and that our daughters may be as the polished corners of the temple. That our garners may be full and plenteous with all manner of store. That our oxen may be strong to labour; that there be no decay, no leading into captivity, and no complaining in our streets." (Ps. cxliv. 12, 13, 14.)

2ndly. In peace.

"Thou wilt keep him in perfect peace whose

mind is stayed on thee." (Isa. xxvi. 3.) 3rdly. In godliness.

"For godliness hath the promise of the life that now is, and of that which is to come." (1 Tim. iv. 8.) 44. Repeat the next Rubric.

Then shall be said the Collect of the Day. And immediately after the Collect the Priest shall read the Epistle, saying, The Epistle [or, The portion of Scripture appointed for the Epistle] is written in the beginning at the

Chapter of

Verse. And the Epistle ended, he shall say, Here endeth the Epistle. Then shall he read the Gospel (the people all standing up) saying, The holy Gospel is written in the beginning at the Verse. And the Gospel ended, shall be sung or said the Creed following, the people still standing, as before.

Chapter of

45. Why is the Collect introduced here?

After the preceding prayers for the outward prosperity of the Church, the Collect for the day follows for some inward grace. 46. Why are the Epistle and Gospel now read?

The Jews read the history of their deliverance before the Passover, and all the ancient Fathers and Liturgies declare that the Christians did read select portions of the New Testament before they received the Communion.

47. Have those portions of Scripture which are appointed to be read for the Epistles and Gospels been long used in their present order?

Yes; they have been fixed to those very Sundays on which we now use them above 1300 years, as could be proved by divers passages in the Homilies of the ancient Fathers.

48. Why do the people sit during the reading of the Epistle, and stand up during the reading of the Gospel?

At the reading of the Epistle they are indulged in the posture of sitting, because they are listening to the words of the servants; whereas, the reverential custom of standing up during the reading of the Gospel has always been adopted in honour of the Son of God, the chief Messenger of the Gospel of peace.

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49. Why do the people say Glory be to thee, O Lord!" before the commencement of the Gospel?

It is an exclamation of thanks to God for having sent them the word of salvation. The custom is borrowed from ancient Liturgies; and though there is no order for it in our Rubric, yet custom still continues the use of it in most of our churches.

50. When the Gospel has been read, what follows?

The Creed, called generally the Nicene Creed, because it was partly framed at the great Council of Nice, A.D. 325; but it was

afterwards enlarged at the second general Council, held at Constantinople, A.D. 381.

51. Why is any Creed introduced here?

Since in the Sacrament we are about to renew our baptismal vow (one branch of which was that we should believe all the articles of the Christian faith), it is very requisite that before we are admitted, we should declare our belief in those articles.

52. Repeat the Creed.

I BELIEVE in one God the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth, And of all things visible and invisible :

And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God, Begotten of his Father before all worlds, God of God, Light of Light, Very God of very God, Begotten, not made, Being of one substance with the Father; By whom all things were made: Who for us men, and for our salvation came down from heaven, and was incarnate by the Holy Ghost of the Virgin Mary, And was made man, And was crucified also for us under Pontius Pilate. He suffered and was buried, And the third day he rose again according to the Scriptures, And ascended into heaven, And sitteth on the right hand of the Father. And he shall come again with glory to judge both the quick and the dead: Whose kingdom shall have no end.

And I believe in the Holy Ghost, The Lord and Giver of life, Who proceedeth from the Father and the Son, Who with the Father and the Son together is worshipped and glorified, Who spake by the Prophets. And I believe one Catholick and Apostolick Church. I acknowledge one Baptism for the remission of sins, And I look for the Resurrection of the dead, And the life of the world to come. Amen.

53. Prove from Scripture that there is one God, the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth, and of all things visible and invisible.

"To us there is one God the Father, of whom are all things, and we in him." (1 Cor. viii. 6.)

54. Prove that there is one Lord Jesus Christ.

"And one Lord Jesus Christ, by whom are all things, and we by him." (1 Cor. viii. 6.)

55. Shew that He is the only-begotten Son of God.

"God so loved the world that he gave his only-begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have eternal life." (John iii. 16.)

56. Shew that He was begotten of the Father before all worlds. "He is before all things, and by him all things consist." (Col. i. 17.)

57. Shew that He is God of God.

"This is the true God, and eternal life." (1 John v. 20.) 58. Shew that He is light of light.

"That was the true light which lighteth every man that cometh into the world.” (John i. 9.)

59. Shew that He is very God of very God.

"In him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily." (Col.

ii. 9.)

60. Shew that He was begotten, not made.

"And the Word was made flesh and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only-begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth." (John i. 14.)

61. Shew that He was of one substance with the Father.

"I and my Father are one." (John x. 30.)

62. Shew that all things were made by Him.

"All things were made by him, and without him was not any thing made that was made." (John i. 3.)

63. For what purpose did He come down from heaven?

"Jesus Christ came into the world to save sinners." (1 Tim. i. 15.)

64. By whom was He incarnate?

By the Holy Ghost of the Virgin Mary. "The angel said unto her, The power of the Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee; therefore that holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God." (Luke i. 35.)

65. Prove that Christ was made man.

"The Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us." (John i. 14.) 66. Prove that He was crucified also for us under Pontius Pilate.

"Then Pilate delivered him unto them to be crucified; and they took Jesus, and led him away: and he, bearing his cross, went forth to the place of a skull, which is called Golgotha, where they crucified him." (John xix. 16, 17, 18.)

67. Prove that He suffered and was buried.

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"Christ suffered for us." (1 Pet. ii. 21.) Joseph of Arimathea, an honourable counsellor, which also waited for the kingdom of God, came and went in boldly unto Pilate, and craved the body of Jesus: and he brought fine linen, and took him down, and wrapped him in the linen, and laid him in a sepulchre." (Mark xv. 43. 46.)

68. Śhew that He rose again the third day according to the Scrip

tures.

"I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, and that he was buried, and that he rose again according to the Scriptures." (1 Cor. xv. 3, 4.)

69. Shew that He ascended into heaven, and sitteth upon the right hand of the Father.

"After the Lord had spoken unto them, he was received up into heaven, and sat on the right hand of God." (Col. iii. 1.)

70. For what purpose will He come again in glory?

To judge both the quick, and dead. "When the Son of man shall come in his glory, and all his holy angels with him, then shall he sit

upon the throne of his glory: and before him shall be gathered all nations, and he shall separate them one from another as a shepherd divideth his sheep from the goats, and he shall set the sheep on his right hand, but the goats on the left." (Matt. xxv. 31, 32, 33.)

71. How long will his kingdom last?

"Of his kingdom there shall be no end." (Luke i. 33.) 72. Why do you profess to believe in the Holy Ghost?

Because He, with the Father and the Son, form one Godhead. "There are three that bear record in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost, and these three are one." (1 John v. 7.) 73. Of what is He the Lord and Giver? He is the Lord and Giver of Life.

(2 Cor. iii. 6.)

74. From Whom does He proceed?

"The Spirit giveth life."

He proceedeth from the Father and the Son. "When the Comforter is come, whom I will send unto you from the Father, even the Spirit of truth which proceedeth from the Father, he shall testify of me." (John xv. 26.)

75. Prove that He is to be worshipped and glorified with the Father and the Son.

"Go ye therefore and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost." (Matt. xxviii. 19.)

76. Prove that He spake by the prophets.

Prophecy came not in old time by the will of man, but holy men of old spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost." (2 Pet. i. 21.) 77. Why do you believe in the Catholic Church?

Because it is the "general assembly, and church of the first-born which are written in heaven." (Heb. xii. 23.)

78. Why do you call the Church apostolic?

Because it is "built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner stone." (Eph. ii. 20.)

79. What do you acknowledge one Baptism for? For the remission of sins. away thy sins, calling on the

"One Baptism." (Eph. iv. 5.)

"Arise, and be baptized, and wash name of the Lord." (Acts xxii. 16.)

80. Why do you look for the resurrection of the dead?

Because "the hour is coming in the which all that are in their graves shall hear his voice, and come forth; they that have done good unto the resurrection of life, and they that have done evil to the resurrection of damnation." (John v. 28, 29.)

81. Why do you look for the life of the world to come?

Because "he gave his only-begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life." (John iii. 16.) 82. Repeat the Rubric which follows.

Then the Curate shall declare unto the people what Holy-days, or Fasting-days, are in the Week following to be observed. And then also (if occasion be) shall notice be given of the Communion; and Briefs, Citations, and Excommunications read. And nothing shall be

proclaimed or published in the Church, during the time of Divine Service, but by the Minister: nor by him any thing, but what is prescribed in the Rules of this Book, or enjoined by the Queen, or by the Ordinary of the place.

83. When the curate has given the necessary notices, what follows?

Then shall follow the Sermon, or one of the Homilies already set forth, or hereafter to be set forth, by authority.

84. For what purpose. was the sermon appointed?

From the beginning of Christianity sermons were appointed to be used upon Sundays and holy-days, for explaining the mysteries of the Creed, and enforcing the duties of the Gospel.

85. What was the custom of the Primitive Church respecting the sermon ?

The custom was, that at the close of the common service, the bishop or priest should make a discourse to the people. And, indeed, there are innumerable sermons or homilies which were spoken in the ancient Church, and are preserved to our times in the works of St. Chrysostom, and others.

86. Of what did the sermon usually consist?

Of an exposition of some part of the Epistle or Gospel, or proper lesson for the day; which, according to the pattern in Nehemiah viii. 8, "they read in the book in the law of God distinctly, and gave the sense, and caused the people to understand the reading."

87. How often was a sermon ordered in the days of the Reformation?

In Edward the Sixth's time, A.D. 1547, it was only ordered quarterly, and for many years after but monthly, according to an injunction of Queen Elizabeth, A.D. 1559.

88. What are the homilies mentioned in the Rubric?

To supply the instruction necessary for the people in those days when the clergy were many of them very illiterate, and when it was thought that some still favoured the Roman doctrine, two books of homilies, or plain sermons, were drawn up. The first, by Archbishop Cranmer, in 1547; the second was published in 1560, having been written probably by Bishop Jewel.

89. When the sermon is concluded, what does the Rubric direct?

Then shall the Priest return to the Lord's Table, and begin the Offertory, saying one or more of these Sentences following, as he thinketh most convenient in his discretion.

90. Whence did the custom of making offerings arise?

It is of apostolic origin, as appears from the exhortation of St. Paul.

"Now, concerning the collection for the saints, as I have given order to the churches of Galatia, so do ye. Upon the first day of the week let every one of you lay by him in store, as God hath prospered him" (1 Cor. xvi. 1, 2); and this custom has been continued through all ages. The sentences which our Church has selected to