nio. Laws, statutes, te THE ELECTION LAWS OF THE STATE OF OHIO AND OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA SO FAR AS THEY RELATE TO THE CONDUCT OF CALIFORNIA COMPILED BY THE SECRETARY OF STATE ANNOTATED 10 COLUMBUS, OHIO: F. J. HEER, STATE PRINTER, Election Laws of the United States. CITIZENSHIP. Who are cit SECTION 1992. All persons born in the United States and not subject to any foreign power, excluding Indians not izens. taxed, are declared to be citizens of the United States. SEC. 1993. All children heretofore born or hereafter born out of the limits and jurisdiction of the United States, whose fathers were or may be at the time of their birth citizens thereof, are declared to be citizens of the United States; but the rights of citizenship shall not descend to children whose fathers never resided in the United States. SEC. 1994. Any woman who is now or may hereafter be married to a citizen of the United States, and who might herself be lawfully naturalized, shall be deemed a citizen. Children of citizens born abroad. Married women. SEC. 1995. All persons born in the district of country Persons born formerly known as the territory of Oregon, and subject to in Oregon. the jurisdiction of the United States on the 18th [of] May, 1872, are citizens in the same manner as if born elsewhere in the United States. SEC. 1996. All persons who deserted the military or Forfeiture of naval service of the United States, and did not return there- citizenship. to or report themselves to a provost marshal within sixty days after the issuance of the proclamation by the President, dated the 11th day of March, 1865, are deemed to have voluntarily relinquished and forfeited their rights of citizenship, as well as their right to become citizens; and such deserters shall be forever incapable of holding any office of trust or profit under the United States, or of exercising any rights of citizens thereof. SEC. 1997. No soldier or sailor, however, who faithfully served according to his enlistment until the 19th day of April, 1865, and who, without proper authority or leave first obtained quit his command or refused to serve after that date, shall be held to be a deserter from the army or navy; but this section shall be construed solely as a removal of any disability such soldier or sailor may have incurred, under the preceding section, by the loss of citizenship and of the right to hold office in consequence of his desertion. 3 257158 Avoiding the draft. Right of expatriation declared. Protection of naturalized citizens in foreign states. Interference by army or naval officers. Race, color or previous condition not to affect the right to vote. Aliens, how naturalized. SEC. 1998. Every person who hereafter deserts the military or naval service of the United States, or who, being duly enrolled departs the jurisdiction of the district in which he is enrolled, or goes beyond the limits of the United States with intent to avoid any draft into the military or naval service, lawfully ordered, shall be liable to all the penalties and forfeitures of section nineteen hundred and ninetysix. SEC. 1999. Whereas, the right of expatriation is a natural and inherent right of all people, indispensable to the enjoyment of the rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; and, whereas, in the recognition of this principle this government has freely received emigrants from all nations, and invested them with the rights of citizenship; and whereas it is claimed that such American citizens, with their descendants, are subjects of forei 'n states, owing alle giance to the governments thereof; and whereas, it is necessary to the maintenance of public peace that this claim of foreign allegiance should be promptly and finally disavowed; therefore, any declaration, instruction, opinion, order, or decision of any officer of the United States which denies, restricts, impairs, or questions the right of expatriation, is declared inconsistent with the fundamental principles of the republic. SEC. 2000. All naturalized citizens of the United States, while in foreign countries, are entitled to and shall receive from this government the same protection of persons and property which is accorded to native born citizens. THE ELECTIVE FRANCHISE. SEC. 2003. No officer of the army or navy of the United States shall prescribe or fix, or attempt to prescribe or fix, by proclamation, order, or otherwise, the qualifications of voters in any state, or in any manner interfere with the freedom of any election in any state, or with the exercise of the free right of suffrage in any state. SEC. 2004. All citizens of the United States who are otherwise qualified by law to vote at any election by the people in any state, territory, district, county, city, parish, township, school district, municipality, or other territorial subdivision, shall be entitled and allowed to vote at all such elections, without distinction of race, color, or previous condition of servitude; any constitution, law, custom, usage, or regulation of any state or territory, or by or under its authority, to the contrary notwithstanding. NATURALIZATION. SEC. 2165. An alien may be admitted to become a citizen of the United States in the following manner, and not otherwise: intention, First. He shall declare on oath, before a circuit or dis- Declaration of trict court of the United States, or a district or supreme court of the territories, or a court of record of any of the states having common law jurisdiction, and a seal and clerk, two years, at least, prior to his admission, that it is bona fide his intention to become a citizen of the United States, and to renounce forever all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty, and, particularly, by name, to the prince, potentate, state, or sovereighty of which the alien may be at the time a citizen or subject. Second. He shall, at the time of his application to be admitted, declare, on oath, before some one of the courts above specified, that he will support the constitution of the United States, and that he absolutely and entirely renounces and abjures all allegiance and fidelity to every foreign prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty; and, particularly, by name, to the prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty of which he was before a citizen or subject; which proceedings shall be recorded by the clerk of the court. Third. It shall be made to appear to the satisfaction of the court admitting such alien that he has resided within the United States five years at least, and within the state or territory where such court is at the time held, one year at least; and that during that time he has behaved as a man of good moral character, attached to the principles of the constitution of the United States, and well disposed to the good order and happiness of the same; but the oath of the applicant shall in no case be allowed to prove his residence. Oath to support the con United States. stitution of the Residence in United States, good moral or states, and character. renounced. Fourth. In case the alien applying to be admitted to Titles of nocitizenship has borne any hereditary title, or been of any of bitinced. the orders of nobility in the kingdom or state from which he came, he shall, in addition to the above requisites, make an express renunciation of his title or order of nobility in the court to which his application is made, and his renunciation shall be recorded in the court. Fifth. Any alien who was residing within the limits and under the jurisdiction of the United States before the twenty-ninth day of January, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-five, may be admitted to become a citizen, on due proof made to some one of the courts above specified, that he has resided two years, at least, within the jurisdiction of the United States, and one year, at least, immediately preceding his application, within the state or territory where such court is at the time held; and on his declaring on oath that he will support the constitution of the United States, and that he absolutely and entirely renounces and abjures all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty, and, particularly, by name, to the prince, potentate, state, or sovereignty whereof he was before a citizen or subject; and, also on its appearing to the Persons resid ing in the before January 29, 1795. United States |