The Medical Profession, too, has worked nobly in this cause: about five thousand have signed documents for publication, setting forth the evils of using intoxicating drinks. In the city of Boston, out of eighty physicians, seventy-five have publicly testified that intoxicating liquors are poisons.

But Religion was the great element of power and success in the Temperance movement. This cause was the child of prayer, the offspring of love. God's spirit alone can give permanency and life to any scheme of philanthropy. God, and God alone, -the Almighty-he who overturneth the mountains and controls all the elements of nature, and binds the spirit-can destroy the terrible evil against which we are arrayed.—God smiled upon the temperance enterprise, and afforded his aid, and it went forward, achieving fresh and glorious victories. This was the secret of success; and on the Almighty arm is our hope for the ultimate and complete emancipation of our country and the world from Intemperance.

CHAPTER XIII.

Sons of Temperance.

ORIGIN AND HISTORY OF THE ORDER.

THE next great change in the Temperance reform, was the combination of the Sons of Temperance. The friends of the Order believe that union, cooperation, and mutual countenance, tend to strength and efficiency in a good cause. To shield each other from the evils of intemperance-to afford mutual assistance in case of sickness-and to improve their characters as men, are among the laudable objects of the Order.

The Messrs. J.W. & I. J. Oliver, printers, in the city of New York, together with a few other active temperance men originated this movement. A printed circular was issued, inviting a number of persons to meet on Thursday, Sept. 29, 1842, at Teetotaler's Hall, to form a Division of the Sons of Temperance in New York. Sixteen persons met, pursuant to the call, and there organized New York Division, No. 1, of the Sons of Temperance. A constitution was presented and adopted, which is substantially the same that now governs subordinate divisions. At the next meeting, held on the 30th of September, a code of by-laws was adopted. A third meeting was held Oct. 7th, 1842, when the officers elect were duly

installed. At subsequent meetings, a form of initiation was adopted, and also distinguishing badges of membership and office.

On the 28 of Oct. 1842, the regalia now worn by the Subordinate Divisions was adopted.

On the 2d of Dec. 1842, the following Address, designed to set forth the objects and advantages of the Order, was adopted and ordered to be published in the New York Organ-from which it was copied into most of the temperance papers in the United States.

ADDRESS.

THE Grand Division of the Sons of Temperance, of the State of New York, would respectfully address you on the subject of the formation and design of their Order.

Believing the use of alcoholic liquids, as a beverage, to be the prolific source (directly or indirectly) of nearly all the ills that afflict the human family,therefore, the first object of our institution is to check their blighting influence upon our fellow men, and disseminate by every laudable effort the blessings of Total Abstinence throughout our common country.

The Order of the Sons of Temperance, however, has three distinct objects in view, which are as declared in the Preamble of our Constitution-To shield us from the evils of Intemperance; afford mutual assistance in case of sickness; and elevate our characters as men.'

The first is effectual through the instrumentality of the total abstinence pledge.

The second, by the payment of a stated sum as an initiation fee, and a weekly due sufficient to enable us to pay a sick brother not less than $4 a week— $30 to his family or friends in case of his death, and $15 in case of the death of a brother's wife.

The third, by adopting such rules for our government, as are found best calculated to unite us as a band of brothers, laboring for each other's welfare.

The design contemplates permanent, systematic organization throughout the United States, divided into three classes, viz. - Subordinate Divisions, State Divisions, and a National Division.

Subordinate Divisions will meet weekly for the transaction of business, and shall be composed of such persons as may be found worthy. The officers are elected quarterly, and are as follows:-Worthy Patriarch, Worthy Associate, Recording Scribe, Financial Scribe, Treasurer, Conductor, Assistant Conductor, and Sentinel.

State Divisions will meet quarterly, and are composed of all the Past and Acting Worthy Patriarchs of Subordinate Divisions under their respective jurisdictions, and over which they shall exercise certain powers the first officers are called Grand Worthy Patriarchs.

The National Division will meet annually, and will be composed of the Past and Acting Grand Worthy Patriarchs of the State Divisions; in this will be vested the supreme power of the Order. The Grand Division of the State of New York will exercise the powers of the National Division until such

time as there shall be a sufficient number legally authorized to form the latter.

Our Order differs from other temperance organizations, inasmuch as we have certain forms and passwords, which are deemed essential to its welfare, and to guard against imposition. We would not, however, have any think that we design to interfere with, or oppose in the remotest degree, other organizations in the glorious cause of temperance: as full evidence of this, it is only necessary to state that the projectors, and a large majority of the members of our institution, are now, and ever hope to be, actively engaged in the great Washingtonian Reform, or some other branch of the noble work. But we find the necessity of closer union than the present organization affords, between men feeling the requirement of great effort and strong bonds of friendship, to be cemented by the ties of closer alliance and mutual benefit, to keep up and fully maintain an unrelaxed spirit of perseverance in the ennobling cause of human happiness in which we feel so deep an interest.

The Order of the Sons of Temperance is merely intended as another link in the chain, calculated, it is thought, from its peculiar construction, to bind those who may have been so unfortunate as to acquire the insatiate thirst for alcoholic drinks, more securely to the paths of rectitude and honor. Yet, we hope none will think our Order intended only to reform the intemperate ;—we desire the strictly temperate to unite with us, that they may always remain so, and that the Order may receive the benefit of