TANZANIA

Document VIII-22

Statement Read to Correspondents by the Director of the Office of News (McCloskey), Department of State, January 30, 19651

Recall of the United States Ambassador to Tanzania for Consultation

On January 15 the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania declared two United States diplomatic officers personae non gratae on the ground that they had engaged in subversive activities and asked them to leave Tanzania within 24 hours.2

The United States Government, which desires continuing friendly relations with the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania, instituted a thorough inquiry into the facts and found no basis whatever for the allegation. The United States Government presented the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania with the results of its investigation, including relevant documentation. The United States Government advised the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania that, on the basis of all the information available to it, the allegation concerning the two diplomatic officers was entirely unsubstantiated. The United States Government asked the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania to provide any evidence to support

1 Department of State Bulletin, Feb. 22, 1965, p. 244.

2 These officers were the Counselor of the American Embassy in Dar-es-Salaam, Robert Gordon, and the U.S. Consul-General in Zanzibar, Frank Carlucci. On Feb. 14 the United States, taking retaliatory action, informed the United Reublic of Tanzania that it was requesting the Counselor of the Tanzanian Embassy in Washington to leave the country (see ibid., Mar. 22, 1965, pp. 432-433).

As the Government of Uganda is aware, the United States Government, as a member of the United Nations and a friend of Uganda, is just as concerned with the security of Uganda's borders and Uganda's sovereignty as it is for the security and unity of all African countries.

The United States Government has advised the Government of Uganda to express to the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo in Léopoldville the Government of Uganda's concern regarding the report that a town or towns on the Uganda side of the Uganda-Congo border were attacked by individual aircraft. The United States Government believes the Government of Uganda should urge the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo to ascertain if any of its military aircraft were operating in the area at the time specified and did in fact overfly Uganda territory. If full investigation of the facts bears out the Government of Uganda allegations, the United States Government would be prepared to support a Ugandan protest to the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

The Government of Uganda has also been informed that neither the United States Government nor individual Americans operate combat aircraft in the Congo, and that United States-manufactured airplanes provided to the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo are not under the operational control of the United States Government.

The United States Government has expressed to the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo its concern that the latter's forces take every precaution to ensure respect for the borders of neighboring countries.

The United States Government has reaffirmed to the Government of Uganda its support of the United Nations Security Council resolution of December 30, 1964 and would welcome efforts of the Organization of African Unity to achieve early solution of the Congolese problem within the context of that resolution and the charter of the Organization of African Unity.

ZAMBIA

[See post, doc. VIII-50.]

At his news conference of Feb. 25, Secretary Rusk stated:

"There is some indication that a Congolese plane did, through error, get across the border a very short distance into Uganda. There is also evidence that Ugandan military personnel have temporarily moved into the Congo before being withdrawn back to Uganda. We hope very much that these two Governments will be in touch with each other and work out arrangements for insuring that that border is not abused there on either side (Department of State Bulletin, Mar. 15, 1965, pp. 369-370.) Text in American Foreign Policy: Current Documents, 1964, pp. 786-787.

South-West Africa

APARTHEID IN SOUTH AFRICA

Document VIII-24

Note From the U.S. Representative (Stevenson) to the U.N. SecretaryGeneral (Thant), June 25, 19651

United States Contribution to the United Nations Training Program for South Africans

The Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations presents his compliments to the Secretary General of the United Nations and has the honor to refer to Security Council Resolution S/5773 of June 18, 1964.2 Operative paragraph 11 of that resolution invited the Secretary General "in consultation with appropriate United Nations specialized agencies to establish an educational and training program for the purpose of arranging for education and training abroad for South Africans." Pursuant to that resolution, the Secretary General on April 2, 1965 informally submitted proposals for the program of fellowships and grants for South Africans and requested contributions to it. These grants and fellowships would be in such fields as teacher-training, medicine, engineering, geology, agronomy, business and industrial management, and constitutional law and would utilize in part universities and voluntary agencies which have already provided a substantial number of scholarships to nonwhites from South Africa.

1 Department of State Bulletin, Aug. 2, 1965, pp. 120–121.

2 Text in American Foreign Policy: Current Documents, 1964, pp. 802-804.

The Representative of the United States recalls that at the time Security Council Resolution S/5773 was adopted he stated in the Council that the United States was prepared to examine opportunities to contribute to such a program both financially and in terms of scholarships and other facilities at American educational institutions.3 The United States Government firmly believes that no people can grow and develop without advantages of higher education now denied so many South Africans. The United States, through both private and public resources, has already contributed to the education of young South Africans. Accordingly, the United States Government is now prepared to pledge to the Secretary General's program $75,000 for assistance to qualified South Africans with the proviso that the United States contribution not exceed 40 per cent of total contributions.

In connection with the use of funds, the United States Government suggests consideration be given to placement of candidates at the University of Bechuanaland, Basutoland, and Swaziland. The United States Government is also certain that educational institutions in the United States which have had experience with administration of African education programs stand ready to consider placement of qualified South African students. The United States will, for its part, be pleased to cooperate with the United Nations Secretariat regarding placement of students in the United States and is prepared to discuss individual needs and requirements.

3 See ibid., p. 801.

the economic, political and military fields, and their opposition to economic sanctions against South Africa, are encouraging the South African Government to continue its dangerous policy,

Convinced that effective and prompt international action is imperative in order to resolve the situation in South Africa in accordance with the purposes and principles of the United Nations and the Organization of African Unity and to avert the grave danger of violent conflict, which is bound to have world-wide repercussions,

1. Reaffirms the decisions taken by the Organization of African Unity on the question of apartheid and racial discrimination;

2. Approves the recommendations of the United Nations Special Committee on the policies of apartheid of the Government of the Republic of South Africa and invites the Security Council and the General Assembly of the United Nations to adopt these recommendations;"

3. Expresses its appreciation to the Ministers for Foreign Affairs of Liberia, Madagascar, Sierra Leone and Tunisia;

4. Urgently calls on all States to institute a strict embargo on the supply of arms, ammunition and other material for use by military and police forces in South Africa; in particular, calls on the French Government to abide by the resolutions of the United Nations Security Council and forthwith cease supply of military equipment to South Africa, and calls on other States that have announced arms embargoes to implement them strictly

See ibid., 1963, p. 681, footnote 2, p. 683, footnote 5, p. 693, footnote 29; ibid., 1964, pp. 809-811. The Special Committee issued reports on June 16 and Aug. 10, 1965 (U.N. docs. A/5932 and 5957).

South

In its June 16 report, "The Special Committee recommended that the Security Council and the General Assembly urge the major trading partners of Africa, in particular those which were permanent members of the Security Council, to cease immediately all relations which encouraged the South African Government to persist in its disastrous racial policies, and join in measures, under the auspices of the United Nations, to secure an end to the policies of apartheid and to promote progress toward a non-racial society which would guarantee human rights to all the people of the country, irrespective of race, colour, or creed." (Yearbook of the United Nations, 1965, p. 104.)

without exceptions or restrictive interpretations;

5. Launches a special appeal to the major trade partners of the Republic of South Africa-particularly the United Kingdom, the United States, Japan, the Federal Republic of Germany, Italy and France-to discontinue their growing economic collaboration with the South African Government, since such collaboration encourages it to defy world opinion and to accelerate the implementation of the policy of apartheid;

6. Calls on the Security Council and the General Assembly of the United Nations to recognize the present situation in South Africa as a serious threat to international peace and security, to institute effective economic sanctions against South Africa and to assist the victims of apartheid and repression;

7. Decides to take steps to promote the election to the Security Council Members of the United Nations that support effective action on this problem;

8. Calls on the Specialized Agencies of the United Nations and other international organizations to take energetic measures, within their respective fields of competence, to compel South Africa to abandon its policies of apartheid;

9. Instructs the Administrative Secretary-General:

(a) To review the implementation of economic sanctions against South Africa by Member States of the Organization of African Unity and other States;

(b) To make recommendations on the implementation of all relevant resolutions of the Organization of African Unity and in particular resolutions AHG/Res.5 (I) and AHG/ Res.6(I), by the Member States of the Organization of African Unity;"

(c) To recommend measures to persuade other States to cease collaboration with the Government of the Republic of South Africa;

10. Invites the South African liberation movements to concert their

See footnote 6, above.

policies and actions and intensify the struggle for full equality, and appeals to all States to lend moral and material assistance to the liberation movements in their struggle;

11. Requests the African Group at the United Nations to take appropriate steps to secure effective action by United Nations organs in the light of the present resolution;

12. Requests the Ministers for Foreign Affairs of Liberia, Madagascar, Sierra Leone and Tunisia to continue their efforts on the Security Council in implementation of their terms of reference.

Document VIII-26

Statement Made by the U.S. Representative (O'Hara) in the Special Political Committee of the U.N. General Assembly, December 2, 1965 (Excerpts)

United States Views on South Africa's Apartheid Policies

I wish to take this occasion to review in equal detail the oftenexpressed views of my Government on the racial policies of South Africa, to review the current status of efforts by the community of nations to persuade South Africa to change its inhumane policies and, finally, to review the efforts of the United States in concert with the United Nations and unilaterally to persuade the South African Government to change its disastrous course and to insure that the Government of South Africa is under no illusions that it will receive aid or comfort from the United States in pursuit of apartheid.

We do not pretend to have achieved our goal of ridding the fabric of our own society of discrimination. We are, however, determined to pursue that goal actively, and have taken steps to equip our laws with effective machinery to re

U.S.-U.N. Press Release 4735.