1

Casey, James: Private, Capt. Thomas Will's Company, Col. David Morgan's (Eleventh Virginia) Regiment, given "Eleventh and Fifteenth Regiment of foot in the service of the United States"; pay roll for October, 1778.

Casey, James: Matross. Capt. John Doughty's Company, Col. John Lamb's (Second Artillery) Regiment; muster rolls for February, April, 1781, dated West Point; enlistment, during war.

The above four Caseys are doubtless one and the same Casey.

Similarly the following are doubtless one Crowley and one Doyle, respectively.

VOLUME IV, 193

Crowley, Abraham: Mansfield. Private, Capt. John Allen's Company, Col.. Thomas Carpenter's Regiment; entered service July 27, 1780; discharged July 30, 1780. Service 6 days, travel included, at Rhode Island on an alarm; regiment detached from Bristol County Militia to serve for 6 days. Roll dated Norton, March 3, 1781.

Crowley, Abraham. Private, Lieut. Ephraim Grover's Company, Col. Isaac Dean's (Fourth Bristol County) Regiment; enlisted August 1, 1780; discharged August 7, 1780; service 9 days, on the alarm at Rhode Island of August 1, 1780. Roll sworn to at Attleborough.

Crowley, Abraham. Private, Capt. Alexander Foster's Company, Col. Isaac Dean's Regiment; march to Tiverton, R. I., August 4, 1780, on an alarm; discharged August 8, 1780; service 7 days, travel included. Roll sworn to at Attleborough.

Crowley, Abraham. Private, Capt. Josiah Keith's Company, Col. Isaac Dean's (Bristol County) Regiment; enlisted March 4, 1781; discharged March 16, 1781; service 13 days at Rhode Island.

VOLUME IV, 942

Doyle, William: Boston. Private, Captain Page's Company, Col. Benjamin Tupper's (Tenth) Regiment; Continental Army pay accounts for service from March 14, 1777, to December 31, 1779, residence, Boston; credited to town of Roxbury; reported transferred to invalid corps, October 5, 1777.

Doyle, William: Boston. Descriptive list of men; Capt. John Lillie's Company, Col. John Crane's (Third Artillery) Regiment; age 31 years; stature, 5 feet 6 inches; complexion, fair; residence, Boston; enlisted for town of Boston; rank, sergeant; enlisted in 1780 by Captain Lillie; enlistment during war; reported transferred to Springfield laboratory, July 8 (year not given).

Doyle, William: Marblehead. Descriptive list of men raised in Essex County for the term of 9 months from the time of their arrival al Fishkill, returned as mustered by Henry Rutgers, jr., deputy muster master, at Fishkill, August 1, 1778; residence, Marblehead; arrived at Fishkill June 29, 1778; reported rejected by muster master general as unfit for service.

Doyle, William. Private, Capt. Simson Brown's Company, Col. Jacob Gerrish's Regiment of Guards; service between April 2, 1778, and July 3, 1778; 2 months 25 days. Roll dated camp at Winter Hill.

Doyle, William. Descriptive list of men detached from the Boston regiment to serve in the Continental Army for the term of 9 months from time of arrival at place of rendezvous, returned as received of Maj. Stephen Badlam, at Anthony Burk, at Roxbury, June 3, 1779, to be delivered to Justin Ely, commissioner at Springfield, detached from Captain Newell's Company, age 24 years; stature, 5 feet 4 inches; complexion, fair and pitted; hair short and red; eyes, blue; engaged for town of Boston; reported delivered to Captain Marshall; also descriptive list of men returned as received of Maj. Stephen Badlam, superintendent for Suffolk County, by Justin Ely (commissioner) at Springfield, July 9, 1779; reported discharged by order of Doctor Pynchon, being ruptured.

VOLUME XIII, 715

Ryan, John, Boston. List of men raised to serve in the Continental Army from Capt. Nathan Alden's (Ninth) Company, Colonel Mitchell's Regiment engaged from town of Bridgewater; joined Captain Allen's Company; Colonel Bailey's Regiment, term three years or during war; reported as belonging to Nova Scotia; also, private (late) Capt. Jacob Allen's Company, Col. John Bailey's (Second) Regiment; company return dated Camp Valley Forge, January 24,

1778; enlisted May 15, 1777; reported a transient; also reported deserted June 7, 1777; also, list of deserters from Colonel Bailey's (Second) Regiment subsequent to January 1, 1777; as returned by Ezra Badlam, lieutenant colonel commandant; residence Boston, enlistment, three years; deserted June 7, 1777. Ryan, John, Boston. List of men raised to serve in the Continental Army (year not given); residence, Boston; engaged for town of Malden.

Ryan, John, Marblehead. Sergeant, Capt. Micajal Gleason's Company, Col. John Nixon's (Fifth) Regiment; muster roll dated August 1, 1775; engaged April 23, 1775; service three months, 16 days; also private; company return dated September 30, 1775; reported as having gone to Quebec; also, order for bounty coat or its equivalent in money dated December 22, 1775.

Ryan, John, Marblehead. Capt. Samuel Page's Company, Col. Ebenezer Francis's Regiment subsistence allowed from date of enlistment, March 13, 1777, to date of marching to Bennington, April 8, 1777; credited with 39 days subsistence, including allowance for 240 miles travel on March to Bennington; also, private, Capt. Samuel Page's Company, Col. Benjamin Tupper's Regiment; return date January 25, 1778; residence, Marblehead; enlisted for town of Marblehead; mustered by Esquire Cushing, county muster master; reported deserted.

Ryan, John, private, Capt. Caleb Turner's Company; entered service March 26, 1776; service to September 10, 1776, five months 15 days in defense of sea coast; rolls dated Bristol; also, same company service from Sepetmber 10, 1776, to December 7, 1776, two months 27 days, company stationed at Boothbay.

Ryan, John. List of men mustered by Nathaniel Barber, muster master for Suffolk County, dated Boston, March 2, 1777; Captain Child's Company, Colonel Wesson's Regiment.

Ryan, John. Return of men raised to serve in the Continental Army from Capt. Oliver Clap's Company, Col. Benjamin Haw's (Fourth Suffolk County) Regiment; dated Walpole, February 17, 1778; engaged for town of Walpole, joined Captain Wyley's Company, Colonel Jackson's Regiment (also given Captain Westen's Company, Colonel Greaton's Regiment); term, three years. Ryan, John. List of men raised to serve in the Continental Army (year not given); engaged for town of Waltham.

The above eight names probably represent at most only three Ryans; and the four Sullivans below listed, only one.

VOLUME XV, 246-247

Sullivan, James, Boston. Matross, Capt. Joseph Balch's (Third) Company, Col. Thomas Craft's (Artillery) Regiment; enlisted May 17, 1776; four days preceding March; service to November 1, 1776, five months 20 days.

Sullivan, James, Framingham. List of deserters from Thirteenth Massachusetts Regiment. Commanded by Lieut. Col. Calvin Smith, indorsed "July 13, 1780"; Major's Company; rank, private; birthplace, Framingham; deserted April 1, 1778.

Sullivan, James. Private, Capt. Samuel Flower's Company, Col. John Greaton's (Second) Regiment; muster roll for January-August, 1777, dated Van Schaick's Island and sworn to in camp at or near Stillwater; enlisted January 2, 1777; enlistment, during war; reported deserted January 3, 1777.

Sullivan, James. List of men raised by the town of Newburg to serve in the Continental Army, agreeable to reserve of April 20, 1778.

A listing of the records of the names Ryan an dSullivan showing at least 31 duplications of the former, and 22 duplications of the latter name would alone require a very large number of pages.

But Massachusetts is not alone in findnig it impossible to identify separate records as referring to the same individual as shown by the introductory note to Pennsylvania in the Revolution, 1775-1783; volume 1:

* It is difficult to distinguish between those (records) of the line, the association, rangers, or militia and many of them, no doubt, appear in the rolls already published; yet it has been deemed proper to print this list as it is.

At a time when warfare was simple, as compared to its present complications, any able-bodied man who owned a musket could be enrolled in the local militia. Enlistments for a temporary emergency-e. g., an "alarm " often lasted for a few days only until another emergency resulted in another enlistment. Misspelling of names by recruiting officers, when there was no systematic keeping of records, adds to the confusion.

Discipline in any real sense was practically nonexistent. Technical desertion from the service merely and not to the enemy was not considered a grave offense, and was going on all the time. Most of those who so deserted from one company later enlisted in the militia of nearby townships, and would later desert again and then reenlist, how many under different names it is impossible to say.

The Revolutionary War muster rolls present, therefore, insurmountable difficulties, as far as their use is concerned, as a premise for basing any conclusion such as that drawn by Mr. O'Brien.

This memorandum does not take up Mr. O'Brien's work in its other phases, but in so far as A Hidden Phase of American History attempts by use of the Revolutionary War muster rolls to prove its point regarding the number of Irish in this country at that time and in 1790 it is ineffectual.

Mr. TREVOR. This referred, Senator, to the statistics which were before Congress when the 1924 act was in preparation, and it also refers to the fact that I am supposed to be a person who turned in a lot of stuff to the notorious Lusk Committee.

The fact of the matter is, Mr. Chairman, that I was appointed special deputy to the attorney general of the State of New York. and that I was requested by Senator Lusk to secure my discharge from the Army as early as possible in order to assist the joint legislative committee of the State of New York to organize a bureau to investigate radical and subversive movements within the State, which subsequently conducted an investigation of the radical situation in our State. I resigned that position after getting the work organized, and the committee subsequently published some voluminous documents, in which the Senator can find my name.

Senator REED. You are the John B. Trevor who supplied statistics which were used by the Senate and House in 1924 when the national origins was adopted, were you not?

Mr. TREVOR. Yes, sir; unquestionably so. I gave them to Senator Lodge and to you after the introduction of your resolution in the Senate.

Senator REED. I notice that the article states that the statistics for this system are being supplied by John B. Trevor, referred to above, so that evidently the article means you?

Mr. TREVOR. Without a question.

Senator REED. It also states here immediately after the reference to you that Secretary Davis is also of British birth, implying that you are, and that you say is untrue?

Mr. TREVOR. Absolutely untrue and demonstrably untrue.

STATEMENT OF MRS. SHERMAN WALKER, VICE PRESIDENT GENERAL DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION; ALSO CHAIRMAN NATIONAL DEFENSE COMMITTEE OF THE NATIONAL SOCIETY, WASHINGTON, D. C.

Mrs. WALKER. My name is Mrs. William Sherman Walker; vice president general of the Daughters of the American Revolution; also chairman of the national-defense committee, representing an organization of 167,000 active members, comprising over 2,300 chapters in every section of the United States.

Mr. Chairman and members of the Senate Immigration Committee, I want to express the opposition of my organization to the Nye resolution, Senate 192. Our society has, in the course of its work for national defense against enemies from within as well as without this country, given a great deal of thought to the question of immigration restriction. And I am requested to speak also at this point in behalf of the national chairman of legislation for our society, who is in the room-Mrs. Edwin Gregory, daughter of Senator Overman. She has worked valiantly for the national-origins provision and through her efforts to disseminate accurate information has been very effective and valuable.

Place in any show window an opal mounted in permanent setting and it attracts very little attention. Put a floating opal in the same window and it draws a crowd.

The opal in permanent setting may have all the characteristics of a precious gem―size, brilliancy, genuine inherent value-and yet it is unnoticed. In contrast examine the floating opal and you will find only tiny particles of the real gem, but these keep in constant motion by floating about in glycerine.

Native-born Americans, like the mounted opal, have permanent setting, but they create little stir in the consideration of a question like the one before us for a hearing to-day. But let the people, who at best represent only small fractions of genuine Americanism, float about in the glycerine of internationalism, and they get immediate public notice.

In the future who will guard the American principles as set forth in the Declaration of Independence? Will they be cherished by the foreign-born as they have been by native born?

The Constitution of the United States was framed by an assembly of scholarly, conscientious patriots who had equipped themselves for their responsibilities by examining the principles of governments of ancient times. They were also accurately familiar with the objectives of all contemporary governments. Through generations this Constitution has provided liberty and security for the people of this country.

The CHAIRMAN. Pardon me a moment. I observe you are reading your address. Would it do as well to insert it in the record, and it would be an accommodation to the committee because of the limitations upon our time?

Mrs. WALKER. I have some exhibits to introduce which are not in the manuscript.

The CHAIRMAN. You may introduce them as well.

Mrs. WALKER. It will only take about five minutes. It is not as long as it looks, Mr. Chairman.

The CHAIRMAN. Very well.

Mrs. WALKER. Who will guard its precepts in the generations to come?

The Pilgrim fathers and mothers, immediately after their coming, set up homes and founded churches. From decade to decade their descendants pushed farther westward over unblazed trails, at first home seekers. Storms, mountains, swollen rivers, icy blasts, deserts, untracked forests, had no terrors for those who had the love of America in their hearts. From such patriotic ancestors we are de

35885-29-9

scended. From such founders and patriots we have inherited a system of government, deserving perpetuation through time.

May I call the attention of this committee to resolutions which have been passed by the legislative body of the National Society, of the Daughters of the American Revolution, namely, Continental Congress. At each annual congress of this society delegates assemble from every State in the Union representing, as far as it is possible for them to do so, an index of the feeling of the chapter members in every community. Such delegates are authorized by their chapters to vote the expression of their local communities. In this way Continental Congress registers a national thought in somewhat the same manner as the selected representatives of the people in Congress do in representing their constituencies.

I should like to bring to your attention here the fact that since 1923 we have been on record in very strong language for restricted immigration and more lately, 1927-28, for the national-origins provisions.

The D. A. R. has existed for nearly four decades without changing its name or moving its headquarters from place to place. Its members must qualify as descendants from patriots who defended the country during the Revolutionary War. They not only have a visible interest in preserving American institutions, but they want the people of this country to remain American in character and action.

May I briefly state a few reason why members of the D. A. R. as individuals uphold the national-origins plan and desire to have it put into effect as soon as possible?

We regard delay as unnecessary, because we feel that criticism of national origins is not well founded. To judge whether or not national-origins figures are accurate within the requirement of the law, one must qualify as an expert in statistics, and in this realm we have supreme confidence in Doctor Hill, who, in his testimonies before House and Senate Immigration Committees, has convinced us that national origins is by far the most fair of any method suggested for the division of quotas. As it is, the 1924 law is now being obstructed-nullified. As loyal and ardent restrictionists that state of affairs is not satisfactory to us.

Senator COPELAND. Pardon me. What was the statement about the law being nullified?

Mrs. WALKER. As it is now, the 1924 law is now being obstructed— nullified.

Senator COPELAND. The present law?

Mrs. WALKER. The present law is not in effect, because it has been postponed, and therefore it is nullified.

Senator COPELAND. I did not understand that.

Mrs. WALKER. Another postponement will leave the whole question open. We would like to see it settled the way Congress obviously intended when it passed the 1924 act, including the nationalorigins provisions, by such an overwhelming majority.

The temporary 1890 "foreign-born" basis (or any foreign-born basis) harshly discriminates against the native-born decendants of those distinguished patriots which it is the function of our society to commemorate. We do not regard such an arrangement as equitable in theory nor for the interest of the country in practice. Un