their baptism upon the heroic host, when a blaze, which heralded a crash of stunning severity, bathed for a moment the earth and sky. The pageantry of war never had a finer illumination, nor presented a scene of more thrilling splendor. The ranks of dripping men, the startled horses and their riders, the brazen ordnance, the city itself, all were aglow for an instant, extorting a murmur of admiration from the lips of every beholder.

May 1, Capt. Albert Dodd's Boston company, ordered to join Major Devens's Rifles, was forwarded by the propellor "Cambridge," with sealed instructions, as follows:

To Capt. ALBERT Dodd.

ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S OFFICE, BOSTON, May 1, 1861.

Sir, You are to go on board the steam-propeller "Cambridge" this afternoon with your command, and proceed at once to Fortress Monroe, where the troops on board the "Cambridge," belonging to the Third and Fourth Regiments, will be landed to join their respective companies now there.

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The Cambridge" will then depart from Fortress Monroe, and proceed to Washington by the Potomac River. Should the ship be attacked, you will use your utmost exertions to defend and protect her, and endeavor to have her make the passage of the Potomac, and arrive at Washington.

When you arrive at Washington, you will report yourself to Gen. Butler, who is to attach you and your command to the battalion of rifles under command of Major Devens. Your command will be known as Company D of that battalion.

Should the "Cambridge" fail to get to Washington by the Potomac River, though there is no such word as "fail" known to Massachusetts men, the ship will proceed to Annapolis, where you will report yourself to Gen. Butler, and if he is not there, to Major Devens, and be attached to his battalion. You are to guard and protect the ship while you are on board of her, and to report yourself so as to be attached to Major Devens's command when you land; always holding yourself subject to superior officers, who are expected and instructed to carry forward the purport of these instructions. It is the earnest desire of his Excellency the Commander-inChief that the ship "Cambridge" shall reach Washington, and demonstrate that a Massachusetts ship, manned with Massachusetts men, shall be the first ship to arrive by that route, as our Sixth Regiment was the first to arrive at Washington through the hostile city of Baltimore. You will confer with the captain of the ship, and you and he will act in unison.

By order of his Excellency JOHN A. ANDREW, Governor and Commanderin-Chief.

WILLIAM SCHOULER, Adjutant-General.

CHAPTER IV.

THE MARTYRED DEAD.-MILITARY MOVEMENTS.

Reception of the Baltimore Martyrs in Boston. - Major Devens's Battery at Baltimore. — Gov Andrew on the Special Preparation of the State for the War. Adjutant-Gen. Schouler's Testimony to the Good Conduct of the Early Troops. The Fifth at Bull Run Gen. Butler's Letter to Gov. Andrew.

O

N the day of departure of fresh troops, the bodies of the slain in Baltimore, which Gov. Andrew had requested to be "tenderly forwarded," were brought back in the care of Merrill S. Wright, a private of the Richardson Light Infantry, of Lowell, detailed by Col. Jones for the purpose. From the depot to King's Chapel, escort duty was performed by the Independent Cadets. The Governor, with other State officials and prominent citizens, followed in the long procession which attended the remains. The streets were thronged as when the martyrs kept step to martial music in the ranks which, two weeks before, filled the highway to its curbstones.

There were tearful eyes then and now; but how different, and yet not all unlike, the emotions swelling ten thousand hearts!

April 17, the pulses beat high with patriotism; in the sudden outflow, dimming many eyes; while on other faces were mingled the tears of the fond adieu with those of affection for the old flag. Now all were mourners; but beneath the silence and gloom of that great sorrow, like volcanic fires fitfully gleaming through the darkness of overhanging clouds and night, souls were aflame with the indignant purpose to avenge the martyr-blood of the State and nation, - a purpose whose light flashed from the eye of manhood and youth, and was breathed in the prayer that rose to God over those lifeless forms, which spake to the living of treason and liberty as no human voice could make appeal.

The feeling in Boston, and far away on every side around it, is eloquently expressed in connection with the brief biographies of the victims of the secession mob by the Executive of the Commonwealth, in his address at the dedication of their monu

ment:

When, on the evening of the anniversary of the battle of Lexington, there came the news along the wires that the Sixth Regiment had been cutting its way through the streets of Baltimore, whose pavements were reddened with the blood of Middlesex, it seemed as if there descended into our hearts a mysterious strength, and into our minds a supernal illumination. In many trying experiences of the war, we have watched by starlight as well as sunlight the doubtful fortunes of our arms; but never has the news of victory, decisive and grand, — not even that of Gettysburg, on which hung issues more tremendous than ever depended on the fortunes of a single battle-field,

so lifted us above ourselves, so transformed our earthly weakness into heavenly might by a glorious transfiguration. The citizens of yesterday were to-day the heroes whom history would never forget; and the fallen brave had put on the crown of martyrdom more worthy than a hundred mortal diadems. Their blood alone was precious enough to wipe out the long arrears of shame. The great and necessary struggle was begun, without which we were a disgraced, a doomed, a ruined people. We had reached the parting of the ways, and we had not hesitated to choose the right one. Oh! it is terrible, beyond expression terrible, to feel that only war, with all its griefs and pains and crimes, will save a people; but how infinitely greater than the dread and the dismay with which we thought of war was the hope of that salvation!

It was on the first day of May that Massachusetts received back to her soil the remains of these her children.

One of the dead still sleeps at Baltimore. The mangled bodies of the other three, transported hither under charge of one of their fellow-soldiers, reached the State capital just before sunset, where they were received by the Governor of the Commonwealth, and were escorted through streets draped in emblems of mourning, and lined by thousands of citizens with uncovered heads and moistened eyes, to the "Vassal Tomb" beneath the ancient King's Chapel. On the way, they were borne past the State House, over the same ground where, twelve days before, they had stood to receive the flag which they swore to defend, and which they died defending.

Of these three martyrs, the name of but one was known, that of Sumner Henry Needham, of Lawrence. The rolls of the regiment were cut off with its baggage in the struggle at Baltimore. But, had not this accident occurred, they might have failed to afford means of identifying the remains ; for, in the haste of the original assembling and moving of the regiment, they had escaped careful revision. Some men had discarded the implements and clothing of peace, and fallen into the ranks on its march across the city the very hour of its departure. In those early days, when the nation was wavering between life and death, we did not waste time on forms. We were asked to send two regiments of troops as soon as we could. We did send five regiments, and more, sooner than the country had believed it was possible for any State to do; but, in accomplishing that, we neglected formalities which would have been indispensable under an exigency less tremendous.

GOV. ANDREW AND THE DEAD AT BALTIMORE.

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Therefore it was that two of the three corpses the same two which have mouldered into these ashes in the presence of which we stand - lay before us that May evening, without a name. Later in the night, under the direction of officers of the headquarter's staff of Massachusetts, and in the presence of the mayors of the cities of Lawrence and of Lowell, these bodies were identified; and the names of Luther Crawford Ladd and Addison Otis Whitney, two young mechanics, both of Lowell, were added to that of Needham. And completing the four is the name of Charles A. Taylor, whose residence and family even now remain unknown.

To complete the historical record of the humble men who thus, by a fortunate and glorious death, have made their names imperishable, let us review the brief stories of their lives. They are quickly told. They are simple in incident, and they are characteristic of New England.

Little is known of Taylor, except that his trade was that of a decorative painter. The most careful inquiries of his officers have failed to discover his residence or his origin. On the evening of April 16, he presented himself at Boston in the hall where the regiment was quartered, and was enrolled as a volunteer. He appeared to be about twenty-five years of age. His hair was light, his eyes blue. After he fell on the pavement at Baltimore on the afternoon of April 19, his brutal murderers beat him with clubs until life was extinct.

Needham was born March 2, 1828, at Bethel, a little town lying under the shadow of the White Mountains, on the banks of the Androscoggin River, in the County of Oxford, in the State of Maine. About 1850, he came to Lawrence, in Massachusetts, and engaged in his trade there as a plasterer. After he fell mortally wounded at Baltimore, he was removed to the infirmary, where he lingered until April 27, when he died. His remains lie at Lawrence, where his wife and child reside.

Luther Crawford (son of John and Fanny) Ladd was born at Alexandria, near the Merrimack River, in the County of Grafton, in the State of New Hampshire, where his parents still reside, on the twenty-second day of December, 1843, being the anniversary of the landing of the Pilgrims.

Addison Otis (son of John F. and Jane B.) Whitney was born Oct. 30, 1839, at Waldo, in the county of the same name, which borders on the Penobscot River, near where it joins the sea, in the State of Maine. Both died unmarried.

These brief lives offer no incidents that are not common to most of the ingenuous young men of New England. Born of honest parentage, the youth of both Ladd and Whitney was passed by the side of the great rivers, and the sea, and the mountains of New England, and was nurtured in correct principles and fair ambition by the teaching of free schools, until, arrived at manhood, and attracted by the opportunities of the great mechanical establishments of the eastern counties of Massachusetts, they came to Lowell, and were employed, the first in a machine-shop, the second in the spinning-room, of one of its manufactories. Their companions in toil and in social life testify

to their exemplary habits, their amiable disposition, and their laudable industry. And thus they were engaged, constant in work, hopeful of long life. and confident of the success which is everywhere in New England the fruit of free and honest labor, when the sudden summons reached them to take up arms for their country. They never faltered for one moment in simplehearted patriotism and loyal obedience. At Lowell, on the fifteenth day of April, they dropped the garb of the artisan, and assumed that of the citizensoldier. Four days afterwards at Baltimore, their mortal bodies, bruised and lifeless, lay on the bloody stones of Pratt Street, the victims of the brutal mob.

Both Whitney and Ladd were young, and moved by a dauntless enthusiasm. Whitney was but twenty-one years of age, and Ladd was only in his eighteenth year.

Whitney joined the Lowell City Guards (Company D, of the Sixth Regi ment) in the summer of 1860. He attended muster with the regiment that year, and was discharged early in the winter of 1861, because he was learning a trade, and could ill afford the time and expense of membership. On the call of the Governor on the regimental commanders, in March, 1861, to ascertain how many men in their commands would be ready for active service in case they should be needed, Whitney promptly came forward, and signified his willingness to obey the summons. He signed the rolls of the company with the understanding, that, if it should not be wanted, he should be discharged. On the evening of April 15, when the order came for the regiment to get ready to leave the following day, he was among the first to put on his uniform. In company with a comrade, he left the armory about two o'clock, during the night of the 16th, for the purpose of procuring his photograph in the early morning; and he was at his company post promptly at the time appointed.

In passing through Baltimore, he was on the left of the first section; and while marching through Pratt Street, near the bridge, was seen to fall. Some of his comrades, thinking he had stumbled, tried to assist him; but, finding he was dead, they left him where he fell. A bullet had pierced his right breast, passing down the body, causing instant death. The shot was undoubtedly fired from the upper window of a house. The coat which he wore was found stripped of every button, cut off by the mob. The place in the coat where the bullet entered is plainly visible, saturated with his blood.

The precise manner of the death of Ladd is known by the bullet-holes, of which there are several, through the coat and the overcoat he wore, and by their gory stains. He is reported to have cultivated a strong taste for historical reading, and from his earliest boyhood to have entered with ardor into the study of our national affairs. He enlisted in the City Guards, at Lowell, three months before his death, on the occasion of the appearance of the General Order of that year from the Commonwealth headquarters, already alluded to, and known as Order No. 4; and he expressed his desire to join that company most likely to be called to active duty. By his youth he was