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the pages of our preceding Volume in cases where particulars are there given; so that the Reader will have, in these Surveys, from year to year, an abstract of the History of each Station.

This Survey does not, however, exhibit a full view of Christian Exertions for the benefit of the Heathen World, as it is chiefly limited to Missionary Institutions. Notices, indeed, of the operations of Bible Societies and of the growth of Education are interwoven throughout; but there are many labours of different Institutions which have not hitherto been brought into view in this annual abstract.

The NATIONAL SOCIETY and the BRITISH AND FOREIGN SCHOOL SOCIETY, with all associated or similar Institutions, are working a mighty change in the world, by the preparation of the mass of the people to read the Scriptures. The BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIBLE SOCIETY, with all its kindred bodies-the CHRISTIAN-KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY, with its domestic and foreign branches-the PRAYER-BOOK AND HOMILY SOCIETIES, of England and America-the TRACT AND SCHOOL-BOOK SOCIETIES, of the Western and the Eastern World-these are supplying the means both of education and of the future enlargement and improvement of the mind. The AFRICAN INSTITUTION of this Country, the COLONIZATION SOCIETY of America, and the PEACE SOCIETIES of the Old and New World, with similar associations of benevolent men, are labouring to remove some of those obstacles which impede or retard the progress of Truth and Love on the earth. The JEWS' SOCIETY is bending its intelligence and strength to the recovery of the Ancient People of God. The UNITED FOREIGN MISSIONARY SOCIETY of North America, and other Missionary Institutions, are but newly formed, and have not yet therefore come into action on the Heathen World. Important preparatory aid is rendered by MISSIONARY SEMINARIES; as, at Bâsle, in the United States, and elsewhere.

We have it, therefore, in contemplation to improve still further the Surveys of future years; by interweaving, in their proper places, brief notices, so far as we can collect them, of the influence of all these and similar Institutions on the several portions of our Geographical Survey.

As this part of our work is likely, therefore, to increase in importance every year, we have thought it expedient to print it with larger and more open types than heretofore, that it may be consulted with more ease and pleasure.

ARRANGEMENT OF THE FOLLOWING SURVEY.

To the Volume for 1816, a Geographical List of Missionary Stations was prefixed; and to those for 1817 and 1818, Alphabetical Lists. Facility of reference was obtained by the alphabetical arrangement; but the important advantage of a regular survey of the Heathen World, and of the efforts which are carried on in its various quarters, was lost thereby. We have resumed, therefore, the Geographical Arrangement; and shall pursue this method in future years.

It has been found expedient, however, not to follow the usual division of the Four Quarters of the World; but to adopt that Order of the Stations which any one, desiring to visit them in succession, might be supposed to follow with the greatest convenience. In the circumnavigation of the Globe here sketched out for him, he would visit, by sea or by land, all the principal Ancient Christian Churches, as well as the Mahomedan and Pagan Nations.

His course might first be directed to WESTERN AFRICA, comprehending

that portion of the Continent which lies between Morocco and the Line. Crossing the Line, he would enter on that part of Africa which, lying south of the Line, may be classed in Missionary Records as SOUTH AFRICA; and which should be considered as including the Islands that lie off its south-eastern coast. Passing up the coast of EASTERN AFRICA, the Christian beholds, with hope of better days, as he works his way up the Red Sea, on the one hand Abyssinia and Nubia and Upper Egypt, and ARABIA on the other. On entering the MEDITERRANEAN, after surveying Syria and the Holy Land, he passes, by Lower Egypt, throughout the Barbary States; and then taking his station, for a time, in Malta, as the centre of this great scene of holy labour, he visits, in succession, the Ionian Islands, Greece, the Archipelago, and the Lesser Asia. Passing into the BLACK SEA, and contemplating, as promising spheres of Christian Exertion, its Turkish and Russian Shores, he may make his way, by the Russian Provinces lying between the Black and the Caspian Seas-while he anticipates the final happiness of PERSIA, partly through these Provinces and partly by means of the maritime and continental access to that kingdom from Western India-into the almost boundless plains of NORTHERN ASIA, comprehending the Provinces of that quarter belonging to Russia, with the widely-extended regions inhabited by Tartar and other Tribes, whether independent or connected with any of the neighbouring Powers. By the great country of THIBET, he may proceed to CHINA; connected with which vast sphere of labour is INDIA BEYOND THE GANGES; whence, returning to the great scene of British Influence and Power, INDIA WITHIN THE GANGES, he may afterward traverse the whole series of ASIATIC ISLANDS, from the Laccadive and Maldive to Japan. From these, his course would lie through the Insular Continents, as they may be denominated, of AUSTRALASIA, and the numerous groupes of POLYNESIA. Passing on, and contemplating the great Continent of SOUTH AMERICA, with earnest prayers for the rising of the Sun of Righteousness on that dreary region, he may reach Guiana, the solitary portion of that Quarter of the World where Protestant Christians are labouring for the good of the Heathen; and then, winding his course among the Islands and Shores of the WEST INDIES, and passing through the Tribes of the NORTH-AMERICAN INDIANS, he may finish his vast survey, by contemplating, with admiration, the Triumphs of the Cross on the inhospitable shores of LABRADOR and of GREENLAND.

In this circumnavigation of the Globe, we have marked those Divisions, under which all the present and future exertions for the Conversion of the World may probably be arranged with advantage.

Under each of these Divisions, the Societies which maintain Missions therein are ranged alphabetically in the following Survey; and under each Society are placed its Missionary Stations, in what appeared to be their most natural geographical order.

Western Africa.

THE principal sphere of Missionary Labour within this Division is the Colony of Sierra Leone, with its vicinity. In this labour the Church Missionary Society has the chief share. Its Mission in this quarter is one of peculiar difficulty; arising, in some measure, from the insalubrity of the

climate to many Europeans, but chiefly from the ruinous influence of the Slave Trade. That iniquitous traffic has revived, of late, with redoubled fury; and has compelled the Society to abandon attempts among the Natives, in which it had persevered for many years.

Its disappointments, however, of this nature, are abundantly remunerated by the increasing success of its labours among the Liberated Negroes assembled within the Colony of Sierra Leone. In these labours and successes, the Wesleyan Missionaries take their share.

The restoration of the French Settlements of Senegal and Goree has been hitherto injurious to the best interests, of the Natives. There are some appearances, however, of the introduction of the British System of Education into Senegal; and it is not to be believed, that, by the surreptitious contravention of Public Treaties,

the French Settlements will be allowed to continue the desolating traffic in Slaves.

The intercourse recently opened from the Gold Coast among the Ashantees, the prospect of success which is opening from Tripoli into the Interior of the Continent, the perseverance with which researches are made into its actual condition, the plans of the Americans for colonizing People of Colour on this coast, with the determined zeal wherewith the Friends of Africa contend against the infamous traffic in Slaves-all conspire to awaken hopes of better days for this injured country.

CHURCH MISSIONARY SOCIETY.

The more recent views and wishes of the Society respecting this Mission, may be seen in Appendix I, to the Eighteenth Report, pp. 166-169.

SIERRA LEONE.

A Colony belonging to Great Britain. Under the unwearied care of Governor Mac Carthy, this Colony is rapidly improving. Eight Parishes have been formed; with various Negro Towns, in which many thousand Negroes, liberated from Slave Ships, are placed under proper superintendence and Christian Instruction. The Society has undertaken to provide for the education of the Children.

The grand Total, at the beginning of March, of Adults and Children attending Schools throughout the Colony, was not short of 2000.

The Colony and the Society have suffered severe loss, in the death of the First Chaplain, the Rev. Wm. Garnon, who departed July 29th of last year, full of holy and humble joy. The death of the Missionary Wenzel on the 1st of August, and that of Mrs. Collier and Mrs. Decker, have been further trials. See Vol. for 1818, pp. 434, 435, 481-484. Yet the survivors speak the language of courageous faith

And now, Dear Sirs, be not discouraged. Let more labourers put their lives into their hands, and come to help those who are left. Ethiopia shall yet stretch out her hands unto God.

The Society has sent out continued supplies of Teachers; nor have the Committee found any reluctance in those who had devoted themselves to this labour.

Embarked on board the Echo, Captain Rowe, Nov. 20th

Schoolmasters: Thos. Morgan, Chr. Taylor, G. S. Bull. Schoolmistresses:

Mrs. Morgan, Mrs. Taylor. Embarked on board the Mary, Captain Bissett, Jan. 8th, 1819

Schoolmasters:

Thos. Jesty, and Henry Barrett, Mrs. Jesty, Schoolmistress.

LEICESTER MOUNTAIN.

In the Colony of Sierra Leone-about three miles from Free Town.

John Godfrey Wilhelm, Minister.
John Brereton Cates, Schoolmaster.
John Maxwell,
Native Usher.

The late Rev. Messrs. Butscher and Garnon had acquired considerable influence over the Youths who were educating here as Mechanics. Since their decease, these Youths have not been so manageable. It will probably be necessary to put the "Christian Institution" of the Society on a new footing. A plan is now, indeed, in contemplation, for rendering it a superior Seminary, for giving a better education to the most promising Youths throughout the Colony.

Oh Mr. Bull's arrival, he will take charge of the School; and Mr. Cates will settle at Regent's Town. Mr. and Mrs. Horton have left the Society.

The number of Children in the Schools here was, by the last advices, 202.

A Monthly Meeting is held for Prayer for the success of Missions, when the Negroes attend from the neighbouring

Towns.

KISSEY TOWN.

A Town of Liberated Negroes, in the Parish of
St. Patrick, Sierra Leone.
1816.

Gustavus Reinhold Nyländer, Minister.
Stephen Caulker, Native Usher.

Mr. Christ. Taylor and Mrs. Taylor, who sailed in November, are appointed, as

Schoolmaster and Schoolmistress, to this Station.

Mr. Nyländer, having given up the Bullom Mission, accepted the invitation of the Governor, with the concurrence of his Brethren, to supply the loss of the Rev. C. F. Wenzel at this Station. Mr. Wenzel died, worn out by age and infirmities.

REGENT'S TOWN.

GLOUCESTER TOWN.

A Town of Liberated Negroes, in the Parish of St.
Andrew, Sierra Leone.
1816.

Henry Düring, Superintendent..
Mrs. Düring, Schoolmistress.

Mr. Düring was to be ordained according to the Rites of the Lutheran Church. His prospects are encouraging. Several have been baptized. The place where the

A Town of Liberated Negroes, in the Parish of Negroes met for Public Worship, which

St. Charles, Sierra Leone.

1816.

W. A. B. Johnson, Minister.

The blessing of God has greatly prospered the labours of Mr. Johnson. The Church has been frequently enlarged, and will now accommodate about 1200 persons, which number of Liberated Negroes

contained about 200 persons, has been found far too small. A large stone Church, capable of containing 800 Negroes, is now erecting.

Seven Communicants have contributed 11. 9s. 5d. in aid of the Society.

LEOPOLD TOWN.

frequently attend. Nearly 100 Negroes A Town of Liberated Negroes, in the Parish of

are Communicants; and many more were to be baptized at Christmas. The Adults are making rapid progress in learning; and several of them are becoming very active in the religious instruction of their countrymen.

In June, there were 499 Scholars in the School of which there were, Boys 127, Girls 108, Men and Youths 184, and Women 80.

A Church-Missionary Association has been, formed among the Negroes, which has already raised above 331.

A Benevolent Society has also been established for mutual aid; and a Building Society, for raising substantial houses.

Here the triumphant influence of Christianity, in rapidly civilizing and blessing rude and ignorant men, is remarkably displayed. See many affecting particulars in our Volume for 1818, pp. 343-345, -and 463-466.

Mr. Johnson's description of the scene of his labours deserves to be here repeated

Our place is become a most romantic spot. It is surrounded by high mountains, one raising its head above another, and all covered with trees and bushes continually green. Streams descend, in different directions from the various cliffs, with immense rapidity; and form, when united, a large brook, which runs through the middle of the Town. On the banks is a meadow, for the cattle belonging to our people, which is always green.

Our House, the Church, and the School-Houses for the Boys and Girls, stand together, in a large enclosure, on one hill. The remainder of the hill contains about twelve acres; and has been brought, with the help of the Children, into a state of culti

vation.

In front of our House, on another hill, is a part of the Town, which extends also on our right and left. Behind us, on a higher hill than ours, the Governor has erected a Cottage.

From every part of my House I can see the whole Town. Around the Town are the People's Farms. From these Farms, no less than eight mountains rear their heads, and form a chain around us.

St. Peter, Sierra Leone.
1818.

Melchior Renner, Minister.

Mr. Renner, having withdrawn the Mission from the Rio Pongas, was fixed at this place by the Governor, on the 12th of June, 1818. It contains about 300 Negroes. Bathurst Town, in the Parish of St. James, lies above Leopold Town; and Charlotte Town, in the Parish of St. John, lies below it. Mr. Renner has, at present, the care of these three Parishes.

Sixty Children, who came with Mr. Renner from the Rio Pongas, are settled here under his care.

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Julia, frequently mentioned in former accounts, has been married to James Brunton.

For further particulars, see the last Vol. pp. 235-238,

The Isles De Loss, at a short distance from this Settlement, having come under the protection of the British Goverment, and Governor Mac Carthy requesting the Society to place Mr. Klein there, he has been directed to remove.

The Stations at Canoffee, Yongroo Pom oh, and Goree, have been given up by the Society.

This measure was anticipated in the last Survey, with respect to Canoffee. The circumstances which led more immediately to this decision, may be seen in the Vol. for 1818, pp. 231-235. Yet the sacrifices and the toils have not been in vain. Simeon Wilhelm, a Memoir of whose Life and happy Death we gave in the last volume, is both an abundant reward for all that has been expended and endured, and a pledge of future success with his countrymen. Nor can it be doubted, that an impression has been left, by the Missionaries, on

the minds of the Natives, which may facilitate the resumption of the Mission. The greater part of the Children accompanied the Missionaries to the Colony. Jellorrum Harrison is no longer connected with the Society.

The Bullom Mission, at Yongroo Pomoh, has been withdrawn, chiefly from the pernicious influence of the same evil. Though not exposed to the same violence, in consequence of the Slave Trade, as the Missionaries at Canoffee; yet it had rendered the prospect of success, after years of toil by Mr. Nylander, more distant and dark than

before. Out of 25 Scholars, 20 accompanied him to the Colony. The resumption of this Mission will be kept in view, when more favourable times arise; and, in the meanwhile, the preparation of the Scriptures and other Books, and the instruction of Buldom Scholars, will be attended to as opportunities offer. The cruelty of Pagan Superstitions is strongly exemplified among the Bulloms: see the last Vol. pp. 238-244. Mr. Nyländer laboured affectionately and patiently among them: see ib. pp. 244, 245, 345, and 346. The Natives regretted his removal; but, it is to be feared, chiefly on account of the temporal advantages of which it deprived them.

The giving up of Goree was also anticipated in the last Survey. Mr. and Mrs. Hughes are returned to this country.

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John Baker, John Gilleson. Messrs. Baker and Gilleson, appointed by the last Conference, sailed on the 16th of December.

Mr. Davies, who was at Leopold Town, and in charge also of Bathurst and Charlotte Towns, returned home on account of his health. Mr. Brown, under whom, at Free Town, the work is rapidly advancing, will also leave when Messrs. Baker and Gilleson arrive.

was far too small. He baptized about 70, and married 30 couple.

The Report states—

The prospect of good among the Recaptured Negroes is generally encouraging: and the Committee, feeling, on the one hand, the importance of cherishing these indications of the spread of true religion among this people; and, on the other, considering how fatal the climate of that part of Africa is to European constitutions; intend to attempt, at least in part, the supply of this Mission, from our Societies in the West Indies. The expense if possible, by Black or Coloured Missionaries, of the Mission may be somewhat enhanced; but the Committee cannot but think, that the natural source for the supply of Africa, with at least a part of its Christian Ministers, is among those of her own race, who, by the blessing of God, have been

Mr. Davies reports considerable success at Leopold Town. The Chapel, which would hold between 200 and 300 people, brought to a knowledge of the truth in Christian

Colonies.

South Africa.

THE Societies engaged in Missionary || patient endeavours, even among deExertions in this quarter, are, the spised Hottentots: the London MisUnited Brethren, the London Missionary Society, without any great exsionary Society, and the Wesleyan Methodists; whose attempts began in the order in which the Societies have just been mentioned. The United Brethren had shewn what might be effected, by the Divine Blessing on

pectations at first from this quarter, has multiplied its Stations, and laboured with success even among the wildest inhabitants of the Interior: and the Wesleyan Methodists are, following in the same vigorous career.

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