§ 248. The Supreme Court of the United States shall have jurisdiction to review, revise, reverse, modify, or affirm the final judgments and decrees of the Supreme Court of the Philippine Islands in all actions, cases, causes, and proceedings now pending therein or hereafter determined thereby, in which the Constitution, or any statute, treaty, title, right, or privilege of the United States is involved, or in causes in which the value in controversy exceeds twenty-five thousand dollars, or in which the title or possession of real estate exceeding in value the sum of twenty-five thousand dollars, to be ascertained by the oath of either party or of other competent witnesses, is involved or brought in question; and such final judgments or decrees may and can be reviewed, revised, modified, or affirmed by said supreme court on appeal or writ of error by the party aggrieved, within the same time, in the same manner, under the same regulations, and by the same procedure, as far as applicable, as the final judgments and decrees of the district courts of the United States. See Act of July 1, 1902, c. 1369, § 10, 32 Stat. L. 695, 5 Fed. St. Ann. 722. But see Act of Aug. 29, 1916, c. 416, § 27, and Act of Sept. 6, 1916, e. 448, § 5, 39 Stat. L. -. § 249. In all cases where the judgment or decree of any court of a territory might be reviewed by the supreme court on writ of error or appeal, such writ of error or appeal may be taken, within the time and in the manner provided by law, notwithstanding such territory has, after such judgment or decree, been admitted as a state; and the supreme court shall direct the mandate to such court as the nature of the writ of error or appeal requires. R. S. § 703, 4 Fed. St. Ann. 461. § 250. Any final judgment or decree of the Court of Appeals of the District of Columbia may be reëxamined and affirmed, reversed, or modified by the Supreme Court of the United States, upon writ of error or appeal, in the following cases: First. In cases in which the jurisdiction of the trial court is in issue; but when any such case is not otherwise reviewable in said supreme court, then the question of jurisdiction alone shall be certified to said supreme court for decision. Second. In prize cases. Third. In cases involving the construction or application of the Constitution of the United States, or the constitutionality of any law of the United States, or the validity or construction of any treaty made under its authority. Fourth. In cases in which the constitution, or any law of a state, is claimed to be in contravention of the Constitution of the United States. Fifth. In cases in which the validity of any authority exercised under the United States, or the existence or scope of any power or duty of an officer of the United States is drawn in question. Sixth. In cases in which the construction of any law of the United States is drawn in question by the defendant. Except as provided in the next succeeding section, the judgments and decrees of said court of appeals shall be final in all cases arising under the patent laws, the copyright laws, the revenue laws, the criminal laws, and in admiralty cases; and, except as provided in the next succeeding section, the judgments and decrees of said court of appeals shall be final in all cases not reviewable as hereinbefore provided. Writs of error and appeals shall be taken within the same time, in the same manner, and under the same regulations as writs of error and appeals are taken from the circuit courts of appeals to the Supreme Court of the United States. For former acts, see Act of March 3, 1885, c. 355, 23 Stat. L. 443, 4 Fed. St. Ann. 463; Act of Feb. 9, 1893, c. 74, 27 Stat. L. 436, 4 Fed. St. Ann. § 251. In any case in which the judgment or decree of said court of appeals is made final by the section last preceding, it shall be competent for the Supreme Court of the United States to require, by certiorari or otherwise, any such case to be certified to it for its review and determination, with the same power and authority in the case as if it had been carried by writ of error or appeal to said supreme court. It shall also be competent for said court of appeals, in any case in which its judgment or decree is made final under the section last preceding, at any time to certify to the Supreme Court of the United States any questions or propositions of law concerning which it desires the instruction of that court for their proper decision; and thereupon the supreme court may either give its instruction on the questions and propositions certified to it, which shall be binding upon said court of appeals in such case, or it may require that the whole record and cause be sent up to it for its consideration, and thereupon shall decide the whole matter in controversy in the same manner as if it had been brought there for review by writ of error or appeal. See Act of March 3, 1897, c. 390, 29 Stat. L. 692, 4 Fed. St. Ann. 466. § 252. The Supreme Court of the United States is hereby invested with appellate jurisdiction of controversies arising in bankruptcy proceedings, from the courts of bankruptcy, from which it has appellate jurisdiction in other cases; and shall exercise a like jurisdiction from courts of bankruptcy not within any organized circuit of the United States and from the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia. An appeal may be taken to the Supreme Court of the United States from any final decision of a court of appeals allowing or rejecting a claim under the laws relating to bankruptcy, under such rules and within such time as may be prescribed by said supreme court, in the following cases and no other: First. Where the amount in controversy exceeds the sum of two thousand dollars, and the question involved is one which might have been taken on appeal or writ of error from the highest court of a state to the Supreme Court of the United States; or Second. Where some justice of the supreme court shall certify that in his opinion the determination of the question involved in the allowance or rejection of such claim is essential to a uniform construction of the laws relating to bankruptcy throughout the United States. Controversies may be certified to the Supreme Court of the United States from other courts of the United States, and the former court may exercise jurisdiction thereof, and may issue writs of certiorari pursuant to the provisions of the United States laws now in force or such as may be hereafter enacted. See Act of July 1, 1898, c. 541, § 24, 30 Stat. L. 553, 1 Fed. St. Ann. 593. See also Act of January 28, 1915, c. 22 (38 Stat. L. 804). § 253. Cases on writ of error to revise the judgment of a state court in any criminal case shall have precedence on the docket of the supreme court, of all cases to which the Government of the United States is not a party, excepting only such cases as the court, in its discretion, may decide to be of public importance. R. S. § 710, 4 Fed. St. Ann. 490. § 254. There shall be taxed against the losing party in each and every cause pending in the supreme court the cost of printing the record in such case, except when the judgment is against the United States. This section is a portion of the same original statute as section 176, ante. § 255. Any woman who shall have been a member of the bar of the highest court of any state or territory, or of the Court of Appeals of the District of Columbia, for the space of three years, and shall have maintained a good standing before such court, and who shall be a person |