugs or marihuana in college?

Mr. WHITE. Marihuana and hard drugs really.

The CHAIRMAN. But you described your use of drugs before Vietnam as small?

Mr. WHITE. Yes; in Vietnam it was very heavy.

The CHAIRMAN. Your use of drugs increased while in Vietnam?

Mr. WHITE. Yes; it became on a level in Vietnam where, you know, drugs were my way of life.

The CHAIRMAN. How long were you in Vietnam?

Mr. WHITE. Almost a year.

The CHAIRMAN. You were a daily user of hard stuff while in Vietnam?

Mr. WHITE. Everything. Everything.

They said, "We can't hire this cat, he used to be an addict. That is the last thing we want here."

The CHAIRMAN. While in Vietnam did you not only use drugs but distribute drugs?

Mr. WHITE. Yes, I did, I distributed drugs. The main reason I got in this bag, I was in the field for 6 months. I got sick and they took me out of the field and then they sent me back to the field again. You get back to the field after Bravo. They have entertainment hour. So this colonel heard me singing so he told me with my talent I should not be out in the field so he put me in a band and sent me to Saigon on 60-day TDY, tour of duty. So I passed what is called the audition and they put me in a band singing and I was to maybe head the band. So they put me in Saigon, in the big city, and I was real fortunate.

Everybody in my unit back in the field were happy for me. You got out of the field, that's good. I wasn't using drugs then heavy, just smoking a little grass, that's all. So I got in the band and I really got expanded. Everybody was getting down

The CHAIRMAN. Everybody was using hard stuff?

Mr. WHITE. As I had, as I had, smoking grass, you know. So I started doing a little bit of acid and I started a little bit of opium and opium is all right. Then I went to smack. Then I said I am going to make me

The CHAIRMAN. Smack is heroin?

Mr. WHITE. Yes; smack is heroin. So I started doing it and I didn't deal small, I dealt big. And I brag about it because I was black and I got away with it. I made money. When I stopped I was making what I'm making now and I'm not doing it now. I'm not in it now but I am not ashamed to tell you about what I did because it was the only thing that most-you ask the people in power what the GI's look forward to in coming back to the United States I'll tell you, I was a very militant GI in Vietnam.

I lived a whole lot of disturbances, racial disturbances, in my company in Vietnam. While in the band I was still very militant and there's a whole lot of things against me. Special services, they were very prejudiced. But I kept my side of the line. I still talked to the brothers and told the brothers who I was, black and a little on the good side. They said I was lucky to be singing in the band. I was lucky to be in the band-the rest was white.

The CHAIRMAN. The rest of the band was white?

Mr. WHITE. Yes. I had one black guitarist and one black organ player and all the rest were white. And they had gotten me in the band.

The CHAIRMAN. How long were you in this band in Saigon?

Mr. WHITE. About 5 or 6 months.

The CHAIRMAN. Where would you play?

Mr. WHITE. I would go to different embassies and entertain out in the fields, too. I went to helicopter duty so I

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