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200. Accent. The intentions of the mind--are manifested by the accent of the roice, as are those of a tailor, when he makes a gentleman's coat; or of a mantuamaker, when she makes a lady's gown; there is a meaning, an end, in all. The three great categories of knowledge are end, cause and effect; reflection and experience will convince those who would be wise, that the end or purpose, is the first thing, the cause or medium, the second, and the effect, or ultimation of the co-operation of end and cause, the third thing. Now the feeling, or affection, is the first thing; the thought-is the second thing: and the action-the third thing: the affection and the vowel sound are connected, the thought and the consonant, and all become manifest, when the word is properly made, by the application of accent, and enunciation.

201. Now, as the affectuous part of the mind operates, especially, on those lower nerves and muscles, that are combined to produce the vowel sounds, and the intellectual part of the mind co-operates with the lungs, to form the consonant sounds, and the two unite-to make the word, by the use of the accent, through the agency of which, feelings and thoughts are conveyed,-it will be perceived, that whenever there is a change of the seat of accent, there may be a corresponding change of the meaning of the word: or rather, a change of feeling produces a change of thought, and the two produce a corresponding change in the seat of accent: as-august, au-gust; prod-uce, pro-duce; gal

lant, gal-lant.

Anecdote. When Lieutenant O Brien was blown up, in the Edgar, and thrown on board the Admiral, all black and wet, he said to the commander, with pleasantry, "I hope sir, you will excuse my dirty appearance; for I left the ship in so great a hurry, that I had not time to change my dress."

Proverbs. 1. Every thing great-is comstronger resemblance to a mad-man than a drunposed of minute particles. 2. Nothing-bears a kard. 3. Pleasure, purchased by pain, is always injurious. 4. The act is to be judged of, by the intention of the person, who does it. 5. Theory, without practice, however plausible, seldom tends to a successful issue. 6. Reflect well, before you say yes, or no. 7. Be cautious-in giving advice, and consider-before you follow it. 8. A man, fond of disputing, will, in time, have few friends to dispute with. 9. Young people are apt to think themselves wise enough; as drunkards-think themselves sober enough. 10. Injustice-cannot exist without agents. 11. No great loss, but some small gain. 12. No smoke, without some fire.

Reading Discourses. As the reading desirable, that the speaker should unite the of written discourses is so common, it is very advantages of written, or printed composi tion, with extemporaneous speaking; which can be done by mastering the principles of this system; then, though the essay be a month, or a year old, the orator may give it all the appearance and freshness of oral discourse. Many public men have injured their health by slavishly reading their discourses, instead of speaking them; there being such an inseparable connection between thinking and breathing, that the effort to read, especially from a manuscript, tends to the use of the thorax, or lungs. If we were taught to read by ear, instead of by sight, there would be no difficulty in this exercise: there must be a revolution—in regard to teaching and learning this impor tant art, or sad will continue to be the consequences.

202. Change of the seat of accent according to sense. They bom-bard the town, with bom-bards, and ce-ment their cannon with cem-ent, and call upon their col-leagues to col-league together, col-lect their soldiers, and offer up their col-lects. He com-ments upon their com-ments, while they com-merce about Varieties. 1. Were the Texians right, the com-merce, and com-mon-place their com- in rebelling against Mexico? 2. If woman mon-place business. The com-pact was en-taught the philosophy of love, who would tered into in a com-pact manner, while the soldiers com-plot together in a com-plot, and com-port themselves with a becoming comport. The farmer com-posts his fields with excellent com-post, and out of the com-pound he com-pounds a fruitful soil; which, when com-press'd, makes a very fine com-press for the grain.

My birthday what a different sound
That word had-in my youthful ears!
And how, each time-the day came round,
Less, and less white-its mark appears!
When first-our scanty years are told,
It seems like pastime to grow old.
And as youth-counts the shining links,
That time-around him binds so fast,
Pleased with the task, he little thinks,
How hard that chain will press-at last.

not learn? 3. Do not yield to misfortunes; 4. Procrastination-is the thief of time. 5. but resist them, with unceasing firmness. No one is qualified to command,, who has not learned to obey. 6. A laugh-costs too much, if purchased at the expense of pro priety. 7. Words. fitly spoken from a life of love, are exceedingly sweet, and profitable to all.

Beware, ye slaves of vice and infamy, Beware choose not religion's sacred name, To sanctify your crimes-your falsehood shield. Profane not your Creator's boundless power, Or lest his vengeance-fall upon, and crush ye It is an awful height-of human pride, When we dare-robe ourselves in sanctity, While all is dark impiety within! This, surely, is the aggregate of sin, The last to be forgiven-by heaven, or man.

on his guard. 5. The pitcher may go often to the well, and be broken at last. 6. A good companion, makes good company. 7. Let every one choose,

according to his own fancy. 8. A comparison—is no reason. 9. Your looking-glass-will tell you what none of your friends will. 10. The human

203. The subject of accent, being of pri- Proverbs. 1. Beware of reading, without mary importance, should be dwelt upon, till thinking of the subject. 2. A man rarely deceives 3. A good paymaster is lord of its principles, and their application, are per- another but once. fectly familiar. Remember, it is the principal another man's purse. 4. He is most secure from external means, of making words-out of let-danger, who, even when conscious of safety, is ters and syllables: comparatively, it is the thread with which we make the garments for our thoughts, and thus manifest the objects which the mind has in view in clothing them in different ways, and making them alive with feeling. The mental power of ac-heart wants something to be kind to. 11. Many cent, is in the will, or voluntary principle, hands make light work. 12. Ask your purse— and the physical force is from the combined what you shall buy. action of the lower muscles, in connection with the diaphragm; hence, it may be perceived, that in simply expelling vowel sounds, as always insisted upon, we at the same time, acquire the power of making the accent; for expulsion--is accent, radical, or stress. If you do not master accent, you cannot succeed in becoming an elocutionist.

Anecdote.

Blundering on the Truth. An ignorant fellow, who was about to be married, resolved to make himself perfect in the responses of the marriage service; but, by mistake, he committed the office of bap tism for those of riper years: so, when the clergyman asked him, in the church.

Wilt thou have this woman to thy wedded wife?" The bridegroom answered, in a very solemn tone; I renounce them all." The astonished minister said-“I think you are a fool to which he replied, "All this I steadfastly believe."

204. Change of the seat of accent. On her en-trance, she was en-tranced at being es-cort-ed by a grand es-cort: I es-say to make an es-say to ex-ile the ex-iles: ex-port the ex-ports, with-out ex-tract-ing the exAnalogies. As, in the succession of the tracts for the ex-tract-ors: the ab-ject fel-lows seasons, each, by the invariable laws of naabject the gifts, and the ab-sent minded ab-ture, affects the productions of what is next sent themselves from the party: he ab-stracts in course; so, in human life, every period the ab-stracts and at-trib-utes the at-tri-butes of our age,-according as it is well or ill to others: I lay the ac-cent on the ac-cent-ed vowel, and af-fix the af-fix to the final syllable, and make aug-ment in the right place and aug-ment the word in Au-gust, and thus make the idea au-gust.

Notes. 1. Be careful in placing the accent on the right syllable: a l-ver-tise-ment, al-lics, com-pen-sate, in-qui-ry, de-co-rus, ry, up-right-ly; for if you place the accent on the wrong vowel, you partially pervert the meaning, or renter it ridiculous: as, I saw an august spectacle in Au-gust. 2. In singing, accent is always made by stress: and the first note of each full measure accrt-el.

or-the-py, ar-is-for-ra-cy, ac-rept-a-ble, Ar-e-op-a-gus, ac-cc8-80

Laconics. Labor is honorable in all, from the king on the throne to the mendicant in the street; and let him or her, who is a. shamed to toil for themselves, or the benefit of their race, be more ashamed to consume the industry and labor of others, for which they do not render an equivalent.

The rose had been washed, just washed in a shower,
Which Mary-to Anna-conveyed;
The plentiful moisture-encumbered the flower,
And weighed down its beautiful head.

The cup was all filled, and the leaves were all wet,
And it seemed, to a fanciful view,

To toeep for the Luds-it had left with regret,
On the flourishing lush-where it grew.

I hastily seized it, unfit as it was

Fora nogay, so dripping and drowned
And swinging it rudely, too rudely, alas!
I mayped it,-it fell to the ground.
Art such, I exclaimed, is the pitiless part,
Some act-by the delicate mind,
Regardless of wringing-and breaking a heart,
Aready to sorrow resigned.

This elegant rose, had I shaken it less,

Mirbt have bloomed with its ooner awhile:

Ant the ear, that is wiped, with a little address,
May be followed, perhaps, by a smile.

spent, influences the happiness of that which
brings forward accomplished and flourishing
is to follow. Virtuous youth-- generally
manhood; and such manhood passes off,
without uneasiness, into respectable and
tranquil old age. When nature-is turned
out of its regular course, disorder takes
place-in the moral, just as in the vegetable
World. If the spring-put forth no blossoms,
in summer-there will be no beauty, and in
the autumn-no fruit. If youth-be trifled
away without improvement, manhood will be
contemptible and old age-miserable.
the beginnings of life-have been vanity,-
its latter end can be no other than vexation
of spirit.

If

Varieties. 1. Is there any such thing as time and space, in the world of mind?" 2. · Any book that is worth reading once, is worth reading twice. 3. Most misfortunes -may be turned into blessings, by watching the tide of affairs. 4. When the wicked are in power, innocence and integrity are sure to be persecuted. 5. Give people proper books, and teach them how to read them, and they will educate themselves. 6. Unlimited powers-should not be trusted in the hands of any one, who is not endowed with perfection, more than human. 7. The truths of the Bible are the seeds of order; and as is the reception, such will be the produce.

Faults-in the life, breed errors in the brain,
And these, reciprocally, those again :
The mind, and conduct-mutually imprint,
And stamp their image-in each other's mint.

Proverbs. 1. Instead of saying "I can't," say "I will." 2. Acquire knowledge that may be useful. 3. If possible, remove your own difficulties. 4. Husband your time, and waste neither that, nor your money. 5. Try to exert a good

205. To accomplish the objects in view, the development and perfection of the voice for reading, speaking and singing, a great variety of exercises and examples, are introduced, containing sense and nonsense; and attention can be given to both kinds, accord-influence, wherever you are. 6. A little stone can ing to their uses. Let it be remembered, that the forty-four sounds of the language are the fountains, from which are to flow every stream

of elocution and music: and these are continually before us. No one can succeed in silently reading, or thinking over the sub

pects: practice is the great thing; therefore, frequently repeat the sounds, read by vowels, spell by sounds, and exercise in accent and emphasis, with all the other modifications.

206. They con-cert a plan to get up a concert, and as they con-cord the con-cords of the notes, they con-crete the con-crete tones with such admirable con-duet, as to con-duct the whole to the satisfaction of the audience. He con-forts the suzar with delicious con-fects, although he con-fines his efforts to the confines of the room; and without conflicting in any serious con-flict, he con-serves the conserves in such a way as to con-sort with his con-sort without con-test-ing with any serious con-test. I will con-text the con-text, so as to con-tract the con-tract-ing in a strong con-tract, the con-vent, so as to con-vent its

inmates, while they con-verse in familiar con

verse.

207. Among the more difficult acquisitions, is the ability to prolong sounds in strongly marked accented and emphatic words, involving the kindlier feelings of our nature; to succeed in which, practice single long vowel sounds in separate words, and also in short and long phrases; as ale; are; all; ee; ile; o

ld; ooze; mute; puss; oi- -1; our; also, old armed chair; wheel to the right; roll the flames and join the muse; glowing hope; praise the loty dome.

Notes. 1. The attempt is not made any where, to give a perit ne tation of the manner in which one is to real; and me winds are more or less emphatic, that are printed in common type; while certain words, which are not very important as to Bang, are printed in italics. 2. Never mind the rough appear. an of the examples; but make them smooth in your delivery.

Anecdote. Self-love. The first consideration of a knave is-how to help himself; and the second, how to do it with an appearance of helping others. Dionysius, the ty runt, stripped the statue of Jupiter Olympus, of a robe of massy gold, and substituted a cloak of wool, saying-“ Gold is too cold in winter, and too heavy in the summer-it behooves us to take care of Jupiter."

When was public virtue to be found,
Where private was not }

Can he love the whole,

Who loves no part?

He-be a nation's friend,

Who, it truth, is the friend of no man there? |

make a great bruise. 7. Unwearied diligence the point will gain. 8. Cultivate good domestic habits. 9. Some rather reflect truth than practice

it. 10. Man is a mi-cro-cosm, or little world. 11. Winter finds what Summer conceals. 12. Two of a trade seldom agree.

self the connecting link, or medium, between the mental and natural world: i. e. that the spiritual world is progressing down into the material world; and that all his muscles and vocal powers are the proper organs, thro' which it is to flow. Hence, the necessity of developing and training, perfectly, those mediums of communication, that every thing in the matter, may tell, effectually, in the manner. Much, very much depends upon the state of his own mind; for, according to that

Important. Let the orator consider him

will be the influence shed abroad on the minds of others. Conceive yourself the rep resentative of a vast concourse of associated minds, and be the true representative of your constituents.

Varieties. 1. Are fictitious writings bene ficial? 2. E-go-tism (or self-commendation,) is always disgusting, and should be carefully avoided. 3. A man cannot call a better physician than himself, if he will take all the good advice he gives to others. 4. Why is the human mind like a garden? because you can sow what seeds you please in it. 5. Good and bad fortune are necessary, to prepare us to meet the contingencies of life. 6. Be not too much afraid of offending others, by telling the truth: nor stoop to fiattery nor meanness, to gain their favor. 7. The whole outward creation, with its every particular and movement, is but a theatre and scene of ‹ƒfects, brought forth into existence, and moved by interior spiritual causes, proper to the spiritual world.

To the curious eye
A little monitor-presen's her page
Of choice instruction, with her stowy bells-
The ly of the vale. She, not affects
The public walk, nor gaze of mid-day sun:
She-to no state or dignity aspires,

But, sunt and alone, pets on her suit,
And she is her lasting per-fume, but for which
We had not known-the e us a thing-so sweet
Hid-in the gloomy shade. So, when the blast
Her sister tribes conf unis, aa, to the earth
Storps their high heads, that vaiuly were exposed,
She feels it not, but furishes anero,

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depends on well to hear.. 5. He who is wicked in the country, will be wicked in the town. 6. He who preaches war, is the devil's chaplain. 7. You will never have a friend, if you must have one without failings. 8. A bad man in of

208. The question is often asked-which | Proverbs. 1. Show me a liar, and I will receives the accent, the vowel or the conso-show you a thief. 2. The best mode of instrucnant? The reply is, sometimes one, and at tion is-to practice what we teach. 3. Vain gloothers, both, when they are connected. In a-ry blossoms, but never bears. 4. Well to judge, ble, the accent is all on a; in no-ble, the n and o receive the accent, but principally the o; in pre-sume, the accent is mostly on u; and is imparted to s and m, terminating on the m. Although this fact is perfectly obvious, yet one book that purports to have pass-just, which is necessary. 10. The worst of law fice, is a public calamity. 9. That war only is ed through seven editions, insists that vowels is, that one suit breeds twenty. 11. Be not ruinare never accented. I would ask that author, ed by your neglect. 12. Ignorance is a misfortuna what letter receives the accent of the proper name A-i in the Bible, since it has two sylla- Anecdote. An Unwelcome Visitor. A bles, and yet there are no consonants. Let person, who often intruded himself in a readus beware of wrong guides as well as blinding-room and library, to which he was not a

ones.

subscriber, had his pet dog turned out by the crusty old sexton; who gave him a kick, saying-" you are not a subscriber at any rate." The intruder took the hint; and never appeared again in the establishment, till he became a patron.

209. Half accented vowel sounds. There is an inferior, or half accent, on certain words of three or more syllables, which should be observed; and, although given distinctly, must be kept within the vanish of the accented ones. The dem-o-CRAT-ic con-ver-sa-tion HORACE, a celebrated Roman poet, relates, re-spect-ing the ti-a-ra was het-e-ro-G E-ne-us that a countryman, who wanted to pass a to a dem-on-STRA-tion; a met-a-PHIS-i-cal | river, stood loitering on the banks of it, in the hyp-O-CHON-dria is rec-om-MEN-da-to-ry of super-a-BUN-dant prod-i-GAL-i-ty: the in-compre-HEN-si-ble plen-i-po-TEN-ti-a-ry is an ampli-fi-ca-tion of hy-dro-PHO-bi-a; the per-pendic-u-LAR-i-ty of the gen-er-al-Is-si-mo, and the mag-na-NIM-i-ty of the phil-an-THROP-ical re-ca-pit-u-LA-tion was char-ac-ter-is-tic of the in-cor-rup-ti-BIL-i-ty of his in-conSID-er-a-ble-ness.

foolish expectation, that a current so rapid would soon discharge its waters. But the stream still flowed, (increased perhaps by fresh torrents from the mountains,) and it must forever flow; because the source from which it is derived, is inexhaustible. Thus, the idle and irresolute youth, trifles over his books, or squanders, in childish pursuits, his precious moments, deferring the business of improvement, (which at first might be rendered easy and agreeable, but which, by delay, becomes more and more difficult,) until the golden sands of opportunity have all run, and he is called to action, without possessing the requisite ability.

3.

210. The mere mention of Oratory, reminds us of the early times of Egypt, Greece, and Rome; when there flourished a LEVITE, who was an important instrument in delivering an ancient people from captivity; one of whose qualifications for his high office, was, that he could "speak well;"-a Demosthenes, the Varieties. 1. Has the invention of gunpow magic, music, and witchery of whose ele- der been beneficial to the world? The mind, quence, it is impossible to translate or de- like the soil, rises in value, according to the scribe;-a Cicero, whose oratory was copious, nature and degree-of its cultivation. correct, ornate, and magnificent ;-cach of Labor and prudence, relieve us from three whom was pre-eminent in his own style and great evils,-vice, want, and indolence. 4. manner,the Grecian-carrying the citadel A wise man reflects, before he speaks; a by storm, and the Roman taking it after a foolish one speaks, and then reflects on what he regular and most beautifully conducted siege; has said. 5. Our happiness does not consist -of a Peter, and Paul, pleading in the in being without passions, but in having cause of Heaven, and holding vast multitudes command of them. 6. Good-is never more in breathless silence, making even Judges effectually accomplished, than when produced tremble in their high places;-of more mod- by slow degrees. 7. True charity-cannot ern times, whose history presents us the name be conjoined to a persuasion of falsity, flowof a Chatham, a Burke, and a Fox, in the as-ing from evil.

sembly; and those of a Bourdaloue, Massillon, Bridane, and Whitfield, in the pulpit; also the orators of our own time and land; some of whom, in many respects, will not suffer by a comparison with any of their illustrious predecessors.

Praising-what is lost,

Makes the remembrance-dear.

There's quiet-In the deep :-
Above, let tides-and tempests rave,

And earth-born whirlwinds-wake the wave;
Alove, let care-and fear contend
With sin and sorrow-to the end:
Here, far beneath the tainted foam,
That frets-above our peaceful home,
We dream in joy, and wake in love,
Nor know the rage-tnat yells above!
There's quiet in the deep!

can never teach the use of books. 5. Common

211. Unaccented Vowels. There is great Proverbs. 1. Our best security consists in beauty in pronunciation, where each letter, innocence, and the cheering influence of approvthat is not silent, tells upon the ear its true ing conscience. 2. Tardiness and precipitation character, and all contribute to produce the are extremes equally to be avoided, 3. The desired effect: hence, the great necessity of brave may fall, but never yield. 4. Books alone giving to all letters, syllables, and words, their proper sounds; especially, the rowels, fame-is often a common liar. 6. Words-are whether long or short, accented or unaccentleaves; deeds are fruits. 7. Deserve success, and you shall command it. ed: as,-on the pres-ent oc-cu-sion I shall not 8. False friends are at-tempt to prej-u-dice your o-pin-ions or e-enriches the possessor. 10. He who avoids the worse than open enemies. 9. Goodness alone, mo-tions to ac-com-plish my ob-jects; is it temptation, avoids the sin. 11. Knowledge is no pos-si-ble, the fer-ri-ble of-fence of the gen-er- burden. 12. Man proposes, and God disposes. al, in ref-er-ence to the man-u-scripts, is partic-u-lar-ly con-spic-u-ous in the red-o-lent can-o-py of hear-en! the del-e-gate re-quests me to give an oc-cu-lar ed-u-ca-tion to his deli-cate child, and be par-tic-u-lar in its e-nun-soldier-becomes a lightsome boy at her feet; ci-a-tion and pro-nun-ci-a-tion.

Woman. What a consoler is woman! None but her presence can so win a man from his sorrow, make placid the knit brow, and wreathe the stern lip into a smile. The

the anxious statesman-smiles himself back to free-hearted youth beside her; and the still and shaded countenance of care-brightens beneath her influence, as the closed flower blooms in the sunshine.

212. A con-vert is one, who is con-vert-ed from one side to another, and a con-vict is one who has been con-vic-ted of some crime. The con-voy con-royed the king to his throne, and placed a cor-o-nal on his co-ro-nal brow. I Varieties. 1. What is truth? Heaven and will coun-ter-bal-ance that coun-ter-bal-ance, earth, are interested in this momentous quesand coun-ter-buff the enemy's coun-ter-buff. tion. 2. Flee from sloth; for the indolence They will coun-ter-charge the coun-ter-charge of the soul, is the decay of the body. 3. Eloon England, and coun-ter-charm the broker'squence is of two kinds,-that of the heart, coun-ter-charm, while we coun-ter-check the private's coun-ter-check. The general counter-mands his officer's coun-ter-mand, as we coun-ter-march our coun-ter-march. We will coun-ter-plot your coun-ter-plots, and coun-ter-mine your coun-ter-mines. He counter-poised their coun-ter-poise, and coun-tervailed their coun-ter-vail.

Notes. 1. Diferent words, as well as the same words, may be accented on different vowels, according to the object contre plated; thus-vi-brate, pro-pose, briz-ade, hus-band, au-gust, wo rust, com-pound. 2 The accent is generally on the root, or theme of the word; but sometimes on the subordinate part. 3. In reading portry, the accent may be different from what it would be in proer, for the sake of the melody of the verse. 4. Remem ber, vowels must be prolonged on their radical parts, not on their manuhing movements. 5. Observe how lively, varied and interesting a passage is, when pronounced with proper accentual force; and see how irs; it and monotonous without it. 6. Always let urant be well marked and sustained; then your delivery will be brilliant, sprightly and effective.

Anecdote. Undergoing a great hardship. During a trial in Court, where judge Parsons presided, a lawyer desired to know what a witness meant by keel-hauling. “Do you not know?" replied the judge; "he means that it is undergoing a great hard ship, to be sure!"

Fare thee well! the ship is ready,
And the breeze-is fresh and steady.
Hands are fast the anchor weighing;
High in air-the streamer's playing.
Spread the sails-the waves are swelling
Proudly round thy buoyant dwelling;
Fare thee well! and when at sea,
Think of those who sigh for thee.

A quaintance grow; the acquaintance they improved
To frundzhup; friendship-ripenend into love.

which is called divine; and that of the head,
which is made up of conceit and sophistry.
4. It is no small grief to one's good nature,
to try his friends. 5. Talk not of the love
that outlives adversity; the love, that remains
with it, is a thousand times more rare. 6
Deliberate with caution, and act with preci
sion; yield with grace, and oppose with
firmness. 7. The internal man is formed in
the body, as a tree in the ground, or a seed in
the fruit.

AUTUMN EVENING.
Behold-the western evening light!
It melts in deepening gloom;
So calmly-Christians sink away,
Descending-to the tomb.

The winds-breathe low, the withering leaf
Scarce whispers-from the tree;
So gently-flows the parting breath,
When good men-cease to be.
How beautiful-on all the hills,
The crimson light is shed!
Tis like the peace-the Christian gives
To mourner-round his bed.
How mildly-on the wandering cloud,
The sunset beam-is cast!
"Tis like the memory-left behind,

When loved ones-breathe their last.
And now, above the deres of night,
The yellow star-appears;
So-faith springs in the heart of thore,
Whose eyes-are bathed in tears.
But soon-the morning's happier ligh
It's glory shall restore;

And eyelids, that are sealed in death
Shall wake-to close no more.
True religion-

Is always mild, propitious, and humane,
Plays not the tyrant, plants no faith in blood;
But stoops to succor, polish, and redress,
And builds her grandeur-on the public good

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