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"Thousands of aliens are coming across the borders with no one trying to stop them," Schulte added. "That's a serious charge to make, I know, but I make it." Representative Dempsey (Democrat, New Mexico), a member of the Rules Committee, told the group that a former head of the patrol on the Canadian border had informed the House committee investigating un-American activities that he and his entire division of 69 men had been dropped from the service shortly after Secretary of Labor Perkins took office. The Immigration and Naturalization Service is a Labor Department Bureau.

WORST RASCAL HOUSE

"They had been deporting about 7,000 aliens annually," Dempsey said, "and that figure has now dropped to about 8,000."

When Rules Committee members questioned why the Labor Department was not coping with the alien smuggling problem, Representative Cox (Democrat, Georgia) interposed:

"You don't expect any real effort on the part of that Department to enforce the immigration laws, do you?”

The article goes on:

The Rules Committee deferred action on Dickstein's request.

The Rules Committee that afternoon reported the measure favorably that directed a special investigation of alien smuggling and other alien matters as a result of Chairman Dickstein's statement.

Without taking the time of the committee to read it, Mr. Chairman, I have here also a clipping from the New York Sun, known for its accurate news reporting, headed "Illegal Alien Flood Charged," and carrying a subheading "Coming in by Millions, House Group Hears." This is from the New York Sun of March 7, 1939. I should like to have that embodied in the record.

Also, there is another clipping entitled "Warns on Measures to Admit Refugees," from the New York Times of February 27, 1939, that tells of unlawful alien entries. The subtitle reads "Celler Says Opposition in South and West is Too Strong."

Senator HERRING. If there is no objection, they will be incorporated in the record at this point.

(The two clippings above referred to are here set forth in full, as follows:)

[From New York Sun, March 7, 1939]

ILLEGAL ALIEN FLOOD CHARGED COMING IN BY MILLIONS, HOUSE GROUP HEARSDICKSTEIN WANTS INQUIRY-INDIANAN SAYS THOUSANDS COME ACROSS FROM CANADA

Washington, March 7 (Associated Press).—The House Rules Committee heard testimony today that "well-organized" groups were smuggling “millions" of aliens into the United States annually.

Representative Dickstein, Democrat, of New York, chairman of the House Immigration Committee, made the statement in asking legislative right-of-way for a measure to empower his committee to ask a thorough study of the subject aimed at revision of the immigration and naturalization laws.

He said the practices of certain steamship companies and captains in overmanning their ships would receive particular attention. As an example of how some aliens are smuggled into the country, he said a ship which could be operated by 700 men comes in with 950 crew members and the surplus deserts.

"These extra men are not sailors," he asserted. "They are put there for a price."

Representative Schulte, Democrat, of Indiana, a member of Mr. Dickstein's committee, testified that "a great many captains are being paid $25 to $50 a head" for every alien they bring in illegally.

"Thousands of aliens are coming across the borders with no one trying to stop them," he added, "That's a serious charge to make, but I make it."

Representative Dempsey, Democrat, of New Mexico, a member of the Rules Committee, told the group that a former head of the patrol on the Canadian

border had informed the House committee investigating un-American activities that he and his entire division of 69 men had been dropped from the Service shortly after Secretary of Labor Perkins took office. The Immigration and Naturalization Service is a Labor Department Bureau.

"They had been deporting about 17,000 aliens annually," he said, "and that figure has now dropped to about 8,000."

"When members of the Rules Committee asked why the Department of Labor was not coping with the alien smuggling problem, Representative Cox, Democrat, of Georgia, interposed: "You don't expect any real effort on the part of that Department, to enforce the immigration laws, do you?”

[From New York Times, March 7, 1939]

WARNS OF MEASURES TO ADMIT REFUGEES CELLER SAYS OPPOSITION IN SOUTH AND WEST IS TOO STRONG

Representative Edmund Celler, speaking, yesterday, at the third annual conference of the American Committee for Protection of Foreign-born, told the delegates it would be dangerous at this time because of public opinion in the South and West to press for the passage in Congress of his bills to give asylum in the United States to refugees and to reallot for refugees the unused quotas of various countries. The meeting was held at the Hotel Pennsylvania.

Mr. Celler said he had been warned by representatives from other parts of the country that if he tried to bring his bills out of the committee of the whole other bills to cut the quotas in half or to stop all immigration would be introduced and probably passed. He urged the delegates, representing 110 organizations, to organize all support for bills to aid refugees and to conduct a wide radio and publicity campaign to educate the public "in your direction."

He praised the Roosevelt administration for having admitted 20,000 nonquota German and Austrian refugees over the limit of 28,000. He said 5,000 more had entered illegally and that he was trying to help 250 of these to remain in the country.

James Waterman Wise announced a meeting would be held Friday night in Carnegie Hall by the Council Against Intolerance in America as an answer to the "shameful blot on New York history" caused by the meeting of the GermanAmerican Bund a week ago. Representative Bruce Barton, Lieutenant Governor Poletti, John Haynes Holmes, George Gordon Battle, and others will speak, he said.

Mr. SHAUGHNESSY. Mr. Chairman, I should like to make a brief statement on that subject.

Senator REYNOLDS. Of course, we have no objection, but

Mr. SHAUGHNESSY. I should like to say a word with reference to the statement that "millions are coming in."

A day or two after that report appeared, at a meeting of the House Immigration Committee, for the purpose of having the record clear, the chairman of that committee told the committee that he had been erroneously reported when the matter was talked over before the Rules Committee, in support of the Schulte resolution to make an investigation of the immigration situation. He denied having made the statement that millions were coming in illegally. That, Mr. Chairman, is a matter of record.

Mr. HOUGHTELING. Yes. Where on earth do you think the millions would come from?

Mr. SHAUGHNESSY. I can support the statement of the chairman of the House Immigration Committee to the effect that he was erroneously reported as saying that millions were coming into this country illegally.

Senator REYNOLDS. As a matter of fact, since you have stated to the committee that he told you that was an erroneous report that he said millions were coming in, we will accept your word for it that he did not use those three words, but there are many more definite statements, and something of the kind must have been said to induce

the Rules Committee to report a resolution to investigate alien smuggling.

Mr. HOUGHTELING. Mr. Chairman, in view of the fact that that is an attack on my service-this statement that many millions are coming into this country illegally-may I ask where they would come from? On the face of it it is absurd.

Let me point out that a steamship company is liable to a $1,000 fine if it lands an alien illegally in this country. Some do get in, of course. Some get past the steamship people and the Immigration Service. We get most of them, however.

The illegal entry of alien seamen who enlist as members of a ship's crew and then desert when the ship reaches port and stay in this country, is a problem but not a large or serious one. It is also true, as I have explained, that some people who come here on visitors' visas remain illegally. But there is not much continuous smuggling. We break up most of the smuggling gangs.

As to illegal entries of non-Canadians from Canada, they come in very small numbers, because the Canadian Government does not allow many aliens to come into Canada. Its immigration laws are just as strict as our own and it has very few seaports to guard.

The question of Canadians coming into this country illegally is not a serious matter. There being no quota from Canada, we get from eight to fourteen thousand legal immigrants a year, who pay their head tax and thereby are saved from the danger of being picked up by the Immigration Service and shipped back. There is no real incentive for the average Canadian to come into this country as an illegal entrant.

Mexico is not such a difficult proposition, either. Of course, it has a long frontier, but the States along the border help us a great deal to pick up those who come in illegally. Some of the smuggling into this country is done through Florida. Comparatively little is done from Cuba. There are only about 2,500 German aliens in Cuba at the present time, according to our consular service reports.

There is constantly a small seepage of Chinese and Syrians and others, but our border patrol is able to take care of them.

But to talk of millions of aliens coming in is sheer nonsense. Senator REYNOLDS. You said, if I understood you, that the records of the Consular Service show there are 2,500 German refugees in Cuba?

Mr. HOUGHTELING. No, I did not say "refugees." I said German aliens.

Senator REYNOLDS. Are the 2,500 German aliens in Cuba coming into the United States?

Mr. HOUGHTELING. Not if we can help it.

Senator REYNOLDS. As to those aliens from foreign countries now in Cuba to the number of 2,500: Do such aliens gain admission to the United States by a visa issued by the American consul in Cuba, which will admit them as permanent residents?

Mr. HOUGHTELING. No. The provisions of the 1924 Quota Act for the admission of immigrants into the United States are based on the place of birth of the alien. For example, an alien born in Germany has to come in under the German quota. An alien from Austria, well, of course, he would come in under the German quota.

Senator REYNOLDS. They come in under the German quota using Cuba as a threshold or "subterranean" way station, apparently, to the United States.

Mr. HOUGHTELING. Our consul in Cuba writes to the quota-control officer for the German quota, the United States consul in Berlin, to find out whether a German applicant in Cuba can get a place on the quota, or, in case he has already applied, whether his place on the waiting list is reached. If they can qualify under the 1917 Immigration Act, and can get a place on the German quota, they can then come in legally.

Senator REYNOLDS. Why do they go from Germany to Cuba and then come from Cuba here, unless it is, as alleged at the House Rules Committee, to smuggle into our country? Chairman Dickstein is reported to have told the Rules Committee that aliens are being smuggled in "in burlap bags," and even thrown overboard if the smuggling speedboat is intercepted.

Mr. HOUGHTELING. A great many of them were in concentration camps in Germany, and upon their release it was specified that they should leave the country immediately.

Senator HERRING. They wanted to get into America, but they wanted to get out of Germany quickly.

Senator REYNOLDS. I desire to present Captain Trevor as our first proponent and witness.

Senator HERRING. I think that Mr. Emerson is the next on our list.

Senator REYNOLDS. Is he for the opposition?

Senator HERRING. He is the representative of the maritime unions. We have them here in order. I think it might be better to hear these persons first. Then we will reach your list.

Senator REYNOLDS. That is very satisfactory, Mr. Chairman. Before you call Mr. Emerson, Mr. Chairman, I should like to submit for the record a photostatic copy of pages from the New York Times and New York Herald-Tribune, containing advertisements by foreign refugees for employment.

(The matter referred to is here set forth in full as follows:)

[From New York Herald Tribune, Sunday, November 13, 1938]

POSITIONS WANTED, DOMESTIC-WOMEN

Agile, Viennese Jewish couple, modest, 50's, commercial training, wife competent in household, seek any kind of employment. Passage money and landing requirements available. Rudolf Faerber, Vienna 14, Stiegergasse 5a, Germany. Agile, Viennese Jewish couple, modest, 55, commercial training, wife competent in household, seek any kind of employment. Passage money and landing requirements available. Arthur Kerpen, Vienna, 14, Stiegergasse 5a, Germany.

POSITIONS WANTED-WOMEN

Viennese Jewess, best family, medically qualified kindergarten teacher and infant nurse, piano teacher, graduate Viennese high school for music, competent in household, speaks English, seeks post in United States of America. Stella Herzl, Vienna 1X, Porzellangasse 53.

Young student of applied art, experienced Diamand, Vienna, Boecklinstr. 114, and young dressmaker, Schwarcz, Vienna, Brunnlbadgasse 18, seek posts. Testimonials.

139737-39-5

[From New York Times, December 18, 1938]

SITUATIONS WANTED-MALE

Watchmaker, very good worker; German refugee; seeks position; fine references. SEdgwick 3-1400.

Austrian refugee, 28, single, textile mill experience, four languages, intelligent, accepts any position; low salary. B 417 Times.

HOUSEHOLD SITUATIONS WANTED-FEMALE

Woman, young Jewish refugee, now here, housework by hour, willing, Washington Heights preferred. A. Kahn, 248 Audubon Ave.

Woman, German-Jewish, middle age; housework, part time; references. 612 West 112th St. Monument 2-9161.

Young German woman, refugee, speaks English, wishes position as companion to lady; refined, reliable; references. D 102 Times.

HOUSEHOLD HELP WANTED-FEMALE

German-Jewish refugee, now here; as general houseworker, must have knowledge of cooking; English speaking; references. 50 Riverside Drive (6D), call

after 1.

HOUSEHOLD SITUATION WANTED-MALE

German refugee, does any kind of work, experienced butcher. Write 3383 Broadway.

[From New York Times, February 8, 1939]

Housekeeper, 10 months' experience here; German-Jewish; sleep out. O 548

Times.

[From New York Times, February 14, 1939]

SITUATIONS WANTED MALE

High type German refugee, now here; would do anything; highest recommendations. Simon Kaufman, 508 West One hundred and thirty-ninth, Apartment 52.

[From New York Times, March 12, 1939]

TUTORS AND PRIVATE INSTRUCTION

Jewish-German high school teacher, teaches French, Spanish, Portuguese, English, Italian, German, and translates. J 206 Times.

[From New York Times, Wednesday, February 15, 1939]

HOUSEHOLD HELP WANTED FEMALE

Maid, German refugee (here), English speaking. Bergner, BArclay 7-8280 (between 4-6).

HOUSEHOLD SITUATIONS WANTED-FEMALE

Companion to lady, receptionist, young Viennese, attractive personality, languages, good background, beautician, sewing, cooking. Schuyler 4-9836. L. Than.

[From New York Times, February 16, 1939]

HOUSEHOLD HELP WANTED FEMALE

Maid, German refugee (here), English speaking. Bergner. BArclay 7-8280 (between 4-6).

HOUSEHOLD SITUATIONS WANTED MALE

Couple, German-Jewish; cook, butler, handyman; country or city. Call NAvarre 8-3562.

[From New York Times, February 17, 1939]

་ ་

HOUSEHOLD HELP WANTED FEMALE

Maid, German refugee (here), English speaking. Bergner. BArclay 7-8280 (between 4-6).

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