Damascus and Palmyra: A Journey to the East. With a Sketch of the State and ... - Charles Greenstreet Addison - Google Cărți

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Departure for Palmyra-Mounting Dromedaries-Activity of the

Arabs-Halt for the Night-The Ghouta of Damascus-Bedouin

Encampments-Wild Scenery-Desert of El Hammad-The Flocks

and Herds-Filling the Water-skins-The Arming of the Be-

douins-Bedouin Arms - Bedouin War-cry-Sham Combat-

Contest between the two Sheikhs-Beautiful Training of the

Horses-Entering the Desert-Singular Prospect from the Moun-

tains-Arrival at Nebk-Arab Villagers-Ignition of Phosphoric

Matches -The Astonishment of the Arabs-Departure from Nebk

-The Sheikh and his Brother--Their extreme Civility-Route to

Palmyra-The Plain of Salt--The Encampment of the Bedouin

Sheikh The Tents-The Salutation of the Arabs-The Bedouin

Women-Dromedaries - Feast in the Sheikh's Tent - The Mode of

Life of the Bedouins-Preservation of antient Customs-State of

Society among them-The Authority of the Sheikhs-Descrip-

tion of the Desert-The Vegetation of the Desert-The Flocks

and Herds of the Bedouins-The Migrations of the Tribes-The

Arab Horses-Scene after Supper in the Sheikh's Tent-The Ap-

pearance of the Arabs congregated round the Fire

Bedouin Camp - Scene at Sunrise-Dromedaries-The Morning

Prayers-Some Account of the Bedouins -The Arabian Horse-

Breakfast in the Sheikh's Tent-Making Presents to the Women

of the Tribe-Dress and Appearance of the Women-Fondness of

the Bedouins for Sugar-Their Delight at the sight of an English

Drawing of a Party of Bedouins-Bedouin Music - Departure-

Journey in the Desert-Halts during the Day-The Cerastes or

Horned Snake-Halt at Cariatein-Mounting a Dromedary-

Route from Cariatein to Palmyra-Appearance of the Desert-The

Djerboas-Bedouins of the Bagdad Caravan-The Method of

kindling a Fire in the Desert-Scene at Sunset-Visit to the

Bedouins of the Bagdad Caravan-Coffee and Spices of Bagdad

-Romantic Scene by the Light of the Fires - The Beauty

of the Heavens - An Arab at Prayer-Continuation of the

Journey by Moonlight-An unruly Dromedary-Night March

across the Desert-Beauty of the Moonlight-Romantic Appear-

ance of the long Caravan-The Night Encampment-The im-

mense Fires-Continuation of the Journey at Sunrise - Halts in

the Desert-The Scenery-View of the Mountains of Palmyra-

Arrival at the Valley of the Tombs-Arrival at the Citadel of

Palmyra and the Village of Tadmor

History of Palmyra-Tadmor in the Wilderness-Its Foundation

by Solomon-The Name changed by the Greeks-The Prosperity

and Magnificence of Palmyra accounted for-Odenatus the Palmy-

rene-His Victories over the Persians-His Assassination by Mæo-

nius-Zenobia, Queen of Palmyra-Her Beauty and Accomplish-

ments-Her Victories over the Romans-Her Conquest of Egypt

-March of Aurelian against her-The Battle of Immai-The

Capture of Antioch-The Battle of Emesa-The Siege of Pal-

myra-The Flight and Capture of Zenobia-The Execution of

Longinus-The Destruction of Palmyra-The Triumph of Aure-

lian-The Fate of Zenobia .

Palmyra-General Aspect of the Ruins-The Great Desert-The

peculiarly wild and solemn Scenery-Description of the Ruins-

The Grand Gateway-The Grand Avenue of Columns-Ruined

Gateways and Colonnades-The small Temple-The Entrance to

the Citadel-Greek Inscriptions-The Double Colonnade in the

Interior of the Citadel-The Temple of the Sun-The orna-

mented Chambers-The Zodiac

Palmyra-Valley of the Tombs Sepulchral Monuments-Greek

and Palmyrene Inscriptions-Tomb of Iamblichus-Tomb of Ela-'

belus Manæus-The Saracenic Castle-Singular View from the

Mountains-Antient Aqueducts-Ancient Stone Doorway-

Slaughter of a Camel-Monumental Columns-Antient Baths-

Palmyrene Inscriptions The Magnificence of the Citadel-The

Grotto of Hot Water-The Thunder Storm-The wild Appear-

ance of the Desert and of the Ruins-The Lightning-Excursion

into the Desert-The Plain of Salt-The Great Desert-The Vil-

lage of Tadmor-The Arab Hostess-Arab Villagers - Bedouin

Arabs-The Arab Girl-The present Appearance of the Village of

Palmyra-Departure- Last View of the Ruins-Scene over the
Desert-The Night Encampment-Antelopes-The Hunt-The
Gazelle-Cariatein-Arab Women-Well of Water-Arab Girl-
Arab Women drawing Water---The Sheikh of Djeroud-His Ara-

bian Horse The Dromedary-The Arrival at Djeroud-The

Sheikh's House The Supper-Departure at Sunrise-The Mush-

room of the Desert-The Merdj of Damascus-The Disarming of

the Bedouins--The Approach to Damascus-Scene at Sunset-

Eastern Sunsets - Arrival at Salahieh - The Bedouin Arabs

Their Moral and Social Condition-Comparison between the Civil-

ization of the Bedouins and that of the Mass of the British Popu-

337

Damascus-The Gardens-The Fruits-The Bazaars-The Da-

mascene Tailor-The Great Mosque-The Gate Bah Girun-The

Bedouin Sheikh-His Conversation at Dinner-Bedouin Kind-

ness to Horses-Damascene Manufactures-The Working Jewel-

lers-The Sabres-Ladies' Costume-Damascene Grandees-Da-

mascene Girl-Elegant Costume-The Ladies of Damascus-Su-

perstition-The Evil Eye-The Saddle Bazaar-The Nargilla—

The old Castle of Damascus-The Walls of Damascus-The Wed-

ding-Procession to the Bath-Arabian Nights-Mosques of Da-

mascus-Damascene Fever-Ophthalmia-The Population of Da-

mascus Grottoes in the Mountains

The History of Damascus-Its Antiquity-Its Revolutions-The

Saracenic Invasion-The Fall of Bosra-The Siege of Damascus-

The Prowess of Caled-The Siege raised-The Sally of Peter and

Paul-The Heroism of the Saracen Women-The Valour of Derar
-The Ambuscade-The Battle of Aiznadin-Reinvestment of Da-
mascus-Thomas of Damascus -The Saracen Widow-The Sur-
render of Damascus to Abu Obeidah-The Assault by Caled-The
Dispute-Capture of the City-The Damascene Fugitives--Jonas
and Eudocia-The Damascene Lover-Pursuit of the Fugitives—
Death of Eudocia Slaughter of the Fugitives-Fate of Jonas-
Saracenic Enthusiasm

.

368

392

The Caliphs of Damascus-Moawyah, First Caliph of Damascus
-The Caliph Yezid-His Slaughter of Hosein the Schehadat-Mo-
awyah Ben Yezid—The Caliph Valid-Soliman Ben Abdalmalek-
The Caliph Omar-His Goodness-His Murder-Yezid Ben Ad-
dalmalek-His beautiful Concubines-Haschem Ben Abdalmalek-

Yezid Ben Valid Ben Abdalmalek-The Caliph Mervan-De-

struction of the Ommiades-Massacre at Damascus-Elevation of

the Abassides to the Caliphate-Removal of the Caliphate to

Bagdad-Conquest of Damascus by the Turcomans The Sultan

Noureddin-His Justice-The Sultan Saladin- His Death at Da-

mascus-Destruction of Damascus by Timour Beg-Fanaticism of

the Damascenes-Capture of Damascus by Ibrahim Pasha-Esta-

blishment of a British Consul

Past and present State of Syria-Its former Wealth, Power, and

Opulence-The present Desolation and Impoverishment-Causes

of its Decline-The numerous Wars-The Successive Conquests-

The Violence and Rapine of the Conquerors-Saracens and Turks,

Military Adventurers-State of Syria under the Sultans of Con-

stantinople-How affected by Mohammed Ali's Conquest - Causes of

Ibrahim Pasha's Success-Ibrahim Pasha's Addresses to the People

-Their sanguine Expectations of Protection from the new Govern-

ment-How disappointed-The Ambition of Mohammed Ali-His

love of War-His want of Soldiers - The Conscriptions in Syria-

The Insurrections-The Population disarmed by Ibrahim Pasha

-Account of the late Events in Syria-Renewed Conscriptions to

supply Soldiers for the War in the Hedjaz-Exactions on the People

-Heavy Taxation-Effect of Mohammed Ali's Government on the

Country-Its present Tranquillity-How secured-The present

State of the Country Its continued gradual Decline-The

Beirout Merchant's written Statement of the Effect of Ibrahim

Pasha's Rule The increased Taxation-The vast Drain on the Po-

pulation for Soldiers --The arbitrary Acts of the Government—

The Monopolies-The present State of Commerce-The enormous

Expenditure of the Government-The Insecurity of the Pasha's

Position The Necessity of a large Military Establishment-The

Country sacrificed to the Ambition of its Rulers-The Effect of the

late Measures-The Insecurity of Person and Property-The De-

struction of Industry

A JOURNEY TO THE EAST.

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