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369. Exs. of the falling A. 1. Who Maxims. 1. A wounded reputation is seldom cares for you? 2. He is your friend, is he? cured. 2. Conciliatory manners always com3. You tell me so, do you? 4. If I were mand esteem. 3. Never deride any one's infirmi to do so, what would you say? 5. It is ties. 4. Detraction-is a sin against justice. 5. not prudence, when I trust my secrets to a Modesty-has more charms than beauty. 6. No man who cannot keep his own. 6. You fear should deter us from doing good. 7. Pin not are a very wise man, strong, brave, peaceable. your faith to another one's sleeve. 8. Reckless 7. If you had told me so, perhaps, I should youth-makes rueful age. 9. The example of the have believed you. 8. Sir, you are a fool, rigid examination. 11. Sickness is felt, but not good is visible philosophy. 10. Truth-never fears and I fear you will remain so.

370. MANNER. What we mean, does not so much depend on what we say, as how we say it; not so much on our words, as on our manner of speaking them: accordingly,

in elocution, great attention must necessarily be given to this, as expressive of what our words do not always indicate: thus, nature-fixes the outward expression of every intention and sentiment. Art only adds ease and gracefulness to the promptings of nature: as nature has ordained, that man shall walk on his feet, and not on his hands, art-teaches him to walk gracefully.

1.

371. COMBINATION OF THE WAVES. But you forsooth, are very wise men, deeply learned in the truth; wě, weak, contěmptibie, mean persons; but you, strong, gallant. 2. Mere hirelings, and time-servers-are always opposed to (5) improvements, and (6) orginality: so are tyrants-to liberty, and publicanism. 3. WISDOM alone is truly fir; rice, only appears so. 4. How like a fawning publican he looks! 5. How grein you are, and fresh in this old world! 6. What! can so young a thorn begin to prick! 7. Money-is your suit? What should I say to you? Should I not say, Hath a dog money? Is it possible—a căr can lend three thousand ducats? 7. They tell us to be moderate; but they, THEY― are to revel in profùsion!

Miscellaneous. 1. Can one phenomenon of mind be presented, without being Connected with another? if so,-how? 2. Reputation-often etlects that, which did not belong to one's character. Make a childbebeve that he is considered aimable, by his friends, and he will generally become so. 3. Affection is the continuous principle of love, -which is spiritual heat; and hence the very vital principle of man. 4. Must not the first possible idea--of any individual, have been the product of the relation-between two states of the mind, in reference to external objects? Anecdote.

Danger of Bad Campany. St. Austin compares the danger of bad comremy-to a nail driven into a post; which, after the first, and second stroke, may be drawn out with little difficulty; but being vee driven up to the heal, the pincers can take no hold to draw it out; which can be toe only by the destruction of the wood.

health.

larges, as thought becomes more free, an inquiry upon all subjects becomes more bold and searching; a voice louder and still louder comes up from the honest and thinking men in Christendom, calling for rationality calling for such principles of biblical interin religion, as well as in every thing else; pretation, as shall show the scriptures to be indeed, and in truth, the WORD OF God. from heaven-to enlighten and bless manEvery ray of truth, which has been sent kind, has gained admittance into the world by patient struggling and persevering contest.

Reason. As the field of true science er

virtuous Pagan, put to the blush-many a
Varieties. 1. The words of Seneca, the
formed, that the judges had sentenced him
pagan christian. 2. When Socrates was in-
to death, he replied," And hath not Nature
passed the same sentence on them" 4.
There is more eloquence, in the tone of voice,
in the looks, and in the gestures of a speak-
er, than in the choice of his words.

Dear Patiente-too, is born of woe,
Patience, that opens the gate
Wherethrough the soul of man must go
Up to each nobler state.

High natures-must be thunder-scarred
With many a searing wrong.

Law, that shocks equity, is renson's murde
I would not waste my spring of youth,
In idle dalliance; I would plant rich seeds.
To blossom in my manhood, and bear fruit,
When I am old.

Full many a gem-of purest ray serene.

The dark unfathomed caves of ocean bear,
Full many a flow'r is born-to blush unseen,

And waste its sweetness on the desert ar
Beautiful cloud! with folds so soft and far
Swimming-in the pure-quiet air!
Thy fleeres, bathed in sunlight, while belote,

Thy shadow-o'er the vale moves slow:
Where, 'midst their labor, pause the reaper train,
As cool it comes-along the grain.
Beautiful cloud! I would I were with thee
In thy calm way-o'er land and sea:
To rest-on thy unrolling skirts, and look
On Earth-as on an open book;
On streams, that tie her realms, with silver bands,
And the long ways, that seam her lan is ;
And hear her humming cities, and the sound
Of the great ocean-breaking round

occur.

9.

Never sport with pain, or poverty. 10. Put no

faith in tale-bearers.

Anecdote. Point of Law. Blackstone, speaking of the right of a wife to dower, as. serts, that if land abide in the husband a sin

372. Remember, that Nature abhors mo- Maxims. 1. A faithful friend--is a strong notony, or sameness of sound, as much as defence. 2. Avoid that which you blame in others. she does a vacuum. Hence, give variety in 3. By doing nothing, we learn to do ill. 4. Conemphasis, inflections, and wares, if they often fession of a fault, makes half amends for it. 5. 1. (3) Happy, (5) happy, (6) hap-Dependence and obedience, necessarily belong to Py páir! none but the (2) brave! (6) youth. 6. Every art-is best taught by example. 7. Great designs require great consideration. 8. none but the (5) brave; none (8) BUT the brave deserve the fair! 2. (6) What a piece Misfortune is a touchstone of friendship. of work-is man! how noble in (5) reasim! how infinite in (6) FACULTIES! in (4) form, and (5) moving, how express and (6) admirable! in action, how like an angel! in apprehension, (4) how like a God! 3. My JUDGMENT-approves this measure, and my whole HEART is in it: all that I have; (4) all that I am; and all that I HOPE, in this life, I am now ready here to stake upon it; and I leave off as I began; th't (4) sink or swim; (5) live or die; survive or (6) PERISH,-I am for the DECLAIt is my living sentiment, and (2) by the blessing of God, it shall be my dying sentiment: (5) Independence (6) nów and Independence (9) FOREVER!

RATION.

373. EFFECT. What is the use of reading, speaking, and singing, if the proper effect is not produced? If the singing in our church choirs, and the reading and speaking in the desk and pulpit, were what they ought to be, and what they may be, the house of God would be more thronged than theatres ever have been. Oh! when will the best of truths be delivered in the best of manners? May the stars of elocution and music, be more numerous than the stars of heaven!

Because I cannot flatter, and speak fair,
Smile in man's face, smooth, deceive and coy,
Deck with French words, and apish courtesy,
I must be held-a răncorous ênemy.
Cannot a plain man live, and think no harm,
But thus his simple truth-must be abused,
By silken, sly, insinuating Jacks!
Tho' plunged in ills, and exercised in care,
Yet, never let the noble mind despair:
When prest by dangers, and beset by foes,

gle moment, the wife shall be endowed thereof; and he adds, that the doctrine was extended very far, by a jury in Wales, where the father and son were hanged at the same the father, by appearing to struggle the longtime; but the son was supposed to survive er; whereby he became seized of an estate by survivorship; in consequence of which seizure, his wife-obtained a verdict for her

dower.

Riches and Talent. Nothing is more common than to see station and riches-preferred to talent and goodness; and yet few things are more absurd. The peculiar superiority of talent and goodness-over station and riches, may be seen from hence-that the influence of the former—will always be the greatest, in that government, which is the purest; while that of the latter-will always be the greatest-in the government that is the most corrupt: so that from the preponderance of the one, we may infer the soundness and rigor of the commonwealth; but from the other, its dotage and degeneracy.

Varieties. 1. Indolence and indecision, tho' not vices in themselves, generally prepare the way for much sin and misery. 2 If the mind be properly cultivated, it will produce a storehouse of precious fruits; but if neglected, it will be overrun with noxious weeds and poisonous plants. 3. A kind benefactor-makes one happy-as soon as he

Heaven its timely succour doth interpose, [grief.) can, and as much as he can. 4. The only

And, (when our virtue sinks, o'erwhelmed with
By unforeseen expedients-brings relief.
If there's a sin-more deeply black than others,
Distinguished from the list of common crimes,
And legion-in itself, and doubly dear
To the dark prince of hell—it is hypocrisy.

Ye gentle gales, beneath my body blow,
And softly lay me-on the waves below.
Wisdom-took up her harp, and stood in place
Of frequent concourse-stood in every gate,
By every way, and walked in every street,
And, lifting up her voice, proclaimed: Be wise,
Ye fools! be of an understanding heart.
Forsake the wicked: come not near his house:
Pass by make haste: depart, and turn away.
Me follow-me, whose ways are pleasantness,
Whose paths are peace, whose end is perfect joy

sure basis of every government, is in the af-
fection of a people, rendered contented, and
happy, by the justness and mildness, with
which they are ruled. 5. As moisture is re-
quired to the formation of every seed, so natu-
ral truth-to the formation of first principles.
They whom

Nature's works can charm, with God himself
Hold converse! grow familiar, day by day,
With His conceptions, act upon His plan,
And form to His-the relish of their souls.
Our present acts, tho' slightly we pass them by
Are so much seed-sown for Eternity.

The devil can cite scripture for his purpose---
An evil soul, producing holy witness,

I like a villain with a smiling cheek;

A goodly apple, rotten at the heart;

0, what a goodly outside--falsehood hath!

374. As the principles of elocution are Proverbs. 1. Forbearances requisite in few and simple, and as practice alone makes youth, in middle age, and in old age. 2. Peculiar perfect, there are all kinds of examples pro-ities-are easily acquired; but it is very difficult to vided for those, who are determined to de- eradicate them. 3. Good principles are of no use velop their minds through their bodies, and to us, unless we are governed by them. 4. Cobecome all that God and nature-intended quetry-is the vice of a small mind. 5. Pure metthem to be. As the ear is most intimately als--shine brighter, the more they are rubbed. 6. connected with the affections-the motive- Pride-lives on very costly food,-its keeper's power of the intellect, it is absolutely neces-happiness. 7. Extremes-are generally hurtful; sary that the student should exercise aloud, for they often expose us to damage, or render us that the voice and ear, as well as the thoughts ridiculous. 8. In the days of affluence, always and feelings, may be cultivated in harmony think of poverty. 9. Never let want come upon and correspondence. If, then, he finds the you, and make you remember the days of plenty. task severe, let him persevere, and never 10. No one can become a good reader or speaker, in a few weeks, or a few months.

mind it.

Ledyard, that women, in all countries, are Woman. I have always observed, says civil, obliging, tender, and humane; that they are inclined to be gay and cheerful, tim

man, hesitate to perform a generous action.
Not haughty, arrogant, or supercilious, they
are full of courtesy, and fond of society; more
liable, in general, to err than man, but in
general, also, more virtuous, and performing
more good actions than he. To a woman,
whether civilized or savage, I never address-
ed myself in the language of decency and
friendship, without receiving a decent and
friendly answer. With man it has been often
otherwise. In wandering through the barren
plains of inhospitable Denmark; thro' hon
est Sweden, and frozen Lapland, rude and
churlish Finland, unprincipled Russia, and
the wide-spread regions of the wandering
Tartar; if hungry, dry, cold, wet, or sick,
the women-have ever been friendly to me
(so worthy to be called benevolence,) their
and uniformly so; and to add to this virtue,
actions have been performed in so free and
kind a manner, that if I were dry, drank
the sweetest draught, and if hungry, ate the
coarsest morsel, with a double relish.

375. EXAMPLES. 1. The queen of Denmark, in reproving her son, Hamlet, on account of his conduct towards his step-father, whom she married, shortly after the murder of the king, her husband, says to him, "Humorous and modest, and that they do not, like let, you have your father much offended." To which he replies, with a circumflex on you, "Madam, (3) you-have my father much offended." He meant his own father: she-his step-father; he would also intimate, that she was accessory to his father's murder; and his peculiar reply, was like daggers in her soul. 2. In the following reply of Death to Satan, there is a frequent occurrence of circumflexes, mingled with contempt: And reckon'st thou thyself with spirits of heaven, hell-doomed, and breath'st defiance here, and scorn, where I reign king? and, to enrage thee môre,-thy king, and lord 2" The voice is circumflected on heaven, helldoomed, king and thy, nearly an octave. Come, show me what thoul't do; woul't weep? woul't fight woul't fast? woul't tear thyself? I'll do't. Dost thou come here to whine? to outface me, with leaping in her grave? be buried quick with her, and so will I; and if thou prate of mountains, let them throw MILLIONS of acres on us, till our ground, singeing her pate against the burn-came from hearing one of Massillon's serang zone, make Ossa-like a wart. Nay, an thoul't mouthe, I'll rant as well as thou Anecdote. A clergyman, once traveling in a stage-coach, was abruptly asked by one of the passengers, if any of the heathens would go to heaven. "Sir," answered the clergyman, I am not appointed judge of the world, and, consequently, cannot tell; but, if ever you get to heaven, you shall either find some em there, or a good reason why iney are not there."

3.

Too High or too Low. In pulpit eloquence, the grand difficulty is to give the subject all the dignity it so fully deserves, without attaching any importance to our selves. The christian minister cannot think too highly of his Master, or too humbly of himself. This is the secret art which captivates and improves an audience, and which all who see, will fancy they could imitate; while many whey, win not succeed, because they are not influenced by proper notices and do not use the right means.

N

Varieties. 1. When Baron, the actor,

mons, he said to one of his comrades of the stage; here is an orator; we are only ac the sake of being clean; others, for the sake tors. 2. Some people-wash themselves for of appearing so. 3. Of all the pursuits, by which property is acquired, none is prefera ble to agriculture,-none more productive, and none more worthy of a gentleman. 4. It is a maxim with unprincipled politicians, to destroy, where they cannot intimidate. nor persuade. 5. Good humor, anu mental charms, are as much superior to external beauty, as mind is superior to matter. 6. Be wise, be prudent, be discreet, and tem

perate, in all things

Patriots have toile ', and in their country's cause
Bled nobly, ar, their deeds, as they deserve,
Receive *, und recompense. We give in charge
Their names—to the sweetlyre. The historic muse,
Proud of her treasure, marches with it-down
l'o latest times; and sculpture, in her turn,
Gives bond, in stone-and ever-dur ng brass,
To gward them-and immortalize her trust,

376. INTONATIONS. The intonations are opposite to monotones, and mean the rise and fall of the voice, in its natural movements through a sentence: they are demonstrated in music, and here, in elocution. In all common kinds of reading and speaking, the voice should not generally rise and fall more than one note, in its passage from syllable to syl

lable, and from word to word: its movement will then be gentle, easy and flowing. But when the passion, or sentiment to be exhibited, is powerfully awakening or exciting, it may rise or fall several notes, according to the predominance of feeling.

377. Our (6) SIGHT-is the most (4) perfect, and most (5) delightful - of all our senses. (4) It fills the mind with the largest variety of (3) ideas; (5) converses with its objects at the greatest (6) distance; and continues the longest in (5) action, without being (4) tired-or (3) satiated, with its proper enjoyments. The (6) sense of (S) FEELING, can, indeed, give us the idea of (5) extension, (6) shape, and all other properties of matter, that are perceived by the (5) eye, except (4) colors. (3) At the same time-it is very much (5) straightened—and (4) confined in its rations, to the (3) number, (4) bulk, and (5) distance, of its peculiar objects.

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378. When we read, or speak, without any feeling, the voice ranges between our first and fourth notes; when there is a moderate degree of feeling, and the subject somewhat interesting, it ranges between our second and sixth notes; when there is a high degree of feeling and interest, it ranges between our fourth and eighth notes; descending, how ever, to the third and first, in a cadence, or close of the effort. It is highly necessary to keep the voice afloat, and never let it run aground; that is, let the feeling and thought keep it on the proper pitches, and do not let it descend to the first, or ground-note, till the piece is completed; except in depressed monotony. Memorize the preceding, and talk it off in an easy, graceful and appropriate

manner.

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Proverbs. 1. A clear conscience fears no cusation. 2. An open door will tempt a saint. Confidence is the companion of success. Cruelty to a woman is-the crime of a monster. 5. A smart reproof is better than smooth deceit. 6. Adð not trouble to the grief-worn heart. 7. Affectation is at best a deformity. 8. Bear misfortunes with patience and fortitude. 9. A good maxim is never

out of season. 10. Ambition-never looks behind. 11. A wise man wants but little. 12. Knowledge -makes no one happy.

Anecdote. A tragedy of Eschylus wa once represented before the Athenians, in which it was said of one of the characters, "that he cared more to be just, than to appear so." At these words, all eyes were instantly turned upon Aristides, as the man who, of all the Greeks, most merited that distinguish ed character: and ever after he received, by universal consent, the surname of-" The Just."

christians of all grades and classes, even down Courtesy. St. Paul, addressing himself to to menial servants, exhorts them to be courteous. Courteousness-must mean, therefore,

a something, which is within the reach of all sorts of people; and, in its primary and best neously springs from a heart, warm with is exactly such a behavior, as sponta

sense,

benevolence, and unwilling to give needless pain, or uneasiness to a fellow-being. We have no more right, wantonly or carelessly to wound the mind, than to wound the body of a fellow-being; and, in many instances, the former-is the more cruel of the two.

Varieties. 1. Some start in life, without any leading object at all; some, with a low aim, and some, with a high one; and just in proportion to the elevation at which they aim, will generally be their success. 2. Guard against fraud, and imposition; and forego

some advantages, rather than gain them at a risk, that cannot be ascertained. 3. In the determination of doubtful and intricate cases, the nicest discrimination, and great solidity of judgment, are required. 4. We have an instinctive expectation of finding nature Abstract Question. Which is more pro and true to herself; but whence this expec everywhere the same,-always consistent, bable, that our judgment, in respect to exter-tation? 5. Is there not something in the nal phenomena, has been warped, by compar-native air of true freedom, to alter, expand, ing their operations with those of the mind; and improve the external form, as well as the internal? 6. Is not affluence-a snure, and poverty, a temptation? 7. Man is a true epitome of the spiritual world, or world of mind; and to know himself, is the perfection of wisdom.

or, that our metaphysical mistakes have been
occasioned, by forming a false analogy be-
tween its internal operations, and outward
appearances?

The midnight moon-serenely smiles
O'er nature's soft repose;
No towering cloud obscures the sky,
No ruffling tempest blows.
Now, every passion-sinks to rest;
The throbbing heart lies still;

And varying schemes of life-no more
Distract the laboring will.

CURIOSITY.

It came from Heaven.-it reign'd in Eden's shades,
It roves on earth-and every walk invades:
Childhood-and age-alike its influence owa,

It haunts the beggar's nook, the monarch's thrones
Hangs o'er the cradle, leans above the bier,
Gazed on old Babel's tower,-and lingers hers.

379.

SPEECH. By the first-is meant the movement of the voice through the different notes of the scale, As-cending and DE-Scending, with an appropriate and agreeable variety of sounds; by the second, an agreeable succession of sounds, either in speech or song. A dull repetition of words or sounds, on nearly the same pitch, is very grating to the ear, and disgusting to correct taste; and yet it is one of the most common faults of the bar, the senate and pulpit; indeed, in every place where there is public speaking: which is the melancholy result of the usual course of teaching children to read.

INTONATIONS AND MELODY OF Laconics. 1. By minding our own business, we shall be more useful, more benevolent, more respected, and ten times happier. 2. That student will live miserably, who lies down, like a camel, under his burden. 3. Remember, while you live, it is by looks--that men deceive. 4. A indeed the wisest foe. 5. He, who confides in a foolish friend may cause more woe, Than could person of no honor, may consider himself very tion of mankind is such, that we must not believe lucky, if he is not a sufferer by it. 6. The condievery smooth speech-the cover of a kind intention. 7. Who is wise? He who learns from every one. 8. Who is rich? He, who is contented. 9. Nothing is so dumb--as deep emotion. 10. Where there is much mystery, there is generally much ignorance. 11. Catch not soon at offence. 12. Whoso loseth his spirits, loseth all.

380. EXAMPLES PARTIALLY EXHIBITED. 1 (5) Seest thou a man (5) diligent in his (6) business? (5) He shall stand before (4) kings, (3) he shall not stand before (5) mean men. 2. (3) O swear not by the (6) moon, the (5) inconstant (4) moon, (3) that monthly (5) changes in its circled (3) orb. 3. Said Mr. Pitt, to his aged accuser, in debate, (4) "But (6) youth, it seems, is not my (5) only (3) crime, (4) I have been accused of (5) acting (6) a (8) theatrical part." 4. (5) Standing on the ascent of the (6) past, we survey the (5) present, and (4) extend our views into (3) futurity. 5. (5) No one-will ever be the (4) happier, for (5) talents, or (4) riches, (3) unless he makes a right (3) use of them. 6. (5) Truths-have (4) life in them; and the (6) effect of that life is (3) unceasing expansion. 7. (6) He, who loves the (5) Lord, with all his (4) heart, and his neighbor as (4) himself, needs no (5) compass, or (4) helm to steer his (3) course; because (5) truth and (4) love are his (3) wind and (2) tide. N. B. The inflections, circumflexes, &c., commence with the accented rowel, which is supposed to be on the note indicated by the preceding figure.

381. PROMISCUOUS EXAMPLES WITHOUT NOTATION. The predominant characteristic of the female mind is affection: and that of the male mind is thought: tho' both have of fection and thought; but disparity-does not imply inferiority. The sexes are intended for different spheres of life, and are created in conformity to their destination, by Him, who bids the oak-brave the fury of the tempest, and the Alpine flower-lean its cheek on the bosom of eternal snow.

Abstract Question. Is not that propensity of the human mind, which seeks for a medium of communication, between two physical phenomena, to be traced to the fact, that every admitted truth, is derived from a medium of knowledge; and that there is a connection among all intellectual phenomena; so much so, that we cannot conceive a new idea, without a medium of communica sion 1

Anecdote. Choice of a Husband. An Athenian, who was hesitating, whether to give his daughter in marriage to a man of worth with a small fortune, or to a rich man, who had no other recommendation, went to consult Themistocles on the subject. “I would bestow my daughter," said Themistocles, "upon a man without money, rather than upon money without a man."

True Philosophy-consists in doing all the good that we can, in learning all the good we can, in teaching to others all the good we can, in bearing, to the best of our ability, the various ills of life, and in enjoy ing, with gratitude, every honest pleasurethat comes in our way.

Varieties. 1. Should not our intentions, as well as our actions-be good? 2. True love—is of slow growth, mutual and recipro‐ ca', and founded on esteem. 3. Graces, and accomplishments—are too often designed for beaux-caching, and coquetry. 4. There is time for all things. 5. An individual-inclined to magnify every good, and minify every eril-must be a pleasing comparim, or partner-for life,-whether male or fe male. 6. Knowledge-is not wisdom; it is only the raw material, from which the beautiful fabric of wisdom is produced; therefore, let us not spend our days in gathering materials, and lire, and die, without a shel ter. 7. Every evil-has its limit; which, when passed, plunges the wicked into mis ery. 8. One thief in the house, is more to be

dreaded than ten-in the street. 9. The
more haste, generally the worst speed. 10.
The moral government, under which we live,
is a kingdom of uses; and whatever we pos▪
sess, is given us for use; and with it, the op
portunity and power of using it.

Thou art. O God, the life and light
Of all this wondrous world we see,
Its glow by day, its smile by night,
Are but reflections-caught from thee;
Where'er we turn, thy g'ories shine,
And all things fair and bright are thine.

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