Not Jor-dan's stream, nor death's cold flood,
Should fright us from the shore."

"I heard many angels round about the throne, saying with a loud voice, wor-thy is the Lamb that was slain."

"Be-hold! I show you a mystery: We shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump; for the trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall be raised in-corruptible, and we shall be changed."

"And I saw the dead, small and great, stand before God; and the books were opened, and an-oth-er book was opened, which is the book of Life; and the dead were judged out of those things which were written in the books, according to their works."

"And then shall appear the sign of the Son of man in heaven, and then shall all the tribes of the earth mourn, and they shall see the Son of man, coming in the clouds of heaven, with power and great glory."

Thy

"Our Father, who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name. kingdom come. Thy will be done on earth, as it is in heaven. Give us, this day, our daily bread; and forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation; but deliver us from e-vil: For thine is the king-dom, and the power, and the glory, for ever and ever. Amen."

"Scaling yonder peak,

I saw an eagle wheeling near its brow;
O'er the abyss, his broad ex-pan-ded wings
Lay calm and mo-tionless upon the air,
As if he floated there with-out their aid,
By the sole act of his unlorded will,
That buoy'd him proudly up. Instinctively
I bent my bow, yet kept he rounding still
His airy circle, as in the de-light

Of measuring the ample range beneath,

And round about; ab-sorb-'d, he heeded not

The death that threatened him. I could not shoot.

'Twas lib-erty. I turned my bow aside,

And let him soar away."

Some of the sub-vocal elements, in certain combinations, ad

mit of quantity; the aspirates, seldom. Quantity upon the subvocals and aspirates, is inadmissible at the beginning of sylla bles. In reading or reciting sublime pieces, or solemn passages of Scripture, care must be taken not to give quantity to every syllable, nor the same long quantity to every word. Words require a greater or less degree of quantity, according to their real or comparative importance. To avoid monotony, and that disagreeable tone which consists in a recurrent melody, the voice must not be permitted to rest, for many moments, on the same pitch. It must be constantly undergoing such changes as sentiment demands, in the rising, falling, and circumflex inflections.

Quantity cannot be given, without considerable compass of voice. The term, in its most extended sense, implies volume or fulness of sound. In elocution, as in music, a sound may be either loud or soft on the same note. Speakers and readers who wish to excite the admiration of their hearers, would do well to increase their compass of voice, instead of raising their key. Quantity, in its perfection,

"Comes o'er the ear, like the sweet south, Which breathes upon a bank of violets, Stealing and giving odor."

The other elements of expression, are pitch, force, and quality, or kind of voice; each of which, is of consequence, because every syllable must be sounded, either on a higher or lower key; it must have more or less force, and have some one quality of voice, as well as consume more or less time in its utterance. It is, however, deemed unnecessary to bestow special attention upon any of the elements of expression, in this work, except quantity.

It is believed that teachers who introduce this book into their schools, academies, or colleges; and gentlemen who may peruse it, will exercise good taste enough to pitch the voice, and give it that quality and degree of force which circumstances, sentiments, or pieces may require.

The different combinations of the four elements, which are here mentioned, and the most important of which, it need not be repeated, is quantity, produce all the varieties of expression, of which the voice is capable.

Emphasis, the laws of which should not be, by any means, disregarded, is produced by combining force and pitch. It

consists in elevating the voice, and giving it a forcible stress upon words or syllables. To prevent emphasis from being confounded with quantity, as well as with a view to elucidate its meaning, it will be illustrated in the next article.

ON EMPHASIS.

By emphasis, is meant a particular and forcible utterance of significant words, so as to convey their meaning in the most lively and striking manner. It consists chiefly in the loudness of the note in which they are uttered. It imparts brilliancy to composition. It requires that words which are the most important in sense, be made the most prominent to the ear of the hearer. Words that stand for new ideas should be emphasised.

No precise rules can properly be laid down to regulate the application of emphasis. In order that it may be correctly used, the exact import of what is read, must be understood. To avoid that jerking emphasis which is sometimes witnessed on the part of readers and speakers, let them employ a portion of quantity. Emphasis and quantity, judiciously combined, constitute the very soul of delivery. A caution, however, must be given against uniting them too frequently. Emphasis itself, is inseparably associated with sentiment and emotion. Thoughts, to which it is given, should beam from the eye, and play upon the countenance, before they are uttered. A speaker or reader should be enamoured with his subject. It should fill his heart. Then will emphatic stress be spontaneous, natural, and deeply impressive."

Cicero says, that "every emotion of the mind has naturally its peculiar countenance, voice, and gesture, which, like the strings of a musical instrument, act agreeably to the impressions they receive from the mind." The place and amount of emphasis, must be determined by the sense of the passage, and by the exercise of good taste and enlightened reason. emphatic word is generally, but not always, used antithetically, with some other word or phrase.

An

To assist the student in reading and oratory, a few examples will now be given, in which the italicised words should be made emphatic. Let it not be supposed that the same quantity of emphasis is due to each word thus marked. As Dr Gregory, in his treatise on the composition and delivery of

a sermon, observes: "That emphasis is best, which is most discriminative." It will be perceived from the following specimens, that emphatic stress is sometimes absolute.

“I warn you, do not day your hands on the constitution."

"Why will ye die?"

"Has the gentleman done, has he completely done?"

"Shall we try argument? Sir, we have been trying that, for the last ten years."

"We must fight."

"Conquest awaits you."

"To arms! to arms!"

"Who dares to tremble, by this weapon, dies."

' UP! comrades, UP!"

"Haste! pass the seas. Fly hence! Begone!" "Soldiers! stand firm."

"On! on! ye brave. Rise! fellow-men !"

"Back, to the infernal pit, I drag thee chained."

"WHENCE and what art thou, execrable shape?" "Angels and ministers of grace, defend us."

EMPHATIC STRESS BY CONTRAST, OR ANTITHETIC EMPHASIS.

"Virtue, not rolling suns, the mind matures."

"The man of wisdom, is the man of years."

"But own man born to live, as well as die."
#Virtue alone outbuilds the pyramids;
Her monuments shall last, when Egypt's fall."

"High worth is elevated place."

"Short pleasures for long woes are to succeed."

"Kind souls, what! weep you, when you but behold Our Cæsar's vesture wounded? Look you here! Here is HIMSELF."

"And wisdom at one entrance, quite shut out."

"At thirty, man suspects himself a fool."

"Thou sun! of this world both eye and soul, Acknowledge Him thy greater."

"A day, an hour of virtuous liberty, is worth a whole eter nity of bondage."

"Oh! swear not by the moon, the inconstant moon."

"O, Death, the good man's dearest friend."

"The rich man had exceeding many flocks and herds."

"And Nathan said to David, thou art the man."

"Then said the chief priests of the Jews, to Pilate: Write not, the king of the Jews; but that he said, I am king of the Jews."

"Henceforth, there is laid up for me a crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the righteous Judge, shall give me at that day; and not to me only, but unto all them also that love his appearing."

"And Paul said: I would to God, that not only thou, but also all that hear me this day, were both almost and ALTOGETHER such as I am, except these bonds."

"And it was the sabbath day when Jesus made the clay and opened his eyes."

"But the Jews did not believe concerning him, that he had been blind and received his sight, until they called the parents of him that had received his sight."