Whereas the people of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia find themselves today subju gated by the U.S.S.R., locked into a union they deplore, denied basic human rights, and persecuted for daring to protest; Whereas the U.S.S.R. refuses to abide by the Helsinki accords which the U.S.S.R. voluntarily signed; Whereas the United States as a member of the United Nations has repeatedly voted with a majority of that international body to uphold the right of other countries of the world to determine their fates and be free of foreign domination; Whereas the U.S.S.R. has steadfastly refused to return to the people of the Baltic States of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia the right to exist as independent republics separate and apart from the U.S.S.R. or permit a return of personal, political, and religious freedoms; and Whereas 1986 marks the forty-sixth anniversary of the United States continued policy of nonrecognition of the illegal forcible occupation of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia by the U.S.S.R.: Now, therefore, be it Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of Amer ica in Congress assembled, That (1) the Congress recognizes the continuing desire and the right of the people of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia for freedom and independence from the domi nation of the U.S.S.R.; (2) the Congress deplores the refusal of the U.S.S.R. to recognize the sovereignty of the Baltic Republics and to yield to their rightful demands for inde pendence from foreign domination and oppression; (3) the Congress reaffirms the indictment against the U.S.S.R. of the Copenhagen Manifesto signed by the Baltic Tribunal on July 26, 1985, by Doctor Theodor Veiter, Reverend Michael Bourdeaux, Sir James Fawcett, Per Ahlmark, and Jean Marie Daillet; (4) the fourteenth day of June 1986, the anniversary of the mass deportation of Baltic peoples from their homelands in 1941, be designated "Baltic Freedom Day" as a symbol of the solidarity of the American people with the aspirations of the enslaved Baltic people; and (5) the President of the United States be authorized and requested to issue a proclamation for the observance of Baltic Freedom Day with appropriate cere monies and activities and to submit the issue of the Baltic Republics to the United Nations so that the issue of Baltic self-determination will be brought to the attention of the United Nations General Assembly. Approved May 28, 1986. Legislative history: Congressional Record, Vol. 132 (1986): Feb. 27, considered and passed Senate. PUBLIC LAW 99-354 [S.J. Res. 365] JOINT RESOLUTION Welcoming the Afghan Alliance. Whereas more than one hundred and twenty thousand Soviet troops currently remain in Afghanistan as a result of their illegal invasion in December of 1979; Whereas these forces have decimated the nation of Afghanistan directly causing the largest refugee population in the world, with three million Afghans living in exile in Pakistan; over one million war-related casualties; the internal displacement of hundreds of thousands of Afghans; and deprivation and suffering for the majority of Afghanistan's population; Whereas the most recent United Nations Human Rights Commission report concludes that the continuation of a military solution in Afghanistan will "lead inevitably to a situation approaching genocide"; Whereas the international community has repeatedly condemned the continued Soviet occupation of Afghanistan and has in seven resolutions approved by the United Nations General Assembly called for "the immediate withdrawal of for eign troops from Afghanistan"; Whereas the Afghan Mujahideen have valiantly resisted the Soviet forces for more than six years, and have inspired freedom loving people throughout the world with their courage and determination; Whereas on May 16, 1985, the Afghan resistance took an historic step by forming the Islamic Unity of Afghan Mujahideen, representing a unified coalition of the major Afghan organizations dedicated to ending the Soviet occupation; Whereas during the week of June 15, 1986, the current spokesman of this alliance will travel to the United States on behalf of the Afghan people to meet with the President and senior American officials: Now, therefore, be it Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the United States (1) reaffirms its support for the valiant struggle of the Afghan people; and (2) welcomes the delegation of the Islamic Unity of Afghan Mujahideen led by Spokesman Burhanuddin Rabbani on the occasion of his first official visit to the United States of America. Approved July 2, 1986. Legislative history: Congressional Record, Vol. 132 (1986): June 18, considered and passed Senate. PUBLIC LAW 99-369 [H.R. 4985] AN ACT To authorize the distribution within the United States of the USIA film entitled "The March". Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. DISTRIBUTION WITHIN THE UNITED STATES OF THE USIA FILM ENTITLED “THE MARCH". Notwithstanding section 208 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 and the second sentence of section 501 of the United States Information and Education Exchange Act of 1948 (22 U.S.C. 1461)— (1) the Director of the United States Information Agency shall make available to the Archivist of the United States a master copy of the film entitled "The March"; and (2) upon evidence that necessary United States rights and licenses have been secured and paid for by the person seeking domestic release of the film, the Archivist shall reimburse the Director for any expenses of the Agency in making that master copy available, shall deposit that film in the National Archives of the United States, and shall make copies of that film available for purchase and public viewing in the United States. Any reimbursement to the Director pursuant to this section shall be credited to the applicable appropriation of the United States Information Agency. Approved August 1, 1986. Legislative history: Congressional Record, Vol. 132 (1986): July 15, considered and passed House. PUBLIC LAW 99-374 [S.J. Res. 371] JOINT RESOLUTION To designate August 1, 1986, as "Helsinki Human Rights Day". Whereas August 1, 1986, will be the eleventh anniversary of the signing of the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (hereafter in this preamble referred to as the "Helsinki Accords"); Whereas on August 1, 1975, the Helsinki Accords were agreed to by the Governments of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, the German Democratic Republic, the Federal Republic of Germany, Greece, the Holy See, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, San Marino, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, and Yugoslavia; Whereas the Helsinki Accords express the commitment of the participating States to "respect human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the freedom of thought, conscience, religion or belief, for all without distinction as to race, sex, language or religion"; Whereas the Helsinki Accords also express the commitment of the participating States to "promote and encourage the effective exercise of civil, political, economic, social, cultural and other rights and freedoms all of which derive from the inherent dignity of the human person and are essential for his free and full development"; Whereas the Helsinki Accords also express the commitment of the participating States to "recognize and respect the freedom of the individual to profess and practise, alone or in community with others, religion or belief acting in accordance with the dictates of his own conscience"; Whereas the Helsinki Accords also express the commitment of the participating States in whose territory national minorities exist to "respect the right of per sons belonging to such minorities to equality before the law" and that such States "will afford them the full opportunity for the actual enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms and will, in this manner, protect their legitimate interests in this sphere"; Whereas the Helsinki Accords also express the commitment of the participating States to "recognize the universal significance of human rights and fundamental freedoms, respect for which is an essential factor for the peace, justice and well-being necessary to ensure the development of friendly relations and cooperation among themselves as among all States"; Whereas the Helsinki Accords also express the commitment of the participating States to "constantly respect these rights and freedoms in their mutual relations" and that such States "will endeavor jointly and separately, including in cooperation with the United Nations, to promote universal and effective respect for them"; Whereas the Helsinki Accords also express the commitment of the participating States to "confirm the right of the individual to know and act upon his rights and duties in this field"; Whereas the Helsinki Accords also express the commitment of the participating States in the field of human rights and fundamental freedoms to "act in conformity with the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights" and to "fulfill their obligations as set forth in the international declarations and agreements in this field, including inter alia the International Covenants on Human Rights, by which they may be bound"; Whereas the Helsinki Accords also express the commitment of the participating States to "facilitate freer movement and contacts, individually and collectively, whether privately or officially, among persons, institutions and organizations of the participating States, and to contribute to the solution of the humanitarian problems that arise in that connection"; Whereas the Helsinki Accords also express the commitment of the participating States to "favorably consider applications for travel with the purpose of allowing persons to enter or leave their territory temporarily, and on a regular basis if desired, in order to visit members of their families"; Whereas the Helsinki Accords also express the commitment of the participating States to "deal in a positive and humanitarian spirit with the applications of persons who wish to be reunited with members of their family" and "to deal with applications in this field as expeditiously as possible"; Whereas the Helsinki Accords also express the commitment of the participating States to "examine favorably and on the basis of humanitarian considerations requests for exit or entry permits from persons who have decided to marry a citizen from another participating State"; Whereas the Helsinki Accords also express the commitment of the participating States to "facilitate wider travel by their citizens for personal or professional reasons"; Whereas the Governments of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, the German Democratic Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Romania, in agreeing to the Helsinki Accords, have acknowledged an adherence to the principles of human rights and fundamental freedoms as embodied in the Helsinki Accords; Whereas the aforementioned Governments have violated their commitments to the Helsinki Accords by denying individuals their inherent rights to freedom of religion, thought, conscience, and belief; Whereas the aforementioned Governments have violated their commitments to the Helsinki Accords by restricting the freer movement of people, ideas, and information; Whereas the concluding document of the Madrid Review Conference of September 9, 1983, called for the Ottawa Human Rights Experts Meeting, the Budapest Cultural Forum, and the Bern Human Contacts Experts Meeting to discuss questions concerning respect for human rights and cooperation in humanitarian fields as embodied in the Helsinki Accords; Whereas these meetings, which were attended by representatives from all the signatory States, presented important opportunities to address issues of compliance with the human rights and humanitarian provisions of the Helsinki Accords; and Whereas in November 1986 representatives from the signatory States will be meeting in Vienna to review implementation of the Helsinki Accords, including the human rights and humanitarian provisions: Now, therefore, be it Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That (1) August 1, 1986, the eleventh anniversary of the signing of the Helsinki Accords is designated as "Helsinki Human Rights Day"; (2) the President is authorized and requested to issue a proclamation reasserting the American commitment to full implementation of the human rights and humanitarian provisions of the Helsinki Accords, urging all signatory nations to abide by their obligations under the Helsinki Accords, and encouraging the people of the United States to join the President and Congress in observance of Helsinki Human Rights Day with appropriate programs, ceremonies, and activities; (3) the President is further requested to continue his efforts to achieve full implementation of the human rights provisions of the Helsinki Accords by raising the issue of noncompliance with the Governments of the Soviet Union, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, the German Democratic Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Romania at every available opportunity; (4) the President is further requested to convey to all signatories of the Helsinki Accords that respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms is a vital element of further progress in the ongoing Helsinki process; and (5) the President is authorized to convey to allies and friends of the United States that unity on the question of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms is the most effective means to promote the full implementation of the human rights and humanitarian provisions of the Helsinki Accords. SEC. 2. The Secretary of the Senate is directed to transmit copies of this joint resolution to the President, the Secretary of State, and the Ambassadors of the thirtyfour Helsinki signatory nations. Approved August 6, 1986. Legislative history: Congressional Record, Vol. 132 (1986): July 23, considered and passed Senate. PUBLIC LAW 99-378 [S.J. Res. 356] JOINT RESOLUTION To recognize and support the efforts of the United States Committee for the Battle of Normandy Museum to encourage American awareness and participation in development of a memorial to the Battle of Normandy. Whereas the battle fought in Normandy, France, in the summer months of 1944 was the largest land battle in history and considered by many to be the turning point of World War II in Europe; Whereas the Battle of Normandy is one of the first examples of successful Allied military efforts to defend liberty and perpetuate freedom; Whereas the people of France are creating a memorial museum and study center in Normandy to commemorate the Allied effort and provide future generations of students and others an opportunity to study and understand the causes of the European conflict and the role played by the Allied Governments and military forces in the successful resolution of that conflict; and Whereas a United States Committee for the Battle of Normandy Museum has been created to inform Americans and encourage support of the museum and study center: Now, therefore, be it Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of Amer ica in Congress assembled, That the United States Congress recognizes and supports the historic and educational purposes to be served by the museum and study center in Normandy, France, and of the United States Committee for the Battle of Normandy Museum to encourage understanding of and support among Americans for such an important memorial. Approved August 8, 1986. Legislative history: Congressional Record, Vol. 132 (1986): July 23, considered and passed Senate. PUBLIC LAW 99-393 [H.J. Res. 630] JOINT RESOLUTION Designating the College of William and Mary as the official United States representative to the Tercentenary Celebration of the Glorious Revolution to be celebrated jointly in the United States, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. Whereas the years 1988-1989 signify the three hundredth anniversary of the accession of King William III and Queen Mary II to the throne of England; Whereas the Governments of the Netherlands and the United Kingdom have estab lished a William and Mary Tercentenary Committee for the purposes of cele brating this event in all appropriate ways, including historical, educational, horticultural, maritime, artistic, scientific, and performing arts activities; Whereas the Tercentenary Committee has invited the College of William and Mary in Virginia, founded by their Joint Majesties under a royal charter granted in 1693, to be the New World representatives of the William and Mary Tercente nary celebration; Whereas the historical and cultural ties of the 1688-1689 period to the constitutional history of the United States of America are profound, including the beginnings of the limited and constitutional government and the establishment of the English Bill of Rights; and Whereas the College of William and Mary desires to organize and participate in celebrations relating to the Tercentenary in this country and in the Netherlands and United Kingdom as appropriate: Now, therefore, be it Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of Amer ica in Congress assembled, That the College of William and Mary in Virginia is hereby designated as the coordinating body for the 1988-1989 celebrations relating to the world of William and Mary and its relationship to the former British colonies in America now known as the United States of America. Approved August 23, 1986. Legislative history: Congressional Record, Vol. 132 (1986): July 28, considered and passed House. PUBLIC LAW 99-399 (H.R. 4151] AN ACT To provide enhanced diplomatic security and combat international terrorism, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the "Omnibus Diplomatic Security and Antiterrorism Act of 1986". SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS. The table of contents of this Act is as follows: Sec. 1. Short title. Sec. 2. Table of contents. TITLE I-DIPLOMATIC SECURITY Sec. 101. Short title. Sec. 102. Findings and purposes. |