VOTING RIGHTS ACT

HEARINGS

BEFORE THE

SUBCOMMITTEE ON THE CONSTITUTION

OF THE

COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY
UNITED STATES SENATE

NINETY-SEVENTH CONGRESS

SECOND SESSION

ON

S. 53, S. 1761, S. 1975, S. 1992, and H.R. 3112

BILLS TO AMEND THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965

JANUARY 27, 28, FEBRUARY 1, 2, 4, 11, 12, 25, AND MARCH 1, 1982

CONTENTS

STATEMENTS OF MEMBERS

Biden, Hon. Joseph R., Jr., a U.S. Senator from the State of Delaware...

DeConcini, Hon. Dennis, a U.S. Senator from the State of Arizona....

Page

65

847,

1091, 1339, 1634

Dole, Hon. Robert, a U.S. Senator from the State of Kansas..

Grassley, Hon. Charles E., a U.S. Senator from the State of Iowa

Hatch, Hon. Orrin G., a U.S. Senator from the State of Utah, and chairman

63

62

of the Subcommittee on the Constitution........ 1, 339, 515, 643, 845, 1083, 1405, 1643

Kennedy, Hon. Edward M., a U.S. Senator from the State of Massachusetts....

Leahy, Hon. Patrick J., a Ú.S. Senator from the State of Vermont.

219

1671

Mathias, Hon. Charles McC., Jr., a U.S. Senator from the State of Maryland
Metzenbaum, Hon. Howard M., a U.S. Senator from the State of Ohio

Thurmond, Hon. Strom, a U.S. Senator from the State of South Carolina, and

chairman of the Committee on the Judiciary.

THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT AND PROPOSED LEGISLATION

204

226,

645, 1087

59, 1135

Smith, Hon. William French, U.S. Attorney General, Department of Justice....

Mathias, Hon. Charles McC., Jr., a U.S. Senator from the State of Maryland ..

Kennedy, Hon. Edward M., a U.S. Senator from the State of Massachusetts.

Berns, Prof. Walter, American Enterprise Institute, Washington, D.C..

Hooks, Benjamin L., executive director, N.A.A.C.P.; accompanied by Althea T.

L. Simmons, director, Washington Bureau; and Ralph Neas, executive direc-

tor, Leadership Conference on Civil Rights

7

28

31

37

41

50

66

199

217

228

243

Martinez, Vilma, executive director and general counsel, MALDEF.

Hinerfeld, Ruth J., president, League of Women Voters of the United States;

accompanied by Sally Laird, director, legislative action department...........

289

314

THURSDAY, JANUARY 28, 1982

Cochran, Hon. Thad, a U.S. Senator from the State of Mississippi.
McDonald, Laughlin, director, Southern Regional Office, ACLU Foundation,
Inc.

342

366

Hyde, Hon. Henry, a U.S. Representative from the State of Illinois...

Gross, Prof. Barry R., York College of the City University of New York.

Marsh, Hon. Henry L., III, mayor of the city of Richmond, Va.......

392

423

Bliley, Hon. Thomas J., Jr., a U.S. Representative from the Commonwealth of

Virginia.

Erler, Dr. Edward J., National Humanities Center, Raleigh, N.C...............

447

476

487