'It is not enough that antagonism between employer and employed has died out between us; it is not enough that the cause of strikes has disappeared amongst us. The sentiments of brotherhood must be more and more manifest; our courtesy and savoir vivre, even in our most intimate relations, ought to express those feelings; we must on every occasion so conduct ourselves as to raise our moral level to the proportion of the grand work that we are doing.'
Leclaire died at Herblay, July 13, 1872, aged 71, happy in the consciousness of having carried out all the dreams of his youth, and the assurance that bread was secured to those who had grown old with him. The last pleasure of his life was to know that the sum of £2,000 had, the week before, been paid over and above wages to 600 of his men, and that the conduct of all was exemplary.
ST. AUGUSTINE'S CONFESSION OF AGNOSTICISM.
De Doctrinâ Christianâ, Book I. ch. vi. After a passage in which he speaks of the Trinity in words comparable to those of the Athanasian Creed, Augustine continues:
'Diximusne aliquid et sonuimus aliquid dignum Deo? Imo vero nihil me aliud quam dicere voluisse sentio. Si autem dixi, non est hoc quod dicere volui. Hoc unde scio, nisi quia Deus ineffabilis est? Quod autem a me dictum est, si ineffabile esset, dictum non esset. Ac per hoc ne ineffabilis quidem dicendus est Deus, quia et hoc quum dicitur, aliquid dieitur. Et fit nescio quæ pugna verborum, quoniam si illud est ineffabile, quod dici non potest, non est ineffabile, quod vel ineffabile dici potest. Quae pugna verborum silentio cavenda potius quam voce pacanda est. Et tamen Deus, quum de illo nihil digne dici possit, admisit humanae vocis obsequium, et verbis nostris in laude suâ gaudere nos voluit. Nam inde est et quod dicitur Deus. Non enim re vera in strepitu istarum duarum syllabarum ipse cognoscitur: sed tamen omnes Latinae linguae scios quum aures eorum sonus iste tetigerit, movet ad cogitandam excellentissimam quamdam immortalemque naturam.'
Abbey and Overton on 18th Century,
p. 278 n. Abelard, 201.
Adalbert, 185.
Agnostic philosophy, 22 n., 336, 416. Agriculture, the normal pursuit of Is- raelites, 57.
Alabama Convention, 327, 354, 427. Alexander the Great, 40. Alfred, King, 180.
Ambrose, 167, 168, 170.
America, Discovery of, 190; Puritan settlements in, 227; religion in, 235; liberty in, 275; tendencies adverse to family life in, 338.
American and Hebrew slavery con- trasted, 60. Anne Boleyn, 252. Apologetics, 3, 369. Apostolate, 129.
Appeals to Rome abolished, 243, 244; to the Crown in all ecclesiastical causes, 244.
Aquinas de Regimine Principum, 177. Arbitration between nations, 354. Argyll, Duke of, 353 n.
Aristotle, on priority of being, 15, 385; complains of lack of moral power, 30, 396; influence on Christian theology, 43; Politics, 54 n.; connects justice and love, 317; gives the moral aim of common life, 318; on definition in morals, 363.
Arnold of Brescia, 201.
Arnold, Dr., on the Church, 112 n.,
161 n., 322; extract from, 421-6. Arnold, Matthew, 96 n., 363 n. Art, its connexion with religion, 36, 280, 292, 293; elevates life, 313; keeps alive the ideal, 314; and forms a Church, ib.; must be popularised, 344; and become a function of the Church, 344.
Articles of Religion, 266, 273. Asceticism, 167.
Atonement, Doctrine of, 296. Augustine, De Civitate Dei, 8 n., 169, 380-4; De Doct. Christ., 363; his Confession of Agnosticism, 336.
Bingham, on Church Discipline, 160 n. Bishops, origin of the title, 125; its various meanings, 129. Bluntschli, 357, 427. Böhmen, Jacob, 215. Bollandists, 215. Bolton Abbey, 187.
Boniface, Bp. (Winfried), 186. Boniface VIII, 182.
Bonner, Bp., 246 n.
Borgia (Alexander VI), 187, 203, 207. Bouvier, Professor, 212 n.
Brace, C. Loring, Gesta Christi, 33 n., 185 n.
Brahmanic and Christian ideas of God,
Brahmo-Somaj of India, 398. Brodrick, Hon. G., 41 n.
Brotherhood, fostered by Hebrew polity, 58.
Bryce's Holy Roman Empire, 176 n., 178 n., 179, 186 n.
Canon Law, 173, 181 m., 244. Canons of 1604 and 1639, 271. Cardwell, 261 n., 271 n.
Casimir, John, King of Poland, 216. Central authority in Israel, 64. Ceremonial system of Israel, 69. Chalmers, Dr., Commercial Discourses, 146.
Charles the Great, 151, 152, 178; his government, 179, 200. Charles I, 272, 273. Charles II, 275- Chatham, 278. Chillingworth, 276.
CHRIST, Divinity of, 21, 25; The Word, 27; effect of His manifestation, 29; His social power, 31; His aims, 98; belongs to the East, 43, 398; change in His teaching, 103; His Kingship misunderstood, 108; gives the type of true relations, 114; His decisions on divorce and quarrels, 117; His coming, 136; His self-sacrifice com- pared with that of the Decii, 148; His character the centre of theology, 368. Christendom, 362.
Christian ideal of life, 34, 362. Chrysostom, 167.
Church, its functions, 1, 121, 125, 159,
281; its origin, 98; its definition, 9, 32, 140, 299; its changes, II; its universality, 23, 44, 291, 297; works by election, 31, 289; its authority, 105; not a merely spiritual society, 110, 161, 286; its requirements, 115; its laws, 117, 172; organized for practical needs, 119, 128, 133; various offices in, 128-134, 365; idealized by St. Paul and St. John, 133; its government, 158; is a sovereign society, 163, 421; acquired the habits of a sect, 165; its relations to the State, 175, 336, 337; enfolds many like organisms, 295.
Church of England, 238; in Saxon times, 239; identical with the nation,
242, 248, 263; the King head of, 265; its practical unity, 276. Clarendon, Constitutions of, 239. Clement of Alexandria, 146, 393. Clement of Rome, 172.
Clergy, inclined to mistrust, 253; not the sole ministers of religion, 256; discipline of, 260; ought to be the most open of orders, 305; may by narrowness ruin their system, 336. Clerical power, often tyrannical, 258; gradual emancipation from, 139; its result in Charles I's reign, 273; and in the present day, 277.
Clericalism, 162, 170, 173, 187, 253, 367, 369; must be abandoned, 364, 425. Coleridge, Aids to Reflexion, 147. Colet, 190, 250. Collier, 249 n.
Commerce. See TRADE.
Commons, House of, opposes clericalism, 271; ill-treated by Charles I, 272; its supremacy acknowledged, 276. Commonwealth, identified with the Church, 248, 281.
Comte, on future of European society, 20, 386; on the two powers, 173. Confucius; the golden rule, 24; moral maxims, 30.
Congreve, Dr., 41 n.
Constance, Council of, 190. Constantine, 162, 164, 165; his laws, 166.
Constitutional government, 280; is a
Christian idea, 321; its rationale, 350; its need of readjustment, 351. Contemporary Review, article on Ge- nevan Church, 212 n.; on the Man and the State, 348 n. Convocations of Clergy, restrained, 245; revived claims of, 271; their influence, 276; cease to be taxing bodies, 280. Co-operative industry, 347, 433. Courts of High Commission, 246, 271; abolition of, 280.
Covenant, National, in Scotland, 223. Cranmer's Commission as Archbishop, 246 n.; draws up Reformatio Legum, 265.
Creighton's History of the Papacy, 178n.
Cromwell, Oliver, 274. Cromwell, Thomas, 197.
Culture, not to be opposed to Chris- tianity, 39; its expansiveness, 39; in reign of Elizabeth, 266, 279. Cyprian, 161, 171. Cyrus, 40.
Dante, De Monarchiâ, 177. Darwin, Evolution and Free Will, 22, 392; doctrine of Pangenesis, 296; on Science and Revelation, 397. Davenport, founder of Newhaven in Connecticut, 232.
Davies, Rev. J. Llewelyn, on Ambrose, 168; on Erastus, 218 n. Deacons, 128.
Decretals, the False, 172, 181 N., 183 n.;
others, 171, 172. Democracy, 325, 357-
Design, mechanical conception of, 22. Diman's Religion in America, 235 n. Diplomacy, 325, 359-
Dissenting societies not separate churches, 254, 277, 430. Divorce, forbidden by Malachi, 60; Christ's decision about, 117. Dixon's History of the Church of Eng- land, 246.
Dotation of Constantine, 181.
"Ecce Homo," 116; extract from, 417. Ecclesia, synonymous with synagogue, 125.
Ecclesiastical Courts, 181, 185, 243, 245.
Ecclesiastical Legislation in England, 245; only by Parliament, 261; Hooker on, 412. Education, 305.
Edward VI supports Reformation Settle- ment, 264.
Edwards, Jonathan, 234.
Egyptians contrasted with Israel, 57. Eighteenth Century, not so irreligious as often assumed, 277. Election, 31, 290. Eliot, Sir J., 274.
Elizabeth, Queen, restores Reformation
Settlement, 265; tries to keep eccle- siastical affairs in her own hands, 266.
Elliott's New England History, 227 n.; quotation from, 237. Encomium Moriae, 195.
England. Its development in the 17th
and 18th centuries, 280-281; its faults, 283; its political eminence, 349. See CHURCH OF ENGLAND. Enlightenment brought about by the Reformation, 195, 199, 266. Ephesians, Epistle to, 15.
Erastus' system of church-government,
Europe, present state of, 356. Eusebius on the martyrs of Vienne,
Evangelical Revival, 278.
Evidences of Christianity, 3, 369. Evolution, doctrine of, 20, 22, 392. Ewald, Antiquities, 55. Excommunication, 161.
Faith, its various phases, 153. Faiths of the world, 24 n. Falkland, 274.
Family, becomes a church, 137, 288, 340; is naturally Christian, 307; is a microcosm, 308; the highest idea of, ib.; its present state and dangers, 338.
Fathers, Western and Eastern, on the virtuous heathen, 25.
Feasts of Israel, 65.
Ferdinand, Emperor, 216. Fiore on international law, 427. Florence under Savonarola, 205. Fox, Charles, 275, 279.
France, decrease of population in, 339; a branch of the Church, 338; its position in Europe, 355; religion in, 368.
Francis I, his Concordat with Rome,
Gibbon, his statement of the causes of the spread of Christianity, 155; on the laws of the Roman Empire, 166. Gladstone, Mr., on European concert, 427.
GOD, immanent and transcendant, 17; Brahmanic idea of, 24; metaphysical notions of, 42; Hebrew conceptions of, 74; purpose of, 16, 19, 286, 361; undefinable, 363, 436.
Goethe, his ideal of life, 26. Goschen, Mr., on Laissez faire, 348 n. Gratian, 173.
Green's History of the English People, 49 n., 269 n.
Guizot's European Civilization, 19, 20, 161, 185, 197; inadequate view of the Reformation, 198, 199; view of the English Reformation, 238.
Hadrian I, 179. Hallam, 275. Hampden, 274-
Hatch, Dr., Bampton Lectures, 160 n. Hebrew history a revelation, 50; polity
contrasted with those of Greece and Rome, 67; art, 88; ideal of life, 96. Henotheism, 298.
Henry II of England, 178 n.; assertion of his divine authority, 239. Henry IV of England, 240. Henry IV of France, 427. Henry IV of Germany, 184. Henry VIII of England, his divorce, 243; his attitude towards the clerical system, 263.
Henry of Luxemburg, 177. Herder; ideal of society, 20. Hermann of Metz, 177 n., 183. Hilarion, 152.
Hildebrand, 153, 184; his excommuni- cation of the Emperor, 161, 177 n.; destroyed the family life of the clergy, 164; his views on government, 177, 200; claims power over kings, 183. Hincmar of Rheims, 161. History, philosophy of, 18-20. Hobbes, 274.
Hooker, defends ecclesiastical legisla-
tion by Parliament, 261; on Church government, 267; criticism of his work, 266-9; extract from, on Royal supremacy, 412-4.
Hope, want of, in the Church, 8; must
Horace on the faith of the just, 24. Humane progress in the middle ages, 185. Humanity, Universal Society of, 39, 44,
300. Hume, 226.
Huss, 190, 201.
Hutchinson, Mrs., 232.
Huxley, on Man's place in Nature, 21, 391.
Hypothesis, use of, in scientific theology, 47, 399.
Ignatius Loyola, 213.
Immortality, doctrine of, 145.
Independent systems of morality, 27.
Individual Christianity, 296, 358. Innocent III, 154, 184. Innocent IV, 182.
Kant, on peace, 20, 357, 427. Ken, Bp., 278.
Keshub Chunder Sen, 43 n., 398. Kings of Israel, their duties, 65, 79. Knowledge, its connexion with religion, 36, 292, 293, 309; centres in that of man, 310; begets a social union, ib. ; its votaries form a church, 311; co- ordination of, needed, 341.
Knox, John, his attempt to make Scot- land a kingdom of Christ, 222. Kyrle Society, 344 n.
Laud, 254, 268, 273. Laveleye, M. de, 353 n. Law, William, 278. Law, limits of, 258.
Laws of Israel, successive casts of, 52; their care for the poor and weak, 53, 59. Land laws, 56; enactments for just dealing, 58; for family life, ib.; on retaliation, 60; war, 61; aliens, ib.; the centre of constitution, 62; of theology, 67; of history, 77; of literature, 83. Source of prosperity, 77; not exclusive, 88.
Laws of the Church, 117, 133. See ECCLESIASTICAL LEGISLATION.
Lay power, uprising of, at Reformation, 196; supreme in England, 247; re- sisted by Laud, 271.
Lecky's History of Rationalism, 259; European Morals, 167; History of 18th Century, 278.
Leclaire, Maison, 347 n., 433.
Lee, Dr. R., of Edinburgh, 218 n. Leighton, Sir F., 312 n.; extract from address by, 418.
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