(C) what steps will be taken to ensure that such activities will not happen in the future. SEC. 1202. EMIGRATION OF JEWS AND OTHERS WHO WISH TO EMIGRATE FROM THE SOVIET UNION. It is the sense of the Congress that the Government of the Soviet Union should— (1) permit the emigration of Jews and others who wish to emigrate from the Soviet Union; (2) remove restrictions on the practice of religion and the exercise of cultural rights; and (3) cease the official harassment of individuals who wish to emigrate, practice their religion, exercise their cultural rights, or engage in free intellectual pursuits. SEC. 1203. SYSTEMATIC NONDELIVERY OF INTERNATIONAL MAIL ADDRESSED TO CERTAIN PERSONS RESIDING WITHIN THE SOVIET UNION. It is the sense of the Congress that (1) the President should express to the Government of the Soviet Union the disapproval of the United States regarding the systematic nondelivery of international mail; and (2) at the Congress of the Universal Postal Union in Washington, District of Columbia, in 1989, the Department of State should bring to the attention of other member countries of the Universal Postal Union patterns of nondelivery of international mail by the Soviet Union contrary to the Acts of the Universal Postal Union and the delegation of the United States should ask other member countries to support the adoption of amendments to the Universal Postal Convention and other measures to encourage improved postal performance by the Soviet Union. SEC. 1204. UNITED STATES POLICY AGAINST PERSECUTION OF CHRISTIANS IN EASTERN EUROPE AND THE SOVIET UNION. It is the sense of the Congress that— (1) the President should continue to express to the governments of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and Eastern European countries the deep concern and opposition of the United States with respect to the harassment of Christians and other religious believers; (2) the governments of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and Eastern European countries should comply with their commitments under the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenants on Human Rights, the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, and the Madrid Concluding Document; and (3) the governments of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and Eastern European countries should immediately cease persecuting individuals on the basis of their faith and should afford Christians and other believers their internationally recognized right to freedom of religion. SEC. 1205. OBSERVANCE BY THE GOVERNMENT OF ROMANIA OF THE human rights of Hungarians and other nationalities in Transylvania and elsewhere in Romania. SEC. 1206. SELF-DETERMINATION OF THE PEOPLE FROM THE BALTIC STATES OF ESTONIA, LATVIA, AND LITHUANIA. It is the sense of the Congress that— (1) the continuing desire and right of the people of the Baltic States of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania for freedom and independence from the Soviet Union should be recognized; and (2) the President should (A) direct world attention to the right of self-determination of the people of the Baltic States by issuing on July 26, 1988, a statement that officially informs all member nations of the United Nations of the support of the United States for self-determination of all peoples and nonrecognition of the forced incorporation of the Baltic States into the Soviet Union; (B) call attention to violations of internationally recognized human rights in the Baltic States; and (C) promote compliance with the human rights and humanitarian provisions of the Helsinki Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe in the Baltic States. SEC. 1207. ASSISTANCE IN SUPPORT OF DEMOCRACY IN POLAND. (a) SUPPORT FOR SOLIDARITY. It is the sense of the Congress that (1) Solidarity deserves special praise and recognition as the only free and independent trade union in Poland; (2) Solidarity reflects the Polish people's desire for free and democratic institutions and activities; and (3) Solidarity is one of the leading democratic representatives of the Polish working people. (b) ASSISTANCE IN SUPPORT OF DEMOCRACY IN POLAND.-Notwithstanding any other provision of law, of the amounts authorized to be appropriated to carry out chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (relating to the economic support fund) for fiscal year 1988, not less than $1,000,000 shall be available only for the unconditional support of democratic institutions and activities in Poland. PART B-LATIN AMERICA AND CUBA SEC. 1211. CUBAN HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS AND THE FAILURE OF THE UNITED NATIONS TO PLACE CUBA ON ITS HUMAN RIGHTS AGENDA. (a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that— (1) the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which was adopted and proclaimed by the General Assembly of the United Nations, states in paragraph 2 of Article 13 that "Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country"; (2) the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states in Article 19 that "Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions with out interference and to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas through any media regardless of frontiers"; (3) the Government of Cuba has violated the Cuban people's internationally recognized human rights, including freedom of movement, emigration, opinion, and expression; (4) Cuban human rights violations are a major obstacle to improved United States-Cuban relations; and (5) the United Nations Human Rights Commission has acted selectively in addressing human rights violations in various countries and has failed to place Cuba on its agenda despite overwhelming evidence of the continuing disregard and systematic abuse of internationally recognized human rights by the Government of Cuba. (b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.-It is the sense of the Congress that(1) the Government of Cuba should respect internationally recognized human rights, including freedom of movement, emigration, opinion, and expression; and (2) the United States delegation to the United Nations should continue its commendable efforts to bring this issue before the attention of the United Nations and to place Cuban human rights abuses on the agenda of the United Nations Human Rights Commission. (c) DISTRIBUTION OF TEXT TO U.N. MEMBERS.-The Secretary of State shall cause the text of this section to be circulated by the United States among the members of the United Nations in order to highlight Cuba's behavior in violation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. SEC. 1212. PARTIAL LIFTING OF THE TRADE EMBARGO AGAINST NICARAGUA. It is the sense of Congress that the President should exempt from the trade embargo against Nicaragua those items which would benefit Nicaragua's independent print and broadcast media, private sector and trade union groups, nongovernmental service organizations, and the democratic civic opposition. SEC. 1213. TERRORIST BOMBING IN HONDURAS. (a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that (1) a terrorist bomb exploded on August 8, 1987, in the China Palace restaurant in Comayagua, Honduras; (2) the bomb was directed at American soldiers and did in fact wound American soldiers and an American contractor; (3) the United States military personnel were in Honduras assigned to Joint Task Force Bravo; (4) Honduran authorities have named Alfonso Guerrero Ulloa as a suspect in this act of terrorism and have a warrant for his arrest; (5) the Government of Mexico, contrary to accepted norms of international law on harboring terrorists, has granted asylum to Mr. Guerrero; and (6) the United States Government has protested to the Government of Mexico. (b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.-It is the sense of the Congress that— (1) the United States Congress deplores the harboring of international terrorists, and (2) the United States Government should call upon the Government of Mexico to turn Mr. Guerrero over to the Government of Honduras. SEC. 1214. HUMAN RIGHTS IN PARAGUAY. (a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that (1) the Government of Paraguay systematically has violated the internationally recognized human rights of its citizens; (2) various provisions of Paraguayan law provide for the detention of individuals without trial for an indefinite period of time; (3) the police authorities in Paraguay arbitrarily arrest and detain individuals; and (4) the police authorities have tortured and abused prisoners, resulting in the death of a number of detainees. (b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.-The Congress expresses its outrage at the human rights abuses specified in subsection (a), pledges to continually speak out against all governments which commit such abuses, and urges the Government of Paraguay to respect the internationally recognized human rights of its citizens. PART C-AFRICA SEC. 1221. HUMAN RIGHTS IN ETHIOPIA. (a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that (1) the Government of Ethiopia has systematically violated the internationally recognized human rights of its citizens; (2) the Government of Ethiopia holds large numbers of political prisoners and regularly detains without trial many other political opponents of the government; (3) the Government of Ethiopia engages in torture and illtreatment of political prisoners; (4) reliable reports indicate that many political opponents of the Government of Ethiopia "disappear" and that approximately sixty political prisoners were executed in October 1985 without benefit of trial; and (5) over one million Ethiopians have fled the country. (b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.-The Congress expresses its outrage at the human rights abuses specified in subsection (a), pledges to continually speak out against all governments which commit such abuses, and urges the Government of Ethiopia to respect the internationally recognized human rights of its citizens. SEC. 1222. UNITED STATES POLICY ON ANGOLA. (a) FINDINGS.-The Congress finds that (1) it is in the interest of peace and economic development in southern Africa for the President and the Secretary of State to discuss the conflict in Angola with Soviet leaders; (2) the President has stated that the resolution of regional conflicts such as Angola, Afghanistan, and Nicaragua is critical to improvements in Soviet-American relations; (3) the proposed summit between President Reagan and Secretary General Gorbachev provides the United States with an opportunity to encourage complete Soviet-Cuban withdrawal from Angola, the possible provision of humanitarian assistance, and the holding of free and fair elections; (4) the Marxist regime in Angola known as the Popular Movement for Liberation of Angola (hereafter in this section referred to as the "MPLA") is currently launching a major dry-season offensive against the opposition involving thousands of Cuban troops and billions of dollars in sophisticated Soviet weaponry; (5) the people of Angola are starving because of the hardships resulting from 12 years of civil war and inefficient Marxist economic policies; (6) the MPLA regime has turned to the international community for substantial food aid while continuing to spend most of Angola's national budget on sustaining the war effort, including payments for Cuban troops and Soviet arms; and (7) the growing intensity of the war, the starvation and mounting suffering of the Angolan people, the continued presence in Angola of 37,000 Cuban combat troops and South African forces, the continued presence and active involvement of 2,500 Soviet military advisers, and the refusal of the MPLA to negotiate with the opposition, increase the urgency of reaching a peaceful solution. (b) POLICY.-It is the sense of the Congress that (1) the United States should continue to work toward a peaceful resolution to the Angolan conflict that includes (A) the complete withdrawal of all foreign forces and Soviet military advisers; (B) a negotiated settlement to the 12-year conflict leading to the formation of a government of national unity and the holding of free and fair elections; and (C) efforts by the President and the Secretary of State to convey to Soviet leaders at the proposed summit and in other meetings that the aggressive military build-up in Angola undermines positive bilateral relations and that the United States is committed to supporting democratic forces in Angola until democracy is achieved; (2) the people of Angola should not be left to starve because of the MPLA regime; (3) the United States should consider responding to the humanitarian needs of the Angolan people, and if humanitarian assistance is provided, such assistance should be distributed in an evenhanded manner, so that Angolans throughout the entire war-torn country are provided with food and basic medical care; (4) any humanitarian assistance should be distributed through private and voluntary organizations or nongovernmental organizations; and (5) within 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State should prepare and transmit to the Congress a report detailing the progress of discussions between the Soviet Union and the United States on the conflict in Angola. |