χέων ἐξῆλθεν, it is evident that both verbs were written in the more ancient copies which he used." LOBECK.

674. ἀναύδητον. SCHOL.: ἀπόῤῥητον, ἀνέλπιστον, ἄλεκτον. Erfurdt and Hermann edit αναύδατον, in correction of the reading of all the books and Suidas, s. "Αναυδον. φατίσαιμ ̓ ἄν. The MSS. and Suidas, 1. c., exhibit φατίξαιμ' ἄν. A similar Dorism is found in anapæstic verse at Æsch. Suppl. 39. See Jelf's Gr. Gr. 224. 3; Buttmann's Ausführl. Griech. Sprachl. 92, Anm. 67. The reading in the text is due to the emendation of Lobeck, and is adopted by all recent editors, except Neue and Schneider. εὖτέ γ' ἐξ αέλπτων. SCHOL.: ὁπότε ἐξ ἀνελπίστων καὶ μεγάλων νεικέων ὁ Αἴας μετεπείσθη καὶ μετεβλήθη τὴν ψυχὴν τοῖς ̓Ατρείδαις ἀπὸ τῆς ἐχθρᾶς. μετεβλήθη καὶ πέπαυται τοῦ θυμοῦ. The MSS. Flor. Γ. Ien. Lips. b. read εὖτ ̓ ἐξ. In the following verses, the MSS. Bodl. Laud. Ien. Aug. B. and Brunck's copies exhibit μετεγνώσθη. We have preferred the reading of the MSS. La. Lb. Γ. Δ. Lips. a. b. and Aldus. SUIDAS : Μετανεγνώσθη· μετεκείσθη, πέπαυται τοῦ θυμοῦ, ὡς καὶ μετέγνωσθη, Σοφο κλῆς εἶτ ̓ Αἴας ἐξ ἀέλπτων μετεγνώσθη θυμὸν ̓Ατρείδαις. HESYCHIUS: Μετανεγνώσθη, μετανεπείσθη, τὸ μεταπεῖσαι ἀναγνῶναι (scr. μεταναγνῶναι) φασί. Lastly, nearly all the MSS. and Aldus read θυμόν, which is retained by Brunck; the single exception being the MS. Par. 1, which has θυμόν τ', corrected by Hermann, θυμοῦ τ'. The true reading is in all probability θυμῶν, and that this is not, as emendation of Triclinius, is proved by the gloss, γρ. θυμῶν, appended to the margin of the MSS. Γ. The interpretation of the Scholiast, τὴν ψυχήν, supports the reading of the books, but more weight is due to the observation of Triclinius: οἱ γράφοντες θυμὸν τὸ μον μικρὸν οὐ καλῶς γράφουσι. μακρὰ γὰρ ὀφείλει εἶναι ἡ τοιαύτη συλλαβὴ, ὡς καὶ ἡ τοῦ κώλου τῆς στροφής. The employment of the plural is supported by Plat. Legg. XI. 934. A, Protag. 323. E, and many other passages referred to by Lobeck. The words ἐξ ἀλπτων are received by most editors in the sense of ἀνελπί. στως, ex insperato, and that many similar expressions were employed by later writers in this adverbial meaning is indisputably true. Cf. Julian. Or. ad Athen. p. 285. C, τοὺς ἐξ ἀνελπίστων ὀφθέντας φίλους. Appian. Civ. IV. 15, ἐπανήχθησαν ἐκ παραλόγων ἐπὶ στρατηγίας. Clian. V. Η. ΙΙ. 13, ἐκ τῶν ἐναντίων, e contrario. See Stephanus, Thes. Gr. T. I. 1856. Wesseling to Diodor. I. c. 46. In the more ancient writers, I nevertheless doubt whether the plural genitive is ever found for i diλTOU or ἀπροσδοκήτου and similar expressions. This doubt is not overthrown by the quotation of examples like Æsch. Suppl. 352, μὴ ἐξ ἀέλπτων κἀπρομηθή

many have asserted, a mere

των νεῖκος γένηται, Eur. Alkm. Fr. XI. 491, πολλά το θεός κἀκ τῶν αέλπτων εὔπορ ̓ ἀνθρώποις τελεῖ, where the sense is not insperato, but ex insperatis, in accordance with the strict signification of the words. How these two expressions differ will be evident at once, if, in Plat. Legg. XII. 950. D, πᾶσα δ ̓ ἐλπὶς ἐκ τῶν εἰκότων, we attempt to substitute the adverb εἰκότως. In a verse from Ion cited by Athen. I. 21. A, in cäv äiλ=TWY μᾶλλον ὤρχησεν φρένας, the interpretation of the words ἐκ τῶν ἀέλπτων by a mere adverb is equally inappropriate. Far more accurate is the opinion, that they are said in a pregnant sense for it ŵv ruūta ovn äàæicev, in the same manner as the corresponding expressions in Thuk. 3. 67, oùx ἐκ προσηκόντων ἁμαρτάνουσι, and Plutarch. V. Public. c. 14, τὰς τιμὰς ἐκ προσηκόντων ἔσχε. Ι ἐξ ἀέλπτων is unconnected with a case, we must join μετανεγνώσθη θυμῶν, as in Liban. Decl. T. IV. p. 753, μεταβάλλεσθαι τῆς πρότερον αἱρέσεως ; Plutarch. V. Marcell. c. 23, μεταβάλλειν τοῦ συνήθους καταστήματος ; Philostrat. V. Ap. IV. 38. p. 178, τοῦ ἤθους ; Ibid. VI. 11. 246, rãs dóžns; Procop. Ep. XXVIII. μstáteolas rñs yváμns; Priscus, Excc. Legg. p. 64. A, μscargśæsolai rõs yváμns; Lucian. Amorr. 4, μεθαρμόσασθαι τῆς συνήθους σπουδῆς, and many similar examples.” LOBECK. The citations in the above note fully prove that the plural, vuoi, frequently occurs in Attic prose, and more especially as we believe of sudden and violent outbreaks of passion; but there still appears room to doubt, conclusive as the above observations appear to Wunder, whether this indisputable fact really proves any thing in favor of its adoption in the case before us. Its employment may be further illustrated by the language of Eschylus in Aristophanes, Ran. 1044, buμoùs iæraßocious, which the Scholiast there explains by μεγάλους, ἀπὸ μεταφορᾶς τῆς ἀσπίδος Αἴαντος. The hesitation expressed by Lobeck as to the adverbial employment of the words diλv is well grounded, and although Matthiä, Gr. Gr. 574, asserts with great confidence that they are here so used, we must confess our wish that this had been corroborated by the production of a similar example from the writings of a classical Greek author. Cf. Wesseling to Hdt. 1. p. 56. 42; Jelf's Gr. Gr. 523, Obs. and Obs. Add. If we assume the statement to be true, we should then prefer the emendation of Hermann, buμou, and render, quoniam quidem Aiax ex insperato ab via et rixis in aliam erga Atridus voluntatem adductus est, because it appears to us impossible that any hearer could avoid connecting Tv buμav in listening to the delivery of this passage. By the expression άeλπτ buμoí, animi desperati, quos nulla spes est fidem habituros esse, the intensity of Aias's wrath is to be understood. HESY

CHIUS : ἄελπτοι, δεινοί. Compare Hymn. Hom. in Apoll. 91, Orph. Argon. 935, where this adjective is used in a very similar signification. That μετανεγνώσθη may be constructed with the preposition ix, as well as with the simple genitive, is evident from Plutarch, F. Sert. c. 25, μεταβαλὼν ἐκ τῆς πρότερον ἐπιεικείας. Hippokr. de Morbo, IV. 27. 617. C, μεταστρέψαι τινὰ ἐκ τῆς γνώμης. On the dative 'Ατρείδαις, see Jelf's Gr. Gr. 602. 3, Matthia, Gr. Gr. 387, and compare Hom. Il. 1. 204, χόλον ̓Αχιλῆν. Render, And I will for myself avow that there is nothing which may not be affirmed, since Aias has been diverted from his desperate wrath, and mighty feuds with the Atreidai.

677. Ανδρες φίλοι. SCHOL.: ἄγγελος ἥκει ἀπὸ τοῦ στρατοῦ, ἀγγέλλων τὴν παρουσίαν τοῦ Τεύκρου. Θαυμαστὴ δὲ ἡ εἴσοδος τούτου τοῦ ἀγγέλου· τοῦ Αἴαντος ἔξω ἑαυτὸν διαχειρουμένου, οὐκ εἶχον οἱ ἀπὸ τοῦ χοροῦ οὔτε ἡ Τέκμησσα γνῶναι τὸ πραχθέν· πιθανῶς οὖν ὁ ἄγγελος ἀπαγγείλας παρα σκευάζει αὐτοὺς ἐξιέναι κατὰ ζήτησιν· καὶ οὕτως ἐπιτεύξονται τῷ πτώματι. δεξιῶς δὲ καὶ τὸ τὸν Κάλχαντα μαθεῖν· οἰκεῖον γὰρ τῷ μάντει· καλῶς δὲ καὶ τὰ τῆς σκηνῆς ἐσκεύασται. Αἴαντος γὰρ καταλιπόντος, προῆλθεν ὁ ἄγγελος · εἶτα τοῦ χοροῦ τὴν σκηνὴν ἐάσαντος διὰ τὴν ζήτησιν, ἔξεισιν ὁ Αἴας ἐπὶ τὴν πρᾶξιν· τῷ δὲ θεατῇ οὐδὲν ἀργὸν περιλείπεται, πεποικιλμένης διαφόρως τῆς ἐν τῇ σκηνῇ προσωποποιΐας. The reading of the manuscripts is τοπρῶτον. Musgrave, comparing Eur. Elektr. 230, ζῆ. πρῶτα γάρ σοι τἀγαθ ̓ ἀγγέλο λειν θέλω, and Ed. Tyr. 958, εἰ τοῦτο πρῶτον δεῖ μὲ ἀπαγγεῖλαι σαφῶς, . εὖ ἴσθ ̓ ἐκεῖνον θανάσιμον βεβηκότα, emends ἄνδρες, φίλον τὸ πρῶτον, κ. τ. λ., which is approved by Hermann, who observes, that messengers were accustomed to preface the intelligence they came to impart by the employment of words of joyous import, and to reserve till a subsequent period the communication of tidings of evil omen. We think no alteration necessary, and that the introduction of the words ἀγγεῖλαι θέλω, followed by the oratio recta, are finely adapted to the character of the speaker as a homo plebejus, and his anxiety to communicate to the Chorus the welcome news of Teukros's arrival. We have precisely the same ἀγοραία φαυλότης in his language below, v. 706. So, too, from the loose grammatical connection and more colloquial style of the language employed by the Sentinel in the Antigone (vv. 238, 245), and the Emporos in the Philoktetes (vv. 591, 603), we must observe, that Sophokles has used these characters in nearly the same way as Shakspeare employs his clowns, by way of contrast to the elevated and tragic tone of the phraseology ascribed to the more exalted personages of his plays. Sufficient deference is paid to the usage alluded to by Musgrave in the words "Ανδρες φίλοι. Lobeck places a

hyphen after the word τοπρῶτον, (sic) in order to denote ante omnia nunciabo vobis, Teucer adest. It is to be observed, however, that whilst the word grov standing per se would signify prius quam alia dicam, the employment of the article imparts this force, quod primum est et potissimum, nunciare volo Teucrum venisse.

679. στρατήγιον. SCHOL. : τὸ στρατόπεδον ̓Αττικῶς. This is erroneous. The word itself signifies the pratorium, σκηνὴ στρατηγίς, Paus. IV. 19. 1, and the expression μέσον στρατήγιον denotes the large and open space answering to what Polybios calls the περίστασις στρατηγίου of the Roman camp in which the tent of the Atreidai was placed.

680. Κυδάζεται. SCHOL.: λοιδορεῖται, ὑβρίζεται ὑπὸ πάντων. καὶ Ἐπίχαρμος ἐν ̓Αμύκῳ· "Αμυκε, μὴ κύδαζέ μοι τὸν πρεσβύτερον ἀδελφεόν. καὶ Αἰσχύλος ἐν Ιφιγενείᾳ· Οὗτοι γυναιξὶ δεῖ κυδάζεσθαι· τί γάρ; ἀρσενικῶς δὲ ὁ κύδος ἐπὶ τῆς ὑβρέως. The same testimony is given by the Scholiasts to Apollon. Rhod. I. 1337, and Ar. Nub. 618; Etym. M. p. 325. 3; Eustathius, p. 790. 40. See Liddell and Scott, s. vv. Κυδάζω and Κυδαίνω. 681. Στείχοντα .... ἀμφέστησαν. 'It is scarcely necessary to observe, that these words must be connected as follows: πρόσωθεν γὰρ στείχοντα αὐτὸν μαθόντες ἀμφέστησαν ἐν κύκλῳ.” WUNDER.

682. ὀνείδεσιν ἤρασσον. On the instrumental dative, see note to v. 476, supra, Jelf's Gr. Gr. 607, and compare v. 1182, infra, κακοῖς βαλεῖτε ; Philokt. 374, κἀγὼ χολωθεὶς εὐθὺς ἤρασσον κακοῖς τοῖς πᾶσιν ; Ar. Nub. 1373, ἐξαράττω πολλοῖς κακοῖς καἰσχροῖσι. οὔτις ἔσθ ̓ ὅς οὔ. Equiv

alent to πάντες, nemo non. See Jelf's Gr. Gr. 824. 2; Matthiä, Gr. Gr. 483; Elmsley to Eur. Med. p. 374.

684. κἀπιβουλευτοῦ στρατοῦ. “ We should prefer κἀπιβουλευτοῦ στρατῷ. Compare v. 999, infra, Ὅστις στρατῷ ξύμπαντι βούλευσας φόνον. Verbale casum verbi sui regit, quod utriusque linguæ scriptoribus solenne est. These are Brunck's words, in his note on Antig. 877. Those readers to whom this construction is not familiar may obtain all the information respecting it which they can desire, by examining the passages quoted by Hermann, in his notes on Viger, n. 47." ELMSLEY. That there is no objection to the construction with the genitive is apparent from Eur. Med. 478, Iph. Taur. 17, and other passages cited by Lobeck ; and that homeoteleuton, or similarity of termination, is not shunned by the Tragedians is shown by Cd. Kol. 1010, τάσδε τὰς θεάς, (Ed. Τyr. 533, 1481, Esch. Prom. 371, Pers. 502, and frequently elsewhere.

685, ὡς οὐκ ἀρκέσοι. ScHoL : ἐπὶ τοῦ Τεύκρου· ὡς οὐκ ἐπαρκέσοι ἑαυ τῷ τὸ μὴ λιθόλευστος γένεσθαι· ὡς οὐ κωλύσει αὐτὸν καταλιθωθῆναι. [Εἰς τὸ

αὐτό.] κωλύσοι.

Brunck and Schäfer follow the MSS. Barocc. A. B. Mosq. b. Ien. and the recension of Triclinius, which exhibit agnir. The optative is defended by the authority of the best manuscripts, Suidas s. v. 'soux, and the justa modorum consecutio, since the clause in which it occurs is dependent upon a verb of past time, the construction being vsὀνειδίζοντες ἔλεγον, see Hermann ad Vig. p. 875), ὡς οὐκ

δεσιν ἤρασσον ἀρκέσοι.

=

On the manner in which the adjectival pronoun as is here employed, see note to v. 262, supra.

....

687. Ὥστε . . . . ἦλθον. The indicative follows ὥστε when, apart from the idea of purpose, it introduces the statement of a consequence ensuing upon the action of the principal verb as an actual reality; the infinitive, when this result is conceived as belonging directly to the nature of the finite verb, or as an effect produced in conformity to the notion or idea it may express. For appropriate instances in illustration, see Jelf's Gr. Gr.

863. 1. 2 sqq.

688. Κολεῶν.

Gr. Gr. 530. 1.

On the genitive, see Wunder to Philokt. 613; Jelf's

See

689. δραμοῦσα τοῦ προσωτάτω. “ Ι. e. εἰς τοὔσχατον ἐλθοῦσα, having proceeded to the utmost length. Lobeck quotes, in illustration of the construction, Xen. Anab. 1. 3. 1, ¡íva. To zgóow, Arrian. Alex. II. 6. 7, #goIevas Tou Tgóow, and several analogous instances from Philostratos. Matthia, Gr. Gr. 350." WUNDER. Add Xen. Anab. 5. 4. 30, śwogsÚOVTO To goow; Siebelis ad Paus. T. II. 624. Another, and perhaps preferaany, according to Hom. Il. 6.

ble, mode is to construct the genitive with 107, 'Agysios ....λñžav póvoso, in the following sense: But the strife, in its hasty course, stops short of the farthest point (i. e. bloodshed, or the death of Teukros by the sword or stoning), in consequence of words of conciliation from the elders. See Jelf's Gr. Gr. 514.

690. 'Avdgav λόγου. Equivalent to τῶν γερόντων συναλλασσόντων auroùs dià xóywv. On the double genitive, see note to v. 53 sq.; Matthia, Gr. Gr. 380, Obs. 1; and with the phraseology, compare Eur. Suppl. 602, λόγων ξυναλλαγαῖς.

691. ἡμίν. "Sophokles, alone of the Tragedians, shortens the second syllable of and uv, as Porson teaches in his Preface to the Hekuba, p. xxxvii. He has done so forty-two times in his tragedies, extra melica, but has lengthened it before a vowel several times from necessity, as at Ed. Tyr. 631, Ed. Kol. 826, Trach. 1273, Aj. 689, Elektr. 255, 454, 1381, in all which Porson thinks emendation necessary. As to the accentuation of the shortened form, some would have us write

v and μv,